目录
一:拦截器
1.拦截器介绍
拦截器(Interceptor)是一种动态拦截方法调用的机制,在SpringMVC中动态拦截控制器方法的执行
作用:
在指定的方法调用前后执行预先设定的代码
阻止原始方法的执行
总结:增强
核心原理:AOP思想
工作流程:
二:快速入门
1.编写拦截器类:
package com.lcyy.interceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class ProjectInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
//原始方法调用前执行的内容
//返回值类型可以拦截控制的执行,true放行,false终止
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
System.out.println("前置拦截");
return true;
}
//原始方法调用后执行的内容
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
System.out.println("后置拦截");
}
//原始方法调用完成后执行的内容
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
System.out.println("最终拦截");
}
}
2.配置加载拦截器
第一种方法是继承WebMvcConfigurationSupport
@Configuration
public class SpringMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
@Autowired
private ProjectInterceptor projectInterceptor;
@Override
protected void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
//配置拦截器
registry.addInterceptor(projectInterceptor)
.addPathPatterns("/books","/books/*");
}
}
第二种方法为实现WebMvcConfigurer
@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.lcyy.controller"})
@EnableWebMvc//开启json
//实现WebMvcConfigurer接口可以简化开发,但具有一定的侵入性
public class SpringMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Autowired
private ProjectInterceptor projectInterceptor;
@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
//配置多拦截器
registry.addInterceptor(projectInterceptor)
.addPathPatterns("/books","/books/*");
}
}
测试结果:
3.SpringMVC工作流程
三:拦截器与过滤器的区别
归属不同:Filter属于Servlet技术,Interceptor属于SpringMVC技术
拦截内容不同:Filter对所有访问进行增强,Interceptor仅针对SpringMVC的访问进行增强
二:整合SSM
一:导入相关的依赖:
1.导入springmvc依赖
<!-- springmvc依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.31</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3</version>
</dependency>
2.导入数据源依赖
<!-- 数据源依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.2.18</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.32</version>
</dependency>
3. 导入mybatis依赖
<!-- mybatis依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.31</version>
</dependency>
4.导入JSON依赖
<!-- 开启JSON-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
5.导入单元测试依赖
<!-- 添加单元测试工具JUnit-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.3.31</version>
</dependency>
6.编写jdbc.properties配置文件
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ssm_db?useSSL=false
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=zhien0516
7.准备数据库
二:编写配置类
1.SpringConfig类
package com.lcyy.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;
@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.lcyy.service"})
@PropertySource("classpath:jdbc.properties")
@Import({JdbcConfig.class, MybatisConfig.class})
@EnableTransactionManagement//开启Spring事务管理
public class SpringConfig {
}
2.SpringMVCConfig类
package com.lcyy.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
@Configuration//表示配置类
@ComponentScan("com.lcyy.controller")
@EnableWebMvc//开启JSON
public class SpringMVCConfig {
}
3.ServletConfig类
package com.lcyy.config;
import org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
public class ServletConfig extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
@Override
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String[]{"/"};
}
@Override
protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{SpringConfig.class};
}
@Override
protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{SpringMVCConfig.class};
}
//解决中文乱码问题(输入流)
@Override
protected Filter[] getServletFilters() {
CharacterEncodingFilter filter = new CharacterEncodingFilter();
filter.setEncoding("utf-8");
return new Filter[]{filter};
}
}
4.JdbcConfig类
package com.lcyy.config;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
public class JdbcConfig {
@Value("${jdbc.driver}")
private String driver;
@Value("${jdbc.url}")
private String url;
@Value("${jdbc.username}")
private String username;
@Value("${jdbc.password}")
private String password;
@Bean
public DataSource dataSource(){
DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
dataSource.setDriverClassName(driver);
dataSource.setUrl(url);
dataSource.setUsername(username);
dataSource.setPassword(password);
return dataSource;
}
//开启事务,spring提供的事务切面类,里面增强了事务管理功能,里面有事务提交和事务回滚功能
@Bean
public PlatformTransactionManager platformTransactionManager(DataSource dataSource){
DataSourceTransactionManager transactionManager = new DataSourceTransactionManager();
