静态路由实验：

一.实验拓扑：

 

二实验需求：

1.除了R5的环回地址固定5.5.5.0/24，其他网段基于192.168.1.0/24进行合理划分；
2.R1-R4每个路由器存在两个环回接口，模拟PC，地址也在192.168.1.0/24网络内；
3.R1-R4不能直接编写到达5.5.5.0/24的静态路由，但依然可以访问；
4.全网可达，尽量减少每台路由器路由条目数量，避免环路；
5.R4与R5间，正常1000M链路通信，故障时自动改为100M；  

三.实验步骤：

步骤1.按要求划分网段：

192.168.1.0/24  划分5个大网段

（1）192.168.1.0000 0000-----192.168.1.0/27----6条链路

1. 192.168.1.0000 0000-----192.168.1.0/30
2. 192.168.1.0000 0100-----192.168.1.4/30
3. 192.168.1.0000 1000-----192.168.1.8/30
4. 192.168.1.0000 1100-----192.168.1.12/30
5. 192.168.1.0001 0000-----192.168.1.16/30
6. 192.168.1.0001 0100-----192.168.1.20/30
7. 192.168.1.0001 1000
8. 192.168.1.0001 1100

（2）192.168.1.0010 0000-----192.168.1.32/27----R1环回口

192.168.1.0010 0000----192.168.1.32/28---L0

192.168.1.0011 0000----192.168.1.48/28---L1

（3）192.168.1.0100 0000-----192.168.1.64/27----R2环回口

192.168.1.0100 0000----192.168.1.64/28---L0

192.168.1.0101 0000----192.168.1.80/28---L1

（4）192.168.1.0110 0000-----192.168.1.96/27----R3环回口

192.168.1.0110 0000----192.168.1.96/28---L0

192.168.1.0111 0000----192.168.1.112/28---L1

（5）192.168.1.1000 0000-----192.168.1.128/27----R4环回口

192.168.1.1000 0000----192.168.1.128/28---L0

192.168.1.1001 0000----192.168.1.144/28---L1

（6）192.168.1.1010 0000-----192.168.1.160/27

（7）192.168.1.1100 0000-----192.168.1.192/27

（8）192.168.1.1110 0000-----192.168.1.224/27

步骤2.配置ip地址

R1 int g0/0/0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.5 30
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.2 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.9 30

[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.13 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.5 30

[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.10 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.14 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.17 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g4/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.21 30
[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.18 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.22 30

步骤3.配置回环接口

[R1]int LoopBack 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.33 28
[R1]int loopback 1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.49 28
[R2]int loopback 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.65 28

[R2]int loopback 1
[R2-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.81 28
[R3]int loopback 0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.97 28
[R3-LoopBack0]quit
[R3]int loopback 1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.113 28
[R4]int loopback 0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.129 28
[R4-LoopBack0]quit
[R4]int loopback 1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.145 28[R5]int loopback 0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 24

步骤4.配置静态路由

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21
 

步骤5配置缺省路由并测试

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22

 步骤5.防环，做黑洞路由配置

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 null0
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 null0
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 null0
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 null0
步骤6.做备份，通过改变路由条目实现

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference  61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21 preference  61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21 preference  61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21 preference  61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21 preference  61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21 preference  61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21 preference  61

步骤7.测试，观察1000Mb/s链路故障时，数据能否走100Mb/s