一 概念
二 select
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int select(int nfds, fd_set *readfds, fd_set *writefds,
fd_set *exceptfds, struct timeval *timeout);
void FD_CLR(int fd, fd_set *set);
int FD_ISSET(int fd, fd_set *set);
void FD_SET(int fd, fd_set *set);
void FD_ZERO(fd_set *set);
三 小例子
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define TIMEOUT 5 /* select timeout in seconds */
#define BUF_LEN 1024 /* read buffer in bytes */
int main (void)
{
struct timeval tv;
fd_set readfds;
int ret;
/* Wait on stdin for input. */
FD_ZERO(&readfds);
FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &readfds);
/* Wait up to five seconds. */
tv.tv_sec = TIMEOUT;
tv.tv_usec = 0;
/* All right, now block! */
ret = select (STDIN_FILENO + 1,
&readfds,
NULL,
NULL,
&tv);
if (ret == -1)
{
perror ("select");
return 1;
}
else if (!ret)
{
printf ("%d seconds elapsed.\n", TIMEOUT);
return 0;
}
/*
* Is our file descriptor ready to read?
* (It must be, as it was the only fd that
* we provided and the call returned
* nonzero, but we will humor ourselves.)
*/
if (FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &readfds))
{
char buf[BUF_LEN+1];
int len;
/* guaranteed to not block */
len = read (STDIN_FILENO, buf, BUF_LEN);
if (len == -1)
{
perror ("read");
return 1;
}
if (len)
{
buf[len] = '\0';
printf ("read: %s\n", buf);
}
return 0;
}
fprintf (stderr, "This should not happen!\n");
return 1;
}