基本配置
R1
[Huawei]sys R1
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.12.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loo 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 11.11.11.11 32
[R1-LoopBack0]q
R2
[Huawei]sys R2
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.12.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.23.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int loo 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 32
[R2-LoopBack0]q
R3
[Huawei]sys R3
[R3]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.23.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.34.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int loo 0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 32
[R3-LoopBack0]q
R4
[Huawei]sys R4
[R4]int g0/0/2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.34.4 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.45.4 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loo 0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 32
[R4-LoopBack0]q
R5
[Huawei]sys R5
[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.45.5 24
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loo 0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 55.55.55.55 32
[R5-LoopBack0]q
OSPF配置
R2
[R2]ospf rou 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 192.168.23.2 0.0.0.0
R3
[R3]ospf rou 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf
-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 192.168.23.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 192.168.34.3 0.0.0.0
R4
[R4]ospf rou 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]area 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 192.168.34.4 0.0.0.0
ospf配置完成后。可以在R3查看邻居,如下
BGP配置
R1
[R1]bgp 100
[R1-bgp]peer 192.168.12.2 as 234
R2
[R2]bgp 234
[R2-bgp]peer 192.168.12.1 as 100
[R2-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as 234
[R2-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface loo 0
R5
[R5]bgp 500
[R5-bgp]peer 192.168.45.4 as 234
R4
[R4]bgp 234
[R4-bgp]peer 192.168.45.5 as 500
[R4-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as 234
[R4-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface loo 0
对等体状态如下
宣告相关路由
R1
[R1]bgp 100
[R1-bgp]network 11.11.11.11 32
R5
[R5]bgp 500
[R5-bgp]network 55.55.55.55 32
注:宣告要宣告的路由,不要乱宣告
注:因为从EBGP对等体收到的路由默认不改变下一跳,应修改下一跳为本地
R2
[R2]bgp 234
[R2-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 next-hop-local
R4
[R4]bgp 234
[R4-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 next-hop-local
结果如下
现在用11.11.11.11ping55.55.55.55,是不通的,因为R3存在路由黑洞(即无11.11.11.11和55.55.55.55的路由)
方法一:静态路由
R3
[R3]ip route-static 11.11.11.11 32 g0/0/1 192.168.23.2
[R3]ip route-static 55.55.55.55 32 g0/0/2 192.168.34.4
结果如下
方法二:IBGP全互联
[R3]undo ip route-static 11.11.11.11 32 g0/0/1 192.168.23.2
[R3]undo ip route-static 55.55.55.55 32 g0/0/2 192.168.34.4
R3
[R3]bgp 234
[R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as 234
[R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface loo 0
[R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as 234
[R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface loo 0
R2
[R2]bgp 234
[R2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as 234
[R2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface loo 0
[R2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 next-hop-local
R4
[R4]bgp 234
[R4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as 234
[R4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface loo 0
[R4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 next-hop-local
结果如下
方法三:import-route
[R2-bgp]undo peer 3.3.3.3
[R3]undo bgp 234
Warning: All BGP configurations will be deleted. Continue? [Y/N]: y
[R4-bgp]undo peer 3.3.3.3
R2
[R2]ospf
[R2-ospf-1]import-route bgp type 1
R4
[R4]ospf
[R4-ospf-1]import-route bgp type 1
结果如下
方法四:GRE隧道
[R2-ospf-1]undo import-route bgp
[R4-ospf-1]undo import-route bgp
R2
[R2]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
Info: Relevant configurations on this interface are deleted.
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 192.168.24.2 24
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]source 192.168.23.2
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 192.168.34.4
[R2]ip route-static 55.55.55.55 32 Tunnel 0/0/0
R4
[R4]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
Info: Relevant configurations on this interface are deleted.
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 192.168.24.4 24
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]source 192.168.34.4
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 192.168.23.2
[R4]ip route-static 11.11.11.11 32 Tunnel 0/0/0
结果如下
方法五:MPLS隧道
[R2]undo int t0/0/0
[R4]undo int t0/0/0
R2
[R2]mpls lsr-id 2.2.2.2
[R2]mpls
Info: Mpls starting, please wait... OK!
[R2-mpls]mpls ldp
[R2-mpls-ldp]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]mpls
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]mpls ldp
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R2]route recursive-lookup tunnel
R3
[R3]mpls lsr-id 3.3.3.3
[R3]mpls
Info: Mpls starting, please wait... OK!
[R3-mpls]mpls ldp
[R3-mpls-ldp]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]mpls
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]mpls ldp
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]mpls
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]mpls ldp
R4
[R4]mpls lsr-id 4.4.4.4
[R4]mpls
Info: Mpls starting, please wait... OK!
[R4-mpls]mpls ldp
[R4-mpls-ldp]int g0/0/2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]mpls
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]mpls ldp
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R4]route recursive-lookup tunnel
结果如下