springmvc框架

1.mvc架构

mvc架构它是一个编程思想，把程序划分成三部分、model模型层View视图层controller控制层

2.springmvc框架

springmvc框架就是按照上面三层架构的思想设计的一款框架，接收浏览器请求数据，对数据进行处理，然后返回页面进行显示== 类似：servlet

3.创建springmvc的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
     <!--包扫描-->
     <context:component-scan base-package="com.ykq.controller"/>

     <!--开启注解驱动-->
     <mvc:annotation-driven/>

     <!--视图解析-->
     <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
           <property name="prefix" value="/views/"/>
           <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
     </bean>
</beans>

3.1注册servlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <!--注册DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc01</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <!--classpath编译后的路径-->
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <!--servlet映射 /表示任意路径 -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc01</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

4.运行流程

 *     1. 客户端发生请求http://localhost:8080/hello
 *     2. 来到tomcat服务器。
 *     3. springmvc的前端控制器DipatcherServlet接受所有的请求。
 *     4. 查看你的请求地址和哪个@RequestMaping匹配。
 *     5. 执行对应的方法。方法会返回一个字符串。    
 *     6. springmvc把该字符串解析【视图解析器】为要转发的网页。把该字符串经过视图解析器拼接。/prefix/字符串.后缀
 *     7. 拿到拼接的地址，找到对应的网页。
 *     8. 渲染该网页给客户

5.如果出现中文乱码问题

只能使用编码过滤器

@WebFilter("/*")
public class EncodingFilter implements Filter {


    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

    }

    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        chain.doFilter(request,response);
    }

    public void destroy() {

    }
}

使用spring提供的编码过滤器

<!--注册编码过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>