android 使用MediaStore检索图像

MediaStore在应用程序之间共享，所以大多数应用程序使用默认的MediaStore，我们就可以利用它检索图像，而且作为一个内容提供器，它也是以数据库的的方式来进行运作的。进行语句的查询之后就会返回一个Cursor对象，通过它遍历结果。

布局文件：上方显示图片，使用imageButton，可以使用onclick事件，点击图片时会到下一张。下方textView显示名称：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <ImageButton
        android:id="@+id/imgBtn"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:contentDescription="@string/imageShow" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java主程序文件：

package cn.yh.mediastoregallery;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.provider.MediaStore.Images.Media;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory.Options;
import android.view.Display;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ImageButton;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	private ImageButton imageButton;
	private TextView textView;
	private Cursor cursor;
	private Bitmap bitmap;
	private String imageFilePath;
	private int fileColumn;
	private int titleColumn;
	private int displaylumn;

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		
		imageButton = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.imgBtn);
		textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView);
		//设置要返回的字段
		String[] columns = { Media.DATA, Media._ID, Media.TITLE,
				Media.DISPLAY_NAME };
		//执行查询，返回一个cursor
		cursor = managedQuery(Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, columns, null, null,
				null);
		//
		fileColumn = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
		//
//		titleColumn = cursor
//				.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.TITLE);
		//
		displaylumn = cursor
				.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DISPLAY_NAME);
		//
		if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
			textView.setText(cursor.getString(displaylumn));
			imageFilePath = cursor.getString(fileColumn);
			bitmap = getBitmap(imageFilePath);
			imageButton.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
		}
		imageButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				if (cursor.moveToNext()) {
					textView.setText(cursor.getString(displaylumn));
					imageFilePath = cursor.getString(fileColumn);
					bitmap = getBitmap(imageFilePath);
					imageButton.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
				}
				//如果到了最后一张，再回到第一张图片
				if(cursor.isLast()){
					cursor.moveToFirst();
				}
			}
		});
	}

	private Bitmap getBitmap(String imageFilePath) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		// 獲取DefaultDisplay
		Display display = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay();
		int th = textView.getHeight();
		int dh = display.getHeight() - th;
		int dw = display.getWidth();
		BitmapFactory.Options bmFactoryOptions = new Options();
		bmFactoryOptions.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
		Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imageFilePath, bmFactoryOptions);
		int hRatio = (int) Math.ceil(bmFactoryOptions.outHeight
				/ (float) dh);
		int wRatio = (int) Math.ceil(bmFactoryOptions.outWidth
				/ (float) dw);
		// 判断是按高比率缩放还是宽比例缩放
		if (hRatio > 1 || wRatio > 1) {
			if (hRatio > wRatio) {
				bmFactoryOptions.inSampleSize = hRatio;
			} else {
				bmFactoryOptions.inSampleSize = wRatio;
			}
		}
		// 对图像进行真正的解码
		bmFactoryOptions.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
		bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imageFilePath, bmFactoryOptions);
		return bitmap;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
		// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
		getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
		return true;
	}

}