Chocolatey离线（offline）安装流程

首先要确定你能下载什么版本的chocolatey，具体版本对照参考该网址：

Chocolatey Software Docs | Chocolatey Components Dependencies and Support Lifecycle

从这个网站可以找到安装和卸载的详细说明。

Chocolatey Software Docs | Setup / Install

详细步骤如下：

步骤 1：下载 Chocolatey 安装包

Chocolatey Software | Chocolatey 2.3.0

​

点击左下角的download下载你想要的副本，记住你的安装路径。

步骤2：转移文件位置

为了避免C盘爆满，将下载的 .nupkg 文件复制到离线机器上的某个目录。例如，将文件复制到 C:\offline-choco 目录。博主转移到了D:\user-unity3D\user-chocolatey。

步骤3：创建和运行安装脚本

①将你提供的脚本保存为一个.ps1文件，例如 install_choco_offline.ps1。

# Download and install Chocolatey nupkg from an OData (HTTP/HTTPS) url such as Artifactory, Nexus, ProGet (all of these are recommended for organizational use), or Chocolatey.Server (great for smaller organizations and POCs)
# This is where you see the top level API - with xml to Packages - should look nearly the same as https://community.chocolatey.org/api/v2/
# If you are using Nexus, always add the trailing slash or it won't work
# === EDIT HERE ===
$packageRepo = '<INSERT ODATA REPO URL>'

# If the above $packageRepo repository requires authentication, add the username and password here. Otherwise these leave these as empty strings.
$repoUsername = ''    # this must be empty is NOT using authentication
$repoPassword = ''    # this must be empty if NOT using authentication

# Determine unzipping method
# 7zip is the most compatible, but you need an internally hosted 7za.exe.
# Make sure the version matches for the arguments as well.
# Built-in does not work with Server Core, but if you have PowerShell 5
# it uses Expand-Archive instead of COM
$unzipMethod = 'builtin'
#$unzipMethod = '7zip'
#$7zipUrl = 'https://chocolatey.org/7za.exe' (download this file, host internally, and update this to internal)

# === ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES YOU CAN SET ===
# Prior to running this script, in a PowerShell session, you can set the
# following environment variables and it will affect the output

# - $env:ChocolateyEnvironmentDebug = 'true' # see output
# - $env:chocolateyIgnoreProxy = 'true' # ignore proxy
# - $env:chocolateyProxyLocation = '' # explicit proxy
# - $env:chocolateyProxyUser = '' # explicit proxy user name (optional)
# - $env:chocolateyProxyPassword = '' # explicit proxy password (optional)

# === NO NEED TO EDIT ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE ===
# Ensure we can run everything
Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force;

# If the repository requires authentication, create the Credential object
if ((-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($repoUsername)) -and (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($repoPassword))) {
    $securePassword = ConvertTo-SecureString $repoPassword -AsPlainText -Force
    $repoCreds = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential ($repoUsername, $securePassword)
}

$searchUrl = ($packageRepo.Trim('/'), 'Packages()?$filter=(Id%20eq%20%27chocolatey%27)%20and%20IsLatestVersion') -join '/'

# Reroute TEMP to a local location
New-Item $env:ALLUSERSPROFILE\choco-cache -ItemType Directory -Force
$env:TEMP = "$env:ALLUSERSPROFILE\choco-cache"

$localChocolateyPackageFilePath = Join-Path $env:TEMP 'chocolatey.nupkg'
$ChocoInstallPath = "$($env:SystemDrive)\ProgramData\Chocolatey\bin"
$env:ChocolateyInstall = "$($env:SystemDrive)\ProgramData\Chocolatey"
$env:Path += ";$ChocoInstallPath"
$DebugPreference = 'Continue';

