Vim初级：配置和使用

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-23 20:17:59 发布

harttle

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-23 20:17:59 发布

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文章标签： vim unix 文本编辑

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/yangjvn/article/details/47206899

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原文链接：http://harttle.com/2013/11/08/vim-config.html

Vim是从vi发展出来的一个文本编辑器。代码补全、编译及错误跳转等方便编程的功能特别丰富，在程序员中被广泛使用。和Emacs并列成为类Unix系统用户最喜欢的编辑器。

文档参见：http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/

中文文档：http://vimcdoc.sourceforge.net/doc/

基础使用

vim-key

查看帮助：:help，<Ctrl>] 进入标签，<Ctrl>O 返回。

初始化过程

正如多数 linux 软件，vim 的配置文件分为系统配置文件 /etc/vimrc，/usr/share/vim/ 和用户配置文件 ~/.vimrc，~/.vim/。

vim 的配置文件载入过程为：

/etc/vimrc
$HOME/.vim/，$HOME/.vimrc
$VIMRUNTIME/.vim，$VIMRUNTIME/.vimrc
$HOME/.vim/after/

通过运行 vim -V 可查看整个初始化过程。

示例配置文件

一个示例配置文件如下：

" .vimrc
" See: http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/options.html for details

" For multi-byte character support (CJK support, for example):
" set fileencodings=ucs-bom,utf-8,cp936,big5,euc-jp,euc-kr,gb18030,latin1

set tabstop=4       " Number of spaces that a <Tab> in the file counts for.

set shiftwidth=4    " Number of spaces to use for each step of (auto)indent.

set expandtab       " Use the appropriate number of spaces to insert a <Tab>.
                    " Spaces are used in indents with the '>' and '<' commands
                    " and when 'autoindent' is on. To insert a real tab when
                    " 'expandtab' is on, use CTRL-V <Tab>.

set smarttab        " When on, a <Tab> in front of a line inserts blanks
                    " according to 'shiftwidth'. 'tabstop' is used in other
                    " places. A <BS> will delete a 'shiftwidth' worth of space
                    " at the start of the line.

set showcmd         " Show (partial) command in status line.

set number          " Show line numbers.

set showmatch       " When a bracket is inserted, briefly jump to the matching
                    " one. The jump is only done if the match can be seen on the
                    " screen. The time to show the match can be set with
                    " 'matchtime'.

set hlsearch        " When there is a previous search pattern, highlight all
                    " its matches.

set incsearch       " While typing a search command, show immediately where the
                    " so far typed pattern matches.

set ignorecase      " Ignore case in search patterns.

set smartcase       " Override the 'ignorecase' option if the search pattern
                    " contains upper case characters.

set backspace=2     " Influences the working of <BS>, <Del>, CTRL-W
                    " and CTRL-U in Insert mode. This is a list of items,
                    " separated by commas. Each item allows a way to backspace
                    " over something.

set autoindent      " Copy indent from current line when starting a new line
                    " (typing <CR> in Insert mode or when using the "o" or "O"
                    " command).

set textwidth=79    " Maximum width of text that is being inserted. A longer
                    " line will be broken after white space to get this width.

set formatoptions=c,q,r,t " This is a sequence of letters which describes how
                    " automatic formatting is to be done.
                    "
                    " letter    meaning when present in 'formatoptions'
                    " ------    ---------------------------------------
                    " c         Auto-wrap comments using textwidth, inserting
                    "           the current comment leader automatically.
                    " q         Allow formatting of comments with "gq".
                    " r         Automatically insert the current comment leader
                    "           after hitting <Enter> in Insert mode. 
                    " t         Auto-wrap text using textwidth (does not apply
                    "           to comments)

set ruler           " Show the line and column number of the cursor position,
                    " separated by a comma.

set background=dark " When set to "dark", Vim will try to use colors that look
                    " good on a dark background. When set to "light", Vim will
                    " try to use colors that look good on a light background.
                    " Any other value is illegal.

set mouse=a         " Enable the use of the mouse.

filetype plugin indent on
syntax on