单链表学生信息管理

  在学习了单链表的增删查改后，可以写一个简单的学生信息管理程序，但与真正的管理系统相比，它只是一个雏形，还差了很多内容，它还没有和文件联系在一起，因此对于里面输入的数据无法保存。

下来直接看代码，详细注释都在代码中。

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1       
#pragma warning(disable:6031)          //避免scanf返回值被忽略的警告
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

struct Student {
	char XH[20];        //学号
	char name[40];       //姓名
	int sumscore;         //总分
	struct Student* next;
};
void getInput(struct Student* student); //输入学生信息
void printStudent(struct Student* student); //打印学生信息
void addStudent(struct Student** contacts); //增
void changeStudent(struct Student* contacts); //改
void delStudent(struct Student** contacts); //删
struct Student* findStudent(struct Student* contacts); //查
void displayContacts(struct Student* contacts); //全部列出
void releaseContacts(struct Student** contacts); //销毁链表

void getInput(struct Student* student) { //输入学生信息
	printf("请输入姓名,学号，总成绩（用空格隔开）:");//将学生信息放在一行，节省空间，较为美观
	scanf("%s %s %d", &student->name,&student->XH,&student->sumscore);
}
void addStudent(struct Student** contacts) { //增
	struct Student* student;
	struct Student* temp;
	student = (struct Student*)malloc(sizeof(struct Student));

	if (student == NULL) {
		printf("malloc fair!");
		exit(1);
	}
	getInput(student);

	if (*contacts != NULL) {
		temp = *contacts;
		*contacts = student;
		student->next = temp;

	}
	else {
		*contacts = student;
		student->next = NULL;
	}
}
void printStudent(struct Student* student) { //打印学生信息
	printf("学生姓名:%s  学号:%s  总成绩:%d", student->name,student->XH,student->sumscore);
	printf("\n");
}
struct Student* findStudent(struct Student* contacts) {
	struct Student* current;
	char input[20] = { 0 };
	printf("请输入学生姓名:");
	scanf("%s", &input);
	current = contacts;

	while (current != NULL && strcmp(current->name, input)) {
		current = current->next;
	}
	return current;
}
void changeStudent(struct Student* contacts) { //改
	struct Student* student;
	student = findStudent(contacts);

	if (student == NULL) {
		printf("该学生不存在！\n");

	}
	else {
		printf("请输入新的学生信息:");
		scanf("%d", &student->sumscore);
	}
}
void delStudent(struct Student** contacts) { //删
	struct Student* student;
	struct Student* current;
	struct Student* previous;
	//找到待删除的结点指针
	student = findStudent(*contacts);
	if (student == NULL) {
		printf("找不到该学生！\n");
	}
	else {
		current = *contacts;
		previous = NULL;
		//current定位到待删除的结点

		while (current != NULL && current != student) {
			previous = current;
			current = current->next;
		}if (current == NULL)
		{
			exit(-1);
		}else if (previous == NULL) {
			//待删除的结点是第一个结点
			*contacts = current->next;

		}else {
			//待删除的结点不是第一个结点
			previous->next = current->next;
		}
		free(student);
	}
}
void displayContacts(struct Student* contacts) {   //列出全部学生的信息
	struct Student* current;
	current = contacts;
	while (current != NULL) {
		printStudent(current);
		current = current->next;
	}
}
void releaseContacts(struct Student** contacts) {       //退出登录
	struct Student* temp;
	while (*contacts != NULL) {
		temp = *contacts;
		*contacts =(*contacts)->next;
		free(temp);
	}
}
int main(void) {
	long password;
	printf("                                 请输入登录密码:");
	scanf("%ld", &password);     
	if (password != 521412) {    //这个密码可以自己设定，此处示例
	printf("                                    密码错误!\n");//如果密码错误，则就此退出
	}
	else {
	printf("                                    登录成功!\n");
	system("pause");   //暂停操作，此时按任意键可以继续
	system("cls");      //清屏操作，之前的内容不显示，system()函数存在于stblib.h这个头文件里
		int code;
		struct Student* contacts = NULL;
		struct Student* student;
		printf("                   * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *\n");//菜单界面
		printf("                   *                      欢迎使用学生信息管理程序                     *\n");
		printf("                   *                            1.插入学生信息                         *\n");
		printf("                   *                            2.查找学生信息                         *\n");
		printf("                   *                            3.更改学生信息                         *\n");
		printf("                   *                            4.删除学生信息                         *\n");
		printf("                   *                            5.显示当前信息系统                     *\n");
		printf("                   *                            6.退出当前信息系统                     *\n");
		printf("                   * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *\n");
		while (1) {
			printf("请输入指令代码:");
			scanf("%d", &code);
			switch (code) {                   //通过循环来根据指令执行相应的操作
			case 1:
				addStudent(&contacts);
				break;
			case 2:
				student = findStudent(contacts);

				if (student == NULL) {
					printf("该学生不存在!\n");

				}
				else {
					printStudent(student);
					break;
				}
			case 3:
				changeStudent(contacts);
				break;
			case 4:
				delStudent(&contacts);
				break;
			case 5:
				displayContacts(contacts);
				break;
			case 6:
				goto END;
			}
		}
	END:
		releaseContacts(&contacts);
	}
	return 0;
}

该代码包含了密码登录这个环节，运行结果如下：

1.密码不正确

2.密码正确

按完任意键后清屏继续

这是我的输入示例

Good luck!