静态路由实验

一、实验拓扑

二、实验需求

1、R6为ISP,接口P地址均为公有地址,该设备只能配置P地址,之后不能再对其进行任何配置;
2、R1-R5为局域网,私有P地址192.168.1.0/24,合理分配;
3、R1、R2、R4,各有两个环回P地址;R5,R6各有一个环回地址;所有路由器上环回均代表连接用户的接口;
4、R3下面的两台PC通过DHCP自动获取P地址;
5、选路最佳,路由表尽量小,避免环路;
6、R1-R5均可以访问R6的环回;
7、R6telnetR5的公有地址时,实际登录到R1上;
8、R4与R5正常通过1000M链路,故障时通过100m链路;

三、实验思路

    1.从实验拓扑结构可知，R1-R5为内网（私网），R6为外网（公网），R3下的PC端均需要用DHCP自动获取，R1-R5之间的链路总共有6条，每一条链路均需要一条网段 ，R1、R2、R4、R5均拥有环回接口，每一个环回都需要配一个网段，并且部分环回还需要方便汇总，所以可以将192.168.1.0/24划分为8个网段。划分结果在拓扑图中可知

2、配置DHCP,使R3下面的两台PC通过DHCP自动获取P地址。
3、编写除了到连1.0.0.0/24之外,到达其他网段的静态路由。
4、配置缺省路由,实现到1.0.0.0/24互通。此时实现内网通;
在R5路由器上配置nat,可用esayip,此时实现全网通
5、做汇总,做防环,做黑洞路由配置
6、做备份,通过改变路由条目优先级实现
7、测试,观察1000Mb/s链路故障时,数据能否走100Mb/s链路。
8、R6telnetR5的公有地址时,实际登录到R1上,在R1上配置telnet
服务,通过natserver发布到R5的公网接口。
四、实验步骤

1、配置IP地址
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEtheret0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.130
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthermet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.530
R1]int 10
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add192.168.1.3328
R1-LoopBack0]int11
[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.4928
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.230
R2-GigabitEtheinet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.930
[R2]int 10[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.65 28

[R2-LoopBack0]int l1[R2-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.81[R2-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.81 28

[R3]int g0/0/0

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.6 30

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.13 30

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.97 27

 2、配置R3的DHCP

R3]dhcp enable
[R3]ip pool aa
[R3-ip-pool-aa]network192.168.1.96 mask27
[R3-ip-pool-aa]gateway-list 192.168.1.97
[R3-ip-pool-aa]dns-list114.114.114.1148.8.8.8
[R3-ip-p0ol-aa]quit
R3]intg0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global

 

3、配置除了到达1.0.0.0/24之外的静态路由
[R1]iproute-static192.168.1.6427192.168.1.2
[R1]iproute-static192.168.1.830192.168.1.2
[R1]iproute-static192.168.1.9627192.168.1.6
[R1]iproute-static192.168.1.1230192.168.1.6
[R1]iproute-static192.1681.1630192.168.1.2
[R1]iproute-static192.168.1.2030192.168.1.2
[R1]iproute-static192.168.1.1630192.168.1.6
[R1]iproute-static192.168.1.2030192.168.1.6
[R1]iproute-static192.168.1.12830192.168.1.6
[R1]iproute-static192.168.1.12830192.168.1.2
[R1]iproute-static192.168.1.16027192.168.1.2
[R1]iproute-static192.168.1.16027192.168.1.6

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1

 

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.18

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.22

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21

测试：

 4.配置全网通

1.配置缺省路由，实现到1.0.0.0/24互通。实现内网通

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6

 [R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22

[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.0.0.6

2.在R5路由器上配置nat

[R5]acl 2000

[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255

[R5]int g0/0/1

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat outbound 2000

测试全网通

5、防环做黑洞路由配置

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0

6、做备份

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference
61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference
61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference
61
[R5]ip route-static192.168.1.12 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference
61

[R5]ip route-static192.168.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 preference
61

 [R5]ip route-static192.168.1.64 255.255.255.254 192.168.1.21 preference
61

[R5]ip route-static192.168.1.96 255.255.255.2524192.168.1.21 preference
61 

[R5]ip route-static192.168.1.128  255.255.255.254 192.168.1.21 preference
61 

路由表变化图

 7、R6 telnetR5的公有地址时,实际登录到R1上

[R1-aaa]local-user njg password cipher nig12345 privilege level 15

[R5]int g0/0/1

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23 ins

ide 192.168.1.1 23