《web应用技术》第四次课后练习

于 2024-04-25 14:22:39 发布
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2301_80812728/article/details/138140856
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要求：读取xml文件并在页面中显示出来。

一、常规方式，controlller控制器不分层  

1.在pom.xml文件中引入dom4j的依赖，用于解析XML文件。

2.引入解析XML的工具类XMLParserUtils、对应的实体类Poet、XML文件poet.xml

XMLParserUtils

package com.cazrequest.utils;

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class XmlParserUtils {

    public static <T> List<T> parse(String file , Class<T> targetClass)  {
        ArrayList<T> list = new ArrayList<T>(); //封装解析出来的数据
        try {
            //1.获取一个解析器对象
            SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
            //2.利用解析器把xml文件加载到内存中,并返回一个文档对象
            Document document = saxReader.read(new File(file));
            //3.获取到根标签
            Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();
            //4.通过根标签来获取 user 标签
            List<Element> elements = rootElement.elements("writer");

            //5.遍历集合,得到每一个 user 标签
            for (Element element : elements) {
                //获取 number 属性
                String number = element.element("number").getText();
                //获取 author 属性
                String name = element.element("author").getText();
                //获取 gender 属性
                String gender = element.element("gender").getText();
                //获取 dynasty 属性
                String dynasty= element.element("dynasty").getText();
                //获取 title 属性
                String title = element.element("title").getText();
                //获取 style 属性
                String style = element.element("style").getText();

                //组装数据
                Constructor<T> constructor = targetClass.getDeclaredConstructor(Integer.class,String.class,String.class,  String.class, String.class, String.class);
                constructor.setAccessible(true);
                T object = constructor.newInstance(Integer.parseInt(number),name, gender, dynasty, title, style);

                list.add(object);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return list;
    }

}

Poet

package com.cazrequest.pojo;

public class Poet {
    private Integer number;
    private String name;
    private String gender;
    private String dynasty;
    private String title;
    private String style;

    public Poet(){

    }

    public Poet(Integer number, String name, String gender, String dynasty, String title, String style){
        this.number = number;
        this.name = name;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.dynasty = dynasty;
        this.title = title;
        this.style = style;
    }

    public Integer getNumber() {
        return number;
    }

    public void setNumber(Integer number) {
        this.number = number;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public void setGender(String gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public String getDynasty() {
        return dynasty;
    }

    public void setDynasty(String dynasty) {
        this.dynasty = dynasty;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }

    public String getStyle() {
        return style;
    }

    public void setStyle(String style) {
        this.style = style;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Poet{" +
                "number=" + number +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", gender='" + gender + '\'' +
                ", dynasty='" + dynasty + '\'' +
                ", title='" + title + '\'' +
                ", style='" + style + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

poet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<writers>
    <writer>
        <number>1</number>
        <author>陶渊明</author>
        <!--        1:男   2:女      -->
        <gender>1</gender>
        <dynasty>东晋末至南朝宋初期</dynasty>
        <title>诗人和辞赋家</title>
        <style>古今隐逸诗人之宗</style>
    </writer>
    <writer>
        <number>2</number>
        <author>王维</author>
        <gender>1</gender>
        <dynasty>唐代</dynasty>
        <title>诗佛</title>
        <style>空灵、寂静</style>
    </writer>
    <writer>
        <number>3</number>
        <author>李白</author>
        <gender>1</gender>
        <dynasty>唐代</dynasty>
        <title>诗仙</title>
        <style>豪放飘逸的诗风和丰富的想象力</style>
    </writer>
    <writer>
        <number>4</number>
        <author>李商隐</author>
        <gender>1</gender>
        <dynasty>唐代</dynasty>
        <title>诗坛鬼才</title>
        <style>无</style>
    </writer>
    <writer>
        <number>5</number>
        <author>李清照</author>
        <gender>2</gender>
        <dynasty>宋代</dynasty>
        <title>女词人</title>
        <style>婉约风格</style>
    </writer>
    <writer>
        <number>6</number>
        <author>杜甫</author>
        <gender>1</gender>
        <dynasty>唐代</dynasty>
        <title>诗圣</title>
        <style>反映社会现实和人民疾苦</style>
    </writer>
    <writer>
        <number>7</number>
        <author>苏轼</author>
        <gender>1</gender>
        <dynasty>北宋</dynasty>
        <title>文学家、书画家，诗神</title>
        <style>清新豪健的诗风和独特的艺术表现力</style>
    </writer>
</writers>

3.引入静态页面文件，放在resources下的static目录下

4.编写Controller程序，处理请求，响应数据

package com.cazrequest.controller;
import com.cazrequest.pojo.Poet;
import com.cazrequest.pojo.Result;
import com.cazrequest.utils.XmlParserUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.List;