# PowerShell v2/3 caches the output stream. Then it throws errors due
# to the FileStream not being what is expected. Fixes "The OS handle's
# position is not what FileStream expected. Do not use a handle
# simultaneously in one FileStream and in Win32 code or another
# FileStream."
function Fix-PowerShellOutputRedirectionBug {
  $poshMajorVerion = $PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major

  if ($poshMajorVerion -lt 4) {
    try{
      # http://www.leeholmes.com/blog/2008/07/30/workaround-the-os-handles-position-is-not-what-filestream-expected/ plus comments
      $bindingFlags = [Reflection.BindingFlags] "Instance,NonPublic,GetField"
      $objectRef = $host.GetType().GetField("externalHostRef", $bindingFlags).GetValue($host)
      $bindingFlags = [Reflection.BindingFlags] "Instance,NonPublic,GetProperty"
      $consoleHost = $objectRef.GetType().GetProperty("Value", $bindingFlags).GetValue($objectRef, @())
      [void] $consoleHost.GetType().GetProperty("IsStandardOutputRedirected", $bindingFlags).GetValue($consoleHost, @())
      $bindingFlags = [Reflection.BindingFlags] "Instance,NonPublic,GetField"
      $field = $consoleHost.GetType().GetField("standardOutputWriter", $bindingFlags)
      $field.SetValue($consoleHost, [Console]::Out)
      [void] $consoleHost.GetType().GetProperty("IsStandardErrorRedirected", $bindingFlags).GetValue($consoleHost, @())
      $field2 = $consoleHost.GetType().GetField("standardErrorWriter", $bindingFlags)
      $field2.SetValue($consoleHost, [Console]::Error)
    } catch {
      Write-Output 'Unable to apply redirection fix.'
    }
  }
}

Fix-PowerShellOutputRedirectionBug

# Attempt to set highest encryption available for SecurityProtocol.
# PowerShell will not set this by default (until maybe .NET 4.6.x). This
# will typically produce a message for PowerShell v2 (just an info
# message though)
try {
  # Set TLS 1.2 (3072), then TLS 1.1 (768), then TLS 1.0 (192), finally SSL 3.0 (48)
  # Use integers because the enumeration values for TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.1 won't
  # exist in .NET 4.0, even though they are addressable if .NET 4.5+ is
  # installed (.NET 4.5 is an in-place upgrade).
  [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = 3072 -bor 768 -bor 192 -bor 48
} catch {
  Write-Output 'Unable to set PowerShell to use TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.1 due to old .NET Framework installed. If you see underlying connection closed or trust errors, you may need to upgrade to .NET Framework 4.5+ and PowerShell v3+.'
}

function Get-Downloader {
param (
  [string]$url
 )
  $downloader = new-object System.Net.WebClient

  $defaultCreds = [System.Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultCredentials
  if (Test-Path -Path variable:repoCreds) {
    Write-Debug "Using provided repository authentication credentials."
    $downloader.Credentials = $repoCreds
  } elseif ($defaultCreds -ne $null) {
    Write-Debug "Using default repository authentication credentials."
    $downloader.Credentials = $defaultCreds
  }

  $ignoreProxy = $env:chocolateyIgnoreProxy
  if ($ignoreProxy -ne $null -and $ignoreProxy -eq 'true') {
    Write-Debug 'Explicitly bypassing proxy due to user environment variable.'
    $downloader.Proxy = [System.Net.GlobalProxySelection]::GetEmptyWebProxy()
  } else {
    # check if a proxy is required
    $explicitProxy = $env:chocolateyProxyLocation
    $explicitProxyUser = $env:chocolateyProxyUser
    $explicitProxyPassword = $env:chocolateyProxyPassword
    if ($explicitProxy -ne $null -and $explicitProxy -ne '') {
      # explicit proxy
      $proxy = New-Object System.Net.WebProxy($explicitProxy, $true)
      if ($explicitProxyPassword -ne $null -and $explicitProxyPassword -ne '') {
        $passwd = ConvertTo-SecureString $explicitProxyPassword -AsPlainText -Force
        $proxy.Credentials = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential ($explicitProxyUser, $passwd)
      }