transactionManager.setDataSource(dataSource);
return transactionManager;
}
}
5.MybatisConfig类
package com.lcyy.config;
import org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
public class MybatisConfig {
//创建工厂
@Bean
public SqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactoryBean(DataSource dataSource){
SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
bean.setDataSource(dataSource);
//封装到的实体类
bean.setTypeAliasesPackage("com.lcyy.pojo");
Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
//设置驼峰命名
configuration.setMapUnderscoreToCamelCase(true);
//设置打印日志
configuration.setLogImpl(StdOutImpl.class);
bean.setConfiguration(configuration);
return bean;
}
//扫包
@Bean
public MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer(){
MapperScannerConfigurer configurer = new MapperScannerConfigurer();
configurer.setBasePackage("com.lcyy.dao");
return configurer;
}
}
三:编写pojo层(实体类)
package com.lcyy.pojo;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class Book {
private Integer id;
private String type;
private String name;
private String description;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getDescription() {
return description;
}
public void setDescription(String description) {
this.description = description;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Book{" +
"id=" + id +
", type='" + type + '\'' +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", description='" + description + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
四:编写dao层(持久层)
package com.lcyy.dao;
import com.lcyy.pojo.Book;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Delete;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Update;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookDao {
// //增
// @Insert("insert into tbl_book values (null,#{type},#{name},#{description})")
@Insert("insert into tbl_book (type,name,description) values(#{type},#{name},#{description})")
int save(Book book);
//删
@Delete("delete from tbl_book where id=#{id}")
int delete(Integer id);
//改
@Update("update tbl_book set name=#{name},type=#{type},description=#{description} where id=#{id}")
int update(Book book);
//查
//根据id查询
@Select("select * from tbl_book where id=#{id}")
Book getById(Integer id);
//查所有
@Select("select * from tbl_book")
List<Book> getAll();
}
五:编写service层(业务层)
1.接口
package com.lcyy.service;
import com.lcyy.pojo.Book;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import java.util.List;
@Transactional //表示所有方法进行事务管理
public interface BookService {
/**
* 保存
* @param book
* @return
*/
public boolean save(Book book);
/**
* 修改
* @param book
* @return
*/
public boolean update(Book book);
/**
* 按id删除
* @param id
* @return
*/
public boolean delete(Integer id);
/**
* 按id查询
* @param id
* @return
*/
public Book getById(Integer id);
/**
* 查询全部
* @return
*/
public List<Book> getAll();
}
2.实现类
package com.lcyy.service.impl;
import com.lcyy.dao.BookDao;
import com.lcyy.pojo.Book;
import com.lcyy.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
@Autowired
private BookDao bookDao;
//增
public boolean save(Book book) {
bookDao.save(book);
return true;
}
//改
public boolean update(Book book) {
bookDao.update(book);
return true;
}
//删
public boolean delete(Integer id) {
bookDao.delete(id);
return true;
}
//查
public Book getById(Integer id) {
return bookDao.getById(id);
}
public List<Book> getAll() {
return bookDao.getAll();
}
}
六:测试类
在test包下建立一个测试类的包
package com.lcyy.BookServiceTest;
import com.lcyy.config.SpringMVCConfig;
import com.lcyy.pojo.Book;
import com.lcyy.service.BookService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = SpringMVCConfig.class)
public class BookServiceTset {
@Autowired
private BookService bookService;
@Test
public void testGetById(){
Book id = bookService.getById(1);
System.out.println("id = " + id);
}
}
三:总结
SSM是标准的MVC模式,SpringMVC为表示层,Spring为业务层,Mybatis为持久层,同时将系统划分为三层分别是:controller层、service层、dao层
dao层(持久层):主要是做数据持久层的工作,负责与数据库进行联络的一些任务都封装在这。
首先设计dao层的接口;
然后在spring的配置文件中定义此接口的实体类;
然后就可以在模块中调用此接口来进行数据业务的处理,而不用关心此接口的具体实体类是哪个
service层(业务层):Service层主要负责业务模块的逻辑应⽤设计
首先设计接口,在设计实体类
接着在spring的配置文件中配置其实现的关联;
service层的业务实现,具体要调用到以定义的dao层的接口;
封装service层的业务逻辑有利于通用的业务逻辑的独立性和重复利用性,
controller层(表现层):Controller层负责具体的业务模块流程的控制
调用service层的接口来控制业务流程;
控制的配置也同样是在spring的配置文件中进行,针对具体的业务流程,会有不同的控制器,我们具体的设计过程中可以将流程进⾏ 抽象归纳,设计出可以重复利⽤的⼦单元流程模块,这样不仅使程序结构变得清晰,也⼤⼤减少了代码量。