【C语言】16.sizeof 和strlen

一、sizeof 和strlen 比较

sizeof	strlen
1. sizeof是操作符	1. strlen是库函数，使用需要包含头⽂件 string.h
2. sizeof计算操作数所占内存的大小，单位是字节	2. srtlen是求字符串长度的，统计的是 \0 之前字符的隔个数
3. 不关注内存中存放什么数据	3. 关注内存中是否有 \0 ，如果没有 \0 ，就会持续往后找，可能会越界

二、例题

2.1 一维数组

int a[] = {1,2,3,4};
printf("%d\n",sizeof(a));		//16
printf("%d\n",sizeof(a+0));		//4/8
printf("%d\n",sizeof(*a));		//4
printf("%d\n",sizeof(a+1));		//4/8
printf("%d\n",sizeof(a[1]));	//4
printf("%d\n",sizeof(&a));		//4/8
printf("%d\n",sizeof(*&a));		//16
printf("%d\n",sizeof(&a+1));	//4/8
printf("%d\n",sizeof(&a[0]));	//4/8
printf("%d\n",sizeof(&a[0]+1));	//4/8

2.2 字符数组

char arr[] = {'a','b','c','d','e','f'};
printf("%d\n", sizeof(arr));		//6
printf("%d\n", sizeof(arr+0));		//4/8
printf("%d\n", sizeof(*arr));		//1
printf("%d\n", sizeof(arr[1]));		//1
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&arr));		//4/8
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&arr+1));		//4/8
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&arr[0]+1));	//4/8

char arr[] = {'a','b','c','d','e','f'};
printf("%d\n", strlen(arr));		//随机值
printf("%d\n", strlen(arr+0));		//随机值
//printf("%d\n", strlen(*arr));		//error
//printf("%d\n", strlen(arr[1]));	//error
printf("%d\n", strlen(&arr));		//随机值
printf("%d\n", strlen(&arr+1));		//随机值
printf("%d\n", strlen(&arr[0]+1));	//随机值

char arr[] = "abcdef";
printf("%d\n", sizeof(arr));		//7
printf("%d\n", sizeof(arr+0));		//4/8
printf("%d\n", sizeof(*arr));		//1
printf("%d\n", sizeof(arr[1]));		//1
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&arr));		//4/8
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&arr+1));		//4/8
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&arr[0]+1));	//4/8

char arr[] = "abcdef";
printf("%d\n", strlen(arr));		//6
printf("%d\n", strlen(arr+0));		//6
//printf("%d\n", strlen(*arr));		//error
//printf("%d\n", strlen(arr[1]));	//error
printf("%d\n", strlen(&arr));		//6
printf("%d\n", strlen(&arr+1));		//随机值
printf("%d\n", strlen(&arr[0]+1));	//5

char *p = "abcdef";
printf("%d\n", sizeof(p));		//4/8
printf("%d\n", sizeof(p+1));	//4/8
printf("%d\n", sizeof(*p));		//1
printf("%d\n", sizeof(p[0]));	//1
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&p));		//4/8
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&p+1));	//4/8
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&p[0]+1));//4/8

char *p = "abcdef";
printf("%d\n", strlen(p));		//6
printf("%d\n", strlen(p+1));	//5
//printf("%d\n", strlen(*p));	//error
//printf("%d\n", strlen(p[0]));	//error
printf("%d\n", strlen(&p));		//6
printf("%d\n", strlen(&p+1));	//随机值
printf("%d\n", strlen(&p[0]+1));//5

2.3 二维数组

int a[3][4] = { 0 };
printf("%d\n", sizeof(a));				//48
printf("%d\n", sizeof(a[0][0]));		//4
printf("%d\n", sizeof(a[0]));			//16
printf("%d\n", sizeof(a[0] + 1));		//4/8
printf("%d\n", sizeof(*(a[0] + 1)));	//4
printf("%d\n", sizeof(a + 1));			//4/8	
printf("%d\n", sizeof(*(a + 1)));		//16
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&a[0] + 1));		//4/8
printf("%d\n", sizeof(*(&a[0] + 1)));	//16
printf("%d\n", sizeof(*a));				//16
printf("%d\n", sizeof(a[3]));			//16

数组名的意义：

1. sizeof(数组名)，这里的数组名表示整个数组，计算的是整个数组的大小
2. &数组名，这里的数组名表示整个数组，取出的是整个数组的地址。
3. 除此之外所有的数组名都表示首元素的地址。