      Write-Debug "Using explicit proxy server '$explicitProxy'."
      $downloader.Proxy = $proxy

    } elseif (!$downloader.Proxy.IsBypassed($url)) {
      # system proxy (pass through)
      $creds = $defaultCreds
      if ($creds -eq $null) {
        Write-Debug 'Default credentials were null. Attempting backup method'
        $cred = get-credential
        $creds = $cred.GetNetworkCredential();
      }

      $proxyaddress = $downloader.Proxy.GetProxy($url).Authority
      Write-Debug "Using system proxy server '$proxyaddress'."
      $proxy = New-Object System.Net.WebProxy($proxyaddress)
      $proxy.Credentials = $creds
      $downloader.Proxy = $proxy
    }
  }

  return $downloader
}

function Download-File {
param (
  [string]$url,
  [string]$file
 )
  $downloader = Get-Downloader $url
  $downloader.DownloadFile($url, $file)
}

function Download-Package {
param (
  [string]$packageODataSearchUrl,
  [string]$file
 )
  $downloader = Get-Downloader $packageODataSearchUrl

  Write-Output "Querying latest package from $packageODataSearchUrl"
  [xml]$pkg = $downloader.DownloadString($packageODataSearchUrl)
  $packageDownloadUrl = $pkg.feed.entry.content.src

  Write-Output "Downloading $packageDownloadUrl to $file"
  $downloader.DownloadFile($packageDownloadUrl, $file)
}

function Install-ChocolateyFromPackage {
param (
  [string]$chocolateyPackageFilePath = ''
)

  if ($chocolateyPackageFilePath -eq $null -or $chocolateyPackageFilePath -eq '') {
    throw "You must specify a local package to run the local install."
  }

  if (!(Test-Path($chocolateyPackageFilePath))) {
    throw "No file exists at $chocolateyPackageFilePath"
  }

  $chocTempDir = Join-Path $env:TEMP "chocolatey"
  $tempDir = Join-Path $chocTempDir "chocInstall"
  if (![System.IO.Directory]::Exists($tempDir)) {[System.IO.Directory]::CreateDirectory($tempDir)}
  $file = Join-Path $tempDir "chocolatey.zip"
  Copy-Item $chocolateyPackageFilePath $file -Force

  # unzip the package
  Write-Output "Extracting $file to $tempDir..."
  if ($unzipMethod -eq '7zip') {
    $7zaExe = Join-Path $tempDir '7za.exe'
    if (-Not (Test-Path ($7zaExe))) {
      Write-Output 'Downloading 7-Zip commandline tool prior to extraction.'
      # download 7zip
      Download-File $7zipUrl "$7zaExe"
    }

    $params = "x -o`"$tempDir`" -bd -y `"$file`""
    # use more robust Process as compared to Start-Process -Wait (which doesn't
    # wait for the process to finish in PowerShell v3)
    $process = New-Object System.Diagnostics.Process
    $process.StartInfo = New-Object System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo($7zaExe, $params)
    $process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = $true
    $process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = $false
    $process.StartInfo.WindowStyle = [System.Diagnostics.ProcessWindowStyle]::Hidden
    $process.Start() | Out-Null
    $process.BeginOutputReadLine()
    $process.WaitForExit()
    $exitCode = $process.ExitCode
    $process.Dispose()

