Android 向服务器提供数据

Android向服务器提供数据是网络编程非常重要的一部分，因为我们需要根据提供的数据来获取自己需要的数据。

几天给大家分享向服务器提供数据的三种方式：
1.GET
2.POST
3.AsyncHttpClient

以上三种方式中，GET和POST是底层的写法，推荐使用POST，因为POST的提交方式更加安全
AsyncHttpClient是第三方的方式，比较简单方便

前提：首先我们需要创建一个服务器，用来提供数据。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <EditText
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="请输入用户名"
        android:id="@+id/et_main_uname"
        />
    <EditText
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="请输入密码"
        android:id="@+id/et_main_upass"
        />
    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="登录(GET)"
        android:onClick="loginGet"
        />
<Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="登录(Post)"
        android:onClick="loginPost"
        />
    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="登录(AsyncHttpClient)"
        android:onClick="loginAsyncHttpClient"
        />
</LinearLayout>

上述代码是三种调用不同的提交数据方式的登录

package com.zking.administrator.g160628_android32_commitdata;

import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.loopj.android.http.AsyncHttpClient;
import com.loopj.android.http.RequestParams;
import com.loopj.android.http.TextHttpResponseHandler;

import org.apache.http.Header;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private EditText et_main_uname;
    private EditText et_main_upass;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        et_main_uname = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_main_uname);
        et_main_upass = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_main_upass);
    }
    public void loginGet(View view){
       String uname=et_main_uname.getText().toString();
       String upass=et_main_upass.getText().toString();
       String path="http://193.168.2.141:7788/G160628_Server/login.do";//这是我们WEB服务器处理登录业务逻辑的路径
      new MyGetTask().execute(uname,upass,path);
    }

    //使用AsyncHttpClient方式提供数据
    public void loginAsyncHttpClient(View view){
        String uname=et_main_uname.getText().toString();
        String upass=et_main_upass.getText().toString();
        String path="http://193.168.2.141:7788/G160628_Server/login.do";

        AsyncHttpClient ahc=new AsyncHttpClient();
        RequestParams params=new RequestParams();
        params.put("uname",uname);
        params.put("upass",upass);
        ahc.post(this,path,params,new TextHttpResponseHandler(){
            @Override
            public void onFailure(int statusCode, Header[] headers, String responseBody, Throwable error) {
                super.onFailure(statusCode, headers, responseBody, error);
            }

            @Override
            public void onSuccess(int statusCode, Header[] headers, String responseBody) {
                super.onSuccess(statusCode, headers, responseBody);
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, responseBody, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });


    }





    public void loginPost(View view){
       String uname=et_main_uname.getText().toString();
       String upass=et_main_upass.getText().toString();
       String path="http://193.168.2.141:7788/G160628_Server/login.do";
      new MyPostTask().execute(uname,upass,path);
    }


    //使用Post方式提供数据
    class MyPostTask extends AsyncTask{

        @Override
        protected Object doInBackground(Object[] params) {
            String uname=params[0].toString();
            String upass=params[1].toString();
            String path=params[2].toString();
            try {
                URL url=new URL(path);
                HttpURLConnection conn= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
                conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);//设置服务器响应的最大时间

                //admin 123
                //uname=admin&upass=123456

                String s="uname="+uname+"&upass="+upass;
                 //添加请求头
                conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length",s.length()+"");
                conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

                conn.setDoOutput(true);//允许对外输出数据

                OutputStream os=conn.getOutputStream();
                os.write(s.getBytes());

                if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){
                    InputStream is=conn.getInputStream();
                    BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
                    String str=br.readLine();
                    return str;
                }



            } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }


            return null;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Object o) {
            super.onPostExecute(o);
            String s= (String) o;
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,s, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

        }
    }








    //使用GET方式提供数据
    class MyGetTask extends AsyncTask{
        @Override
        protected Object doInBackground(Object[] params) {
            String uname=params[0].toString();
            String upass=params[1].toString();
            String path=params[2].toString();

            try {
                URL url=new URL(path+"?uname="+uname+"&upass="+upass);
                HttpURLConnection connection= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
                connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
                if(connection.getResponseCode()==200){
                    InputStream is=connection.getInputStream();
                    BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
                    String s=br.readLine();
                    return s;
                }
            } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }


            return null;
        }
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Object o) {
            super.onPostExecute(o);
            String s= (String) o;
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, s, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }



}

服务器登录页面的业务逻辑

package com.zking.servlet;

import java.awt.print.Printable;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet{
	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		//获取用户名和密码
		String uname=req.getParameter("uname");
		String upass=req.getParameter("upass");
		System.out.println(uname+" "+upass);
		String result=null;
		//判断
		if("admin".equals(uname) && "123".equals(upass)){
			result="success";
		}else{
			result="fail";
		}
		PrintWriter pw=resp.getWriter();
		pw.write(result);
		pw.close();
	}
}

注意别忘了配置访问网络的权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>