利用redis实现Session共享理论（二）禁用Cookie后的URL重写

1、解决方案：URL重写

　　response.encodeRedirectURL(java.lang.String url) 用于对sendRedirect方法后的url地址进行重写。
　　response.encodeURL(java.lang.String url)用于对表单action和超链接的url地址进行重写

2、小案例

/**
* 测试session
* @param request
* @param response
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/getSession2", method = { RequestMethod.POST,RequestMethod.GET })
    public void getSession2(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
System.out.println("===重写后sessionId:"+session.getId());
}
/**
* 
* @param request
* @param response
* @throws Exception
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/getSession1", method = { RequestMethod.POST,RequestMethod.GET })
    public void getSession1(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
System.out.println("===重写前sessionId:"+session.getId());
String url = response.encodeRedirectURL(request.getContextPath()+"/test/getSession2");
System.out.println(url);
response.sendRedirect(url);
}

不禁用cookie，页面正常

禁用cookie

控制台都输出如下

===重写前sessionId:1gtods1686cr68f96tw4g8f5j
/yhloanBackstage/test/getSession2;jsessionid=1gtods1686cr68f96tw4g8f5j
===重写后sessionId:1gtods1686cr68f96tw4g8f5j

3、范例：禁用Cookie后servlet共享Session中的数据

IndexServlet

 1 package xdp.gacl.session;
 2 
 3 import java.io.IOException;
 4 import java.io.PrintWriter;
 5 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 6 import java.util.Map;
 7 import java.util.Set;
 8 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
 9 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
10 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
11 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
12 
13 //首页：列出所有书
14 public class IndexServlet extends HttpServlet {
15 
16     public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
17             throws ServletException, IOException {
18 
19         response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
20         PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
21         //创建Session
22         request.getSession();
23         out.write("本网站有如下书：<br/>");
24         Set<Map.Entry<String,Book>> set = DB.getAll().entrySet();
25         for(Map.Entry<String,Book> me : set){
26             Book book = me.getValue();
27             String url =request.getContextPath()+ "/servlet/BuyServlet?id=" + book.getId();
28             //response. encodeURL(java.lang.String url)用于对表单action和超链接的url地址进行重写
29             url = response.encodeURL(url);//将超链接的url地址进行重写
30             out.println(book.getName()  + "   <a href='"+url+"'>购买</a><br/>");
31         }
32     }
33 
34     public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
35             throws ServletException, IOException {
36         doGet(request, response);
37     }
38 }
39 
40 
41 /**
42  * @author gacl
43  * 模拟数据库
44  */
45 class DB{
46     private static Map<String,Book> map = new LinkedHashMap<String,Book>();
47     static{
48         map.put("1", new Book("1","javaweb开发"));
49         map.put("2", new Book("2","spring开发"));
50         map.put("3", new Book("3","hibernate开发"));
51         map.put("4", new Book("4","struts开发"));
52         map.put("5", new Book("5","ajax开发"));
53     }
54     
55     public static Map<String,Book> getAll(){
56         return map;
57     }
58 }
59 
60 class Book{
61     
62     private String id;
63     private String name;
64 
65     public Book() {
66         super();
67     }
68     public Book(String id, String name) {
69         super();
70         this.id = id;
71         this.name = name;
72     }
73     public String getId() {
74         return id;
75     }
76     public void setId(String id) {
77         this.id = id;
78     }
79     public String getName() {
80         return name;
81     }
82     public void setName(String name) {
83         this.name = name;
84     }
85 }

BuyServlet

 1 package xdp.gacl.session;
 2 
 3 import java.io.IOException;
 4 import java.util.ArrayList;
 5 import java.util.List;
 6 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
 8 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 9 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
10 import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
11 
12 public class BuyServlet extends HttpServlet {
13 
14     public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
15             throws ServletException, IOException {
16         String id = request.getParameter("id");
17         Book book = DB.getAll().get(id);  //得到用户想买的书
18         HttpSession session = request.getSession();
19         List<Book> list = (List) session.getAttribute("list");  //得到用户用于保存所有书的容器
20         if(list==null){
21             list = new ArrayList<Book>();
22             session.setAttribute("list", list);
23         }
24         list.add(book);
25         //response. encodeRedirectURL(java.lang.String url)用于对sendRedirect方法后的url地址进行重写
26         String url = response.encodeRedirectURL(request.getContextPath()+"/servlet/ListCartServlet");
27         System.out.println(url);
28         response.sendRedirect(url);
29     }
30 
31     public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
32             throws ServletException, IOException {
33         doGet(request, response);
34     }
35 
36 }

ListCartServlet

 1 package xdp.gacl.session;
 2 
 3 import java.io.IOException;
 4 import java.io.PrintWriter;
 5 import java.util.List;
 6 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
 8 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 9 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
10 import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
11 
12 public class ListCartServlet extends HttpServlet {
13 
14     public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
15             throws ServletException, IOException {
16         response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
17         PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
18         HttpSession session = request.getSession();
19         List<Book> list = (List) session.getAttribute("list");
20         if(list==null || list.size()==0){
21             out.write("对不起，您还没有购买任何商品!!");
22             return;
23         }
24         
25         //显示用户买过的商品
26         out.write("您买过如下商品:<br>");
27         for(Book book : list){
28             out.write(book.getName() + "<br/>");
29         }
30     }
31 
32     public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
33             throws ServletException, IOException {
34         doGet(request, response);
35     }
36 }

　　在禁用了cookie的IE8下的运行效果如下：

　　

　　通过查看IndexServlet生成的html代码可以看到，每一个超链接后面都带上了session的Id，如下所示

1 本网站有如下书：<br/>javaweb开发   <a href='/JavaWeb_Session_Study_20140720/servlet/BuyServlet;jsessionid=96BDFB9D87A08D5AB1EAA2537CDE2DB2?id=1'>购买</a><br/>
2 spring开发   <a href='/JavaWeb_Session_Study_20140720/servlet/BuyServlet;jsessionid=96BDFB9D87A08D5AB1EAA2537CDE2DB2?id=2'>购买</a><br/>
3 hibernate开发   <a href='/JavaWeb_Session_Study_20140720/servlet/BuyServlet;jsessionid=96BDFB9D87A08D5AB1EAA2537CDE2DB2?id=3'>购买</a><br/>
4 struts开发   <a href='/JavaWeb_Session_Study_20140720/servlet/BuyServlet;jsessionid=96BDFB9D87A08D5AB1EAA2537CDE2DB2?id=4'>购买</a><br/>
5 ajax开发   <a href='/JavaWeb_Session_Study_20140720/servlet/BuyServlet;jsessionid=96BDFB9D87A08D5AB1EAA2537CDE2DB2?id=5'>购买</a><br/>

　　所以，当浏览器禁用了cookie后，就可以用URL重写这种解决方案解决Session数据共享问题。而且response. encodeRedirectURL(java.lang.String url) 和response. encodeURL(java.lang.String url)是两个非常智能的方法，当检测到浏览器没有禁用cookie时，那么就不进行URL重写了。我们在没有禁用cookie的火狐浏览器下访问，效果如下：

　　从演示动画中可以看到，浏览器第一次访问时，服务器创建Session，然后将Session的Id以Cookie的形式发送回给浏览器，response. encodeURL(java.lang.String url)方法也将URL进行了重写，当点击刷新按钮第二次访问，由于火狐浏览器没有禁用cookie，所以第二次访问时带上了cookie，此时服务器就可以知道当前的客户端浏览器并没有禁用cookie，那么就通知response. encodeURL(java.lang.String url)方法不用将URL进行重写了。