    $errorMessage = "Unable to unzip package using 7zip. Perhaps try setting `$env:chocolateyUseWindowsCompression = 'true' and call install again. Error:"
    switch ($exitCode) {
      0 { break }
      1 { throw "$errorMessage Some files could not be extracted" }
      2 { throw "$errorMessage 7-Zip encountered a fatal error while extracting the files" }
      7 { throw "$errorMessage 7-Zip command line error" }
      8 { throw "$errorMessage 7-Zip out of memory" }
      255 { throw "$errorMessage Extraction cancelled by the user" }
      default { throw "$errorMessage 7-Zip signalled an unknown error (code $exitCode)" }
    }
  } else {
    if ($PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major -lt 5) {
      try {
        $shellApplication = new-object -com shell.application
        $zipPackage = $shellApplication.NameSpace($file)
        $destinationFolder = $shellApplication.NameSpace($tempDir)
        $destinationFolder.CopyHere($zipPackage.Items(),0x10)
      } catch {
        throw "Unable to unzip package using built-in compression. Set `$env:chocolateyUseWindowsCompression = 'false' and call install again to use 7zip to unzip. Error: `n $_"
      }
    } else {
      Expand-Archive -Path "$file" -DestinationPath "$tempDir" -Force
    }
  }

  # Call Chocolatey install
  Write-Output 'Installing chocolatey on this machine'
  $toolsFolder = Join-Path $tempDir "tools"
  $chocInstallPS1 = Join-Path $toolsFolder "chocolateyInstall.ps1"

  & $chocInstallPS1

  Write-Output 'Ensuring chocolatey commands are on the path'
  $chocInstallVariableName = 'ChocolateyInstall'
  $chocoPath = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable($chocInstallVariableName)
  if ($chocoPath -eq $null -or $chocoPath -eq '') {
    $chocoPath = 'C:\ProgramData\Chocolatey'
  }

  $chocoExePath = Join-Path $chocoPath 'bin'

  if ($($env:Path).ToLower().Contains($($chocoExePath).ToLower()) -eq $false) {
    $env:Path = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path',[System.EnvironmentVariableTarget]::Machine);
  }

  Write-Output 'Ensuring chocolatey.nupkg is in the lib folder'
  $chocoPkgDir = Join-Path $chocoPath 'lib\chocolatey'
  $nupkg = Join-Path $chocoPkgDir 'chocolatey.nupkg'
  if (!(Test-Path $nupkg)) {
    Write-Output 'Copying chocolatey.nupkg is in the lib folder'
    if (![System.IO.Directory]::Exists($chocoPkgDir)) { [System.IO.Directory]::CreateDirectory($chocoPkgDir); }
    Copy-Item "$file" "$nupkg" -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
  }
}

# Idempotence - do not install Chocolatey if it is already installed
if (!(Test-Path $ChocoInstallPath)) {
  # download the package to the local path
  if (!(Test-Path $localChocolateyPackageFilePath)) {
    Download-Package $searchUrl $localChocolateyPackageFilePath
  }

  # Install Chocolatey
  Install-ChocolateyFromPackage $localChocolateyPackageFilePath
}

• 修改$localChocolateyPackageFilePath = ‘你的安装路径’，这个在46行。例如我修改成：$localChocolateyPackageFilePath = ‘D:\user-unity3D\user-chocolatey\chocolatey.2.3.0.nupkg’
• 注释掉：Download-Package $searchUrl $localChocolateyPackageFilePath。这个在277行。

②打开离线机器上的powershell（以管理员身份运行）

按Windows键快捷输入powershell，右键管理员运行。执行：iex "你的ps1文件保存路径\install_choco_offline.ps1"

iex "D:\user-unity3D\user-chocolatey\install_choco_offline.ps1"

大概5-10s后出现如下图所示内容，则安装完毕：

这样就安装完毕啦！

可以通过如下命令检查是否安装成功：

choco -v

输出版本号：

也可以通过如下命令输出安装路径：

[System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('ChocolateyInstall', [System.EnvironmentVariableTarget]::Machine)

输出路径则成功：

可能出现的问题：

尽管你已经以管理员身份运行PowerShell，执行策略仍然可能阻止脚本的运行。

临时设置执行策略：

• 在管理员模式下的PowerShell窗口中，输入以下命令来临时绕过执行策略，然后再执行上面的iex命令：

• Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force