@RestController
public class poetController {
    @RequestMapping("/listPoet")
    public Result list(){
        //加载并解析pom.xml
        String file=this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("poet.xml").getFile();
        List<Poet> poetList=XmlParserUtils.parse(file, Poet.class);
        //对数字进行转换处理
        poetList.stream().forEach(poet -> {
            String gender=poet.getGender();
            if("1".equals(gender)) {
                poet.setGender("男");
            }else if("2".equals(gender)){
                poet.setGender("女");
            }
        });

        return Result.success(poetList);
    }

}

二、按照MVC的分层方式实现，常规java代码方式 

三层架构

controller：接收请求、响应数据 。控制层，接收前端发送的请求，对请求进行处理，并响应数据。
service：逻辑处理。业务逻辑层，处理具体的业务逻辑。
dao：数据访问。数据访问层（Data Acess Object）(持久层)，负责数据访问操作，包括数据 的增、删、改、查。

dao层

PoetDao

package com.cazrequest.dao;

import com.cazrequest.pojo.Poet;

import java.util.List;

public interface PoetDao {
    public List<Poet> listPoet();
}

PoetDaoA

package com.cazrequest.dao.impl;

import com.cazrequest.dao.PoetDao;
import com.cazrequest.pojo.Poet;
import com.cazrequest.utils.XmlParserUtils;

import java.util.List;

public class PoetDaoA implements PoetDao {
    @Override
    public List<Poet> listPoet(){
        String file=this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("poet.xml").getFile();
        List<Poet> poetList= XmlParserUtils.parse(file, Poet.class);
        return poetList;
    }
}

service层

PoetService

package com.cazrequest.service;

import com.cazrequest.pojo.Poet;

import java.util.List;

public interface PoetService {
    public List<Poet> listPoet();
}

PoetServiceA

package com.cazrequest.service.impl;

import com.cazrequest.dao.PoetDao;
import com.cazrequest.dao.impl.PoetDaoA;
import com.cazrequest.pojo.Poet;
import com.cazrequest.service.PoetService;

import java.util.List;

public class PoetServiceA implements PoetService {
    private PoetDao poetDao=new PoetDaoA();
    @Override
    public List<Poet> listPoet(){
        //调用dao获取数据
        List<Poet> poetList=poetDao.listPoet();
        //对数字进行转换处理
        poetList.stream().forEach(poet -> {
            String gender=poet.getGender();
            if("1".equals(gender)) {
                poet.setGender("男");
            }else if("2".equals(gender)){
                poet.setGender("女");
            }
        });
        return poetList;
    }
}

controller层

 

package com.cazrequest.controller;

import com.cazrequest.pojo.Poet;
import com.cazrequest.pojo.Result;
import com.cazrequest.service.PoetService;
import com.cazrequest.service.impl.PoetServiceA;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
public class poetController {
    private PoetService poetService=new PoetServiceA();
    @RequestMapping("/listPoet")
    public Result list(){
        List<Poet> poetList = poetService.listPoet();

        return Result.success(poetList);
    }

}

三、采用控制反转和依赖注入的MVC方式实现。

  • 内聚：软件中各个功能模块内部的功能联系。
  • 耦合：衡量软件中各个层/模块之间的依赖、关联的程度。
  • 软件设计原则：高内聚低耦合
  • 控制反转：Inversion Of Control，简称IOC。对象的创建控制权由程序自身转移到外部（容器），这种思想称为控制反转。
  • 依赖注入：Dependency Injection，简称DI。容器为应用程序提供运行时，所依赖的资源，称之为依赖注入。
  • Bean对象：IOC容器中创建、管理的对象，称之为bean。

service和dao层的实现类交给IOC容器管理，再为controller和service注入依赖对象

poetController

package com.cazrequest.controller;

import com.cazrequest.pojo.Poet;
import com.cazrequest.pojo.Result;
import com.cazrequest.service.PoetService;
import com.cazrequest.service.impl.PoetServiceA;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
public class poetController {
    @Autowired//运行时，IOC容器会提供该类型的Bean对象，并赋值给该对象——依赖注入
    private PoetService poetService;
    @RequestMapping("/listPoet")
    public Result list(){
        List<Poet> poetList = poetService.listPoet();

        return Result.success(poetList);
    }

}

 PoetServiceA

package com.cazrequest.service.impl;

import com.cazrequest.dao.PoetDao;
import com.cazrequest.dao.impl.PoetDaoA;
import com.cazrequest.pojo.Poet;
import com.cazrequest.service.PoetService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.List;
@Component//将当前类交给IOC容器管理，使之成为IOC容器中的bean
public class PoetServiceA implements PoetService {
    @Autowired//运行时，IOC容器会提供该类型的Bean对象，并赋值给该对象——依赖注入
    private PoetDao poetDao;
    @Override
    public List<Poet> listPoet(){
        //调用dao获取数据
        List<Poet> poetList=poetDao.listPoet();
        //对数字进行转换处理
        poetList.stream().forEach(poet -> {
            String gender=poet.getGender();
            if("1".equals(gender)) {
                poet.setGender("男");
            }else if("2".equals(gender)){
                poet.setGender("女");
            }
        });
        return poetList;
    }
}

PoetDaoA

package com.cazrequest.dao.impl;

import com.cazrequest.dao.PoetDao;
import com.cazrequest.pojo.Poet;
import com.cazrequest.utils.XmlParserUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.List;

@Component//将当前类交给IOC容器管理，使之成为IOC容器中的bean
public class PoetDaoA implements PoetDao {
    @Override
    public List<Poet> listPoet(){
        String file=this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("poet.xml").getFile();
        List<Poet> poetList= XmlParserUtils.parse(file, Poet.class);
        return poetList;
    }
}

 

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