手动搭建SpringBoot项目步骤详解

1. 新建项目

1.1 新建Maven项目

1.2 将maven的settings和repsitory设置为自己的本地文件

 1.3 settiings.xml配置文件如下，此处用阿里云镜像地址

<localRepository>D:\Java\apache-maven-3.9.1\conf\repository</localRepository>

<mirror>
      <id>alimaven</id>
      <name>alivun maven</name>
      <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url><mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
    </mirror>

    <mirror>
      <id>maven-default-http-blocker</id>
      <mirrorOf>external:http:*</mirrorOf>
      <name>Pseudo repository to mirror external repositories initially using HTTP.</name>
      <url>http://0.0.0.0/</url>
      <blocked>true</blocked>
    </mirror>

1.4 从SpringBoot官网选择合适的版本（Spring Boot )

注意商业支持结束的日期，选择该日期前的，最好不用最新版本，不然引入依赖容易出问题

1.5 引入pom依赖(https://mvnrepository.com/)

1.5.1 搜索依赖

 1.5.2 选择usages较多的版本

 1.5.3 在pom.xml（Project Object Model，项目对象模型）中引入相关依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.xxxx</groupId>
    <artifactId>project0605</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.druid.version>1.2.16</project.druid.version>
        <project.mybatis.version>2.2.2</project.mybatis.version>
    </properties>

    <!--起步依赖-->
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.6.14</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        <!--web项目依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--druid数据源-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <!--版本号放在properties-project.druid.version中，易于替换，然后此处用${}的形式引用即可-->
            <version>${project.druid.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis，版本号引用方式跟druid同-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>${project.mybatis.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--junit单元测试,注意同步引入spring-boot-starter-test-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!--maven插件，提供打包成jar包等功能-->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

1.6 配置application.yml文件来控制选择具体环境配置文件

application.yml文件配置（总控，通过active来具体选择配置文件）

spring:
  profiles:
    active: dev

可供选择的其余yml文件分别有：

dev开发环境port：9090，prod运行环境prot：9092，test测试环境port：9091

其中application-dev.yml文件的配置

server:
  port: 9090
#  servlet:
#    context-path: /xxx

spring:
  datasource:
    druid:
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
      url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3307/emp_db
      username: root
      password: ******
      
mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.xxxx.entity #使用别名
  mapper-locations: classpath:mappers/*.mapper.xml #mapper.xml文件的位置
  configuration:
    log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl #配置日志

2. 项目搭建

2.1 项目结构

2.2 配置文件 

2.2.1 PetMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.xxxx.mapper.PetMapper">

    <select id="selectAllPets" resultType="pet">
        select *
        from pet_db
    </select>

</mapper>

2.2.2 PetController

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api")
public class PetController {

    @Autowired
    private PetServiceImpl petService;

    @GetMapping("/pet/findAll")
    @ResponseBody
    public List<Pet> selectAllPets(){
        return petService.selectAllPets();
    }
}

2.2.3 XxxxApplication

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.xxxx.mapper")
public class XxxxApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(XxxxApplication.class);
    }
}

2.2.4 PetServiceImplTest（junit单元测试，用于测试ServiceImpl）

注意此处@Test 引入的包是org.junit.Test

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class PetServiceImplTest {

    @Autowired
    private PetServiceImpl petService;

    @Test
    public void selectAllPets() {
        System.out.println(petService.selectAllPets());
    }
}

2.2.5 tips:

banner.txt中可以贴入“ascii艺术字”内容用以修改SpringBoot启动图像

关于动物的ascii艺术字，自定义Spring Boot 动物 banner下载，各种有意思的banner、ascii图案，还有中文文字banner，作为Spring Boot和终端命令行banner会让项目更有意思。-bootschool.net