一、IP规划
利用OSPF做到AS 2 内部全网可达,将R2的环回接口、g 0/0/0接口,R3,R4,R7的g 0/0/1接口划分为area 0,R2的g 0/0/2接口,R5,R6,R7的环回接口、g 0/0/2接口划分为area 1。
先将172.16.0.0/16先划分为2个子网:172.16.0.0/17,172.16.128.0/17,再将以上2个子网化分为8个子网:
172.16.0.0/20(骨干),172.16.16.0/20(R2),172.16.32.0/20(R3),172.16.48.0/20(R4),172.16.64.0/20,172.16.80.0/20,172.16.96.0/20,172.16.112.0/20;
172.16.128.0/20(骨干),172.16.144.0/20(R5),172.16.160.0/20(R6),172.16.176.0/20(R7),172.16.192.0/20,172.16.208.0/20,172.16.224.0/20,172.16.240.0/20。
R1-R2:12.0.0.0/24
R7-R8:78.0.0.0/24
R1-R8:18.0.0.0/24(虚拟隧道网段)
另:R2,R3,R4,R5,R6,R7各配置一个环回用于IBGP建邻。
二、配置合法IP
R1:
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 12.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack1
ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
R2:
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.252
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 12.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 172.16.128.1 255.255.255.252
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 172.16.16.1 255.255.240.0
#
interface LoopBack1
ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
R3:
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 172.16.0.5 255.255.255.252
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 172.16.0.2 255.255.255.252
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 172.16.32.1 255.255.240.0
#
interface LoopBack1
ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
R4:
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 172.16.0.9 255.255.255.252
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 172.16.0.6 255.255.255.252
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 172.16.48.1 255.255.240.0
#
interface LoopBack1
ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.0
R5:
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 172.16.128.5 255.255.255.252
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 172.16.128.2 255.255.255.252
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 172.16.144.1 255.255.240.0
#
interface LoopBack1
ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.0
R6:
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 172.16.128.9 255.255.255.252
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 172.16.128.6 255.255.255.252
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 172.16.160.1 255.255.240.0
#
interface LoopBack1
ip address 6.6.6.6 255.255.255.0
R7:
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 78.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 172.16.0.10 255.255.255.252
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 172.16.128.10 255.255.255.252
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 172.16.176.1 255.255.240.0
#
interface LoopBack1
ip address 7.7.7.7 255.255.255.0
R8:
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 78.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack1
ip address 11.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
二、基于IGP实现路由可达
R2为边界路由器,可以进行区域汇总:
ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
area 0.0.0.0
abr-summary 172.16.0.0 255.255.128.0
network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
network 172.16.0.0 0.0.127.255
area 0.0.0.1
abr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.128.0
network 172.16.128.0 0.0.127.255
汇总后配置空接口:ip route-static 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 NULL0
R3:
ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
area 0.0.0.0
network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
network 172.16.0.0 0.0.127.255
R4:
ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
area 0.0.0.0
network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
network 172.16.0.0 0.0.127.255
R5:
ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
area 0.0.0.1
network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0
network 172.16.128.0 0.0.127.255
R6:
ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
area 0.0.0.1
network 6.6.6.6 0.0.0.0
network 172.16.128.0 0.0.127.255
R7为边界路由器,也可以进行区域汇总:
ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
area 0.0.0.0
abr-summary 172.16.0.0 255.255.128.0
network 172.16.0.0 0.0.127.255
area 0.0.0.1
abr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.128.0
network 7.7.7.7 0.0.0.0
network 172.16.128.0 0.0.127.255
汇总后配置空接口:ip route-static 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 NULL0
三、BGP的对等体的建立
R1与R2为EBGP对等体关系,采用直连建邻;
R2与R3,R3与R4为IBGP对等体关系,采用环回建邻;
R2与R5为联邦的EBGP对等体关系,采用环回建邻;
R5与R6,R6与R7为IBGP对等体关系,采用环回建邻;
R7与R8为EBGP对等体关系,采用直连建邻,具体配置如下:
R1:
bgp 1
router-id 1.1.1.1
peer 12.0.0.2 as-number 2
R2:
bgp 64512
router-id 2.2.2.2
confederation id 2
confederation peer-as 64513
peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 64512
peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack1
peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 64513
peer 5.5.5.5 ebgp-max-hop 255
peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack1
peer 12.0.0.1 as-number 1
R3:
bgp 64512
confederation id 2
peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 64512
peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack1
peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 64512
peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack1
R4:
bgp 64512
confederation id 2
confederation peer-as 64513
peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 64512
peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack1
peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 64513
peer 7.7.7.7 ebgp-max-hop 255
peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack1
R5:
bgp 64513
confederation id 2
confederation peer-as 64512
peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 64512
peer 2.2.2.2 ebgp-max-hop 255
peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack1
peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 64513
peer 6.6.6.6 connect-interface LoopBack1
R6:
bgp 64513
confederation id 2
peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 64513
peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack1
peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 64513
peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack1
R7:
bgp 64513
router-id 7.7.7.7
confederation id 2
confederation peer-as 64512
peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 64512
peer 4.4.4.4 ebgp-max-hop 255
peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack1
peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 64513
peer 6.6.6.6 connect-interface LoopBack1
peer 78.0.0.2 as-number 3
R8:
bgp 3
router-id 8.8.8.8
peer 78.0.0.1 as-number 2
四、BGP的路由发布
(1)通过network发布路由
[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]network 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0
[R8]bgp 3
[R8-bgp]network 11.0.0.0 255.255.255.0
(2)使用重发布发布路由
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]import-route static
[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]import-route static
(3)配置路由反射器
[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 reflect-client
[R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 reflect-client
[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 reflect-client
[R6-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 reflect-client
五、建立R1——R8的GRE环境
interface Tunnel0/0/0
ip address 18.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
tunnel-protocol gre
source 10.0.0.1
destination 11.0.0.1
interface Tunnel0/0/0
ip address 18.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
tunnel-protocol gre
source 11.0.0.1
destination 10.0.0.1