数据库MySQL学习笔记2-通用语法及分类

1.SQL通用语法

;
空格/缩进
不区分大小写，关键字建议大写
注释：
	单行：-- 或 #
	多行：/* 注释内容 */

2.SQL分类

DDL
DML
DQL
DCL

3.DDL语句

3.1 DDL-数据库操作

3.2 DDL-表-查询

mysql> use itcast;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create table tb_user(
    -> id int comment '编号',
    -> name varchar(50) comment '姓名',
    -> age int comment '年龄',
    -> gender varchar(1) comment '性别'
    -> ) comment '用户表';

mysql> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_itcast |
+------------------+
| tb_user          |
+------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> desc tb_user;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field  | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id     | int         | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| name   | varchar(50) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| age    | int         | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| gender | varchar(1)  | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> show create table user_table;
ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'itcast.user_table' doesn't exist
mysql> show create table tb_user;
+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table   | Create Table

                                                              |
+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| tb_user | CREATE TABLE `tb_user` (
  `id` int DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '编号',
  `name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '姓名',
  `age` int DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '年龄',
  `gender` varchar(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别'
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci COMMENT='用户表' |
+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

3.3 DDL-表-数据类型

1)数值
2)字符串
3)日期时间