首先我们来解释一下什么叫做实体bean,如下:
解释完了以后,现在正是动手操作啦。新建一个工程,并把JBOSS中的jar包引入进去,路劲为:D:\JBoss\jboss-5.1.0.GA\client
然后,我们要在src目录下创建一个名为“META-INF”的目录,并创建名为“persistence.xml”的配置文件,在此需要注意的是此名称是不能改变的。
内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd" version="1.0">
<!-- 定义持久化单元,即实体类的集合,name为自定义 -->
<persistence-unit name="MySql" transaction-type="JTA">
<jta-data-source>java:MySqlDS</jta-data-source>
<properties>
<!-- 每启动一次服务器就更新一次表结构 -->
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
<!-- 显示执行的SQL语句 -->
<property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"/>
<!-- 格式化显示的SQL -->
<property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true"/>
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
然后创建一个实体bean,代码如下:
package com.zlb.bean;
import java.io.Serializable;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="stu")
public class Student implements Serializable{
/**
* 实现序列接口,以便区分客户端与服务器中值的异同
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 733200529487550550L;
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)//默认值,表示此字段可以跨平台字段增长
private Integer id;
@Column(length=20,nullable=false)//字段不能为空
private String name;
//需要无参的构造函数
public Student(){};
public Student(String string) {
this.name = string;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
final int prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result + ((id == null) ? 0 : id.hashCode());
return result;
}
/**
* 判断返回给客户端的值是否与给服务器的值相同,以便区分客户端与服务器
*/
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
Student other = (Student) obj;
if (id == null) {
if (other.id != null)
return false;
} else if (!id.equals(other.id))
return false;
return true;
}
}
接着,创建相对应的接口以及实现类,如下:
package com.zlb.service;
import java.util.List;
import com.zlb.bean.Student;
public interface StudentService {
public void save(Student student);
public void delete(int studentId);
public void update(Student student);
public Student getStudent(int studentId);
public List<Student> findStudent();
}
package com.zlb.service.impl;
import java.util.List;
import javax.ejb.Remote;
import javax.ejb.Stateless;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;
import com.zlb.bean.Student;
import com.zlb.service.StudentService;
@Stateless
@Remote(StudentService.class)
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {
@PersistenceContext EntityManager em;//定义持久化上下文的实体管理器
@Override
public void save(Student student) {
em.persist(student);
}
@Override
public void delete(int studentId) {
em.remove(em.getReference(Student.class, studentId));
}
@Override
public void update(Student student) {
em.merge(student);
}
@Override
public Student getStudent(int studentId) {
return em.find(Student.class, studentId);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Override
public List<Student> findStudent() {
return em.createQuery("select s from Student s").getResultList();
}
}
然后,我们要创建JNDI配置文件,以便通过JNDI获取EJB对象,名称为,jndi.properties,内容如下:
java.naming.factory.initial=org.jnp.interfaces.NamingContextFactory
java.naming.provider.url=localhost:1099
之后,我们要对EJB进行编译的话,得创建ANT,名称为:build.xml,代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--工程名字以及它所在的目录,“.”代表跟此文件在同一目录-->
<project name="EntityBean" basedir=".">
<!--相关属性-->
<!--src的目录-->
<property name="src.dir" value="${basedir}\src"></property>
<!--声明环境变量的别名-->
<property environment="env" />
<!--jboss环境变量的值-->
<property name="jboss.home" value="${env.JBOSS_HOME}"></property>
<!--jboss服务的加载项,在此设置为默认的-->
<property name="jboss.server.config" value="default"></property>
<!--class文件的存放目录-->
<property name="build.dir" value="${basedir}\build"></property>
<!--指定jboss的JAR包及class文件的路径-->
<path id="build.classpath">
<fileset dir="${jboss.home}\client">
<include name="*.jar"/>
</fileset>
<!--class文件的目录-->
<pathelement location="${build.dir}"/>
</path>
<!--创建class文件目录-->
<target name="prepare">
<delete dir="${build.dir}"></delete>
<mkdir dir="${build.dir}"/>
</target>
<!--创建编译任务时的环境,depends表示在执行此任务之前会先执行的任务-->
<target name="compile" depends="prepare" description="编译">
<javac srcdir="${src.dir}" destdir="${build.dir}" includes="com/**">
<classpath refid="build.classpath"></classpath>
</javac>
</target>
<target name="ejbjar" depends="compile" description="创建EJB发布包">
<jar destfile="${basedir}\${ant.project.name}.jar">
<fileset dir="${build.dir}">
<include name="**/*.class"/>
</fileset>
<metainf dir="${src.dir}/META-INF"></metainf><!-- 表示把src/meta-inf路径下的所有文件都打进meta-inf文件中 -->
</jar>
</target>
<target name="deploy" depends="ejbjar" description="发布EJB">
<copy file="${basedir}\${ant.project.name}.jar" todir="${jboss.home}\server\${jboss.server.config}\deploy"/>
</target>
<!--
<target name="undeploy" description="卸载EJB">
<delete file="${jboss.home}\server\${jboss.server.config}\deploy\${ant.project.name}.jar"/>
</target>
-->
</project>
最后一步,创建调用此实现类中的方法进行访问的Junit测试类,创建方法如下:
1、记住要在所要测试的接口上面右击:
2、记得要勾选红框中的那一项,它表示在类加载完之后所要执行的方法
3、点击“下一步”之后,进入此页面,然后选择你要测试的方法
点击“完成”,接着开始编写代码,如下:
package junit.zlb;
import java.util.List;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.zlb.bean.Student;
import com.zlb.service.StudentService;
public class StudentServiceTest {
private static StudentService studentService;
@BeforeClass
public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {
try {
InitialContext initialContext = new InitialContext();
studentService = (StudentService)initialContext.lookup("StudentServiceImpl/remote");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Test
public void testSave() {
studentService.save(new Student("小明"));
}
@Test
public void testDelete() {
studentService.delete(1);
}
@Test
public void testUpdate() {
Student stu = (Student) studentService.getStudent(1);
stu.setName("周玲斌");
studentService.update(stu);
}
@Test
public void testGetStudent() {
Student stu = (Student) studentService.getStudent(1);
System.out.println(stu.getName());
}
@Test
public void testFindStudent() {
List<Student> students = studentService.findStudent();
for(Student stu : students){
System.out.println(stu.getName());
}
}
}
最后,右击你要测试的方法,进行测试,如下:
说明:以上操作用到了JPA规范,有兴趣的朋友可以自己去查下文档,有时间我也会发表一篇关于JPA规范的文章。