OSPF大型综合实验拓扑（学习结果）

• 实验拓扑

• 实验要求

1、R4为ISP，其上只配置IP地址；R4与其他所直连设备间均使用公有IP；

2、R3-R5、R6、R7为MGRE环境，R3为中心站点；

3、整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分；除了R12有两个环回，其他路由器均有一个环回IP

4、所有设备均可访问R4的环回；

5、减少LSA的更新量，加快收敛，保障更新安全；

6、全网可达；

• 实验思路

• 实验步骤

1. 划分IP地址

172.16.0.0/16

172.16.0000 0000.0000 0000/19---172.16.0.0/19--area 0

172.16.0000 0000.0000 0000/24--172.16.0.0/24--PAP

172.16.0000 0001.0000 0000/24--172.16.1.0/24--MA

172.16.0000 0010.0000 0000/24--172.16.2.0/24--R4环回

172.16.0000 0011.0000 0000/24--172.16.3.0/24--R5环回

172.16.0000 0100.0000 0000/24--172.16.4.0/24--R6环回

172.16.0000 0101.0000 0000/24--172.16.5.0/24--R7环回

172.16.0000 0110.0000 0000/24--172.16.6.0/24--隧道

172.16.0010 0000.0000 0000/19--172.16.32.0/19--area 1

172.16.0010 0000.0000 0000/24--172.16.32.0/24--P2P

172.16.0010 0001.0000 0000/24--172.16.33.0/24--MA

172.16.0010 0010.0000 0000/24--172.16.34.0/24--R1环回

172.16.0010 0011.0000 0000/24--172.16.35.0/24--R2环回

172.16.0010 0100.0000 0000/24--172.16.36.0/24--R3环回

172.16.0100 0000.0000 0000/19--172.16.64.0/19--area 2

172.16.0100 0000.0000 0000/24--172.16.64.0/24--PAP

172.16.0100 0001.0000 0000/24--172.16.65.0/24--MA

172.16.0100 0001.0000 0000/30--172.16.65.0/30--R6-R11

172.16.0100 0001.0000 0100/30--172.16.65.4/30--R11-R12

172.16.0100 0010.0000 0000/24..172.16.66.0/24--R11环回

172.16.0110 0000.0000 0000/19--172.16.96.0/19--area 3

172.16.0110 0000.0000 0000/24--172.16.96.0/24--PAP

172.16.0110 0001.0000 0000/24--172.16.97.0/24--MA

172.16.0110 0001.0000 0000/30--172.16.97.0/30--R7-R8

172.16.0110 0001.0000 0100/30--172.16.97.4/30--R8-R9

172.16.0110 0010.0000 0000/24--172.16.98.0/24--R8环回

172.16.1000 0000.0000 0000/19--172.16.128.0/19--area 4

172.16.1000 0000.0000 0000/24--172.16.128.0/24--PAP

172.16.1000 0001.0000 0000/24--172.16.129.0/24--MA

172.16.1000 0001.0000 0000/30--172.16.129.0/30--R9-R10

172.16.1000 0010.0000 0000/24--172.16.130.0/24--R9环回

172.16.1000 0011.0000 0000/24--172.16.131.0/24--R10环回

172.16.1010 0000.0000 0000/19--172.16.160.0/19--RIP

172.16.1010 0000.0000 0000/24--172.16.160.0/24

172.16.1010 0001.0000 0000/24--172.16.161.0/24

2.配置IP地址

[R1]

[R1]int g0/0/0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.1 24

[R1]int l0

[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.34.1 24

[R2]

[R2]int g0/0/0

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.2 24

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0

[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.35.2 24

[3]

[R3]int g0/0/0

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.3 24

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int s4/0/0

[R3-Serial4/0/0]ip add 10.0.0.3 24

[R3-Serial4/0/0]int l0

[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.36.3 24

[R4]

[R4-ISP]int s4/0/0

[R4-ISP-Serial4/0/0]ip add 10.0.0.4 24

[R4-ISP-Serial4/0/0]

[R4-ISP-Serial4/0/0]int s4/0/1

[R4-ISP-Serial4/0/1]ip add 20.0.0.4 24

[R4-ISP-Serial4/0/1]int s3/0/0

[R4-ISP-Serial3/0/0]ip add 30.0.0.4 24

[R4-ISP-Serial3/0/0]int g0/0/0

[R4-ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 40.0.0.4 24

[R4-ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0

[R4-ISP-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.2.4 24

[5]

[R5]int s4/0/0

[R5-Serial4/0/0]ip add 20.0.0.5 24

[R5-Serial4/0/0]

[R5-Serial4/0/0]int l0

[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.3.5 24

[6]

[R6]int s4/0/0

[R6-Serial4/0/0]ip add 30.0.0.6 24

[R6-Serial4/0/0]

[R6-Serial4/0/0]int g0/0/0

[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.1 30

[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0

[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.4.6 24

[7]

[R7]int g0/0/0

[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 40.0.0.7 24

[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]

[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.97.1 30

[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0

[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.5.7 24

[8]

[R8]int g0/0/0

[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.97.2 30

[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]

[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.97.5 30

[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]

[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0

[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.98.8 24

[9]

[R9]int g0/0/0

[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.97.6 30

[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.129.1 30

[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0

[R9-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.130.9 24

[10]

[R10]int g0/0/0

[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.129.2 30

[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]

[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0

[R10-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.131.10 24

[11]

[R11]int g0/0/0

[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.2 30

[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]

[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.65.5 30

[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0

[R11-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.66.11 24

[12]

[R12]int g0/0/0

[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.6 30

[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]

[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0

[R12-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.160.12 24

[R12-LoopBack0]int l1

[R12-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.161.12 24

2.构建RIP协议

3配置公网通

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.0.0.4

[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 20.0.0.4

[R6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 30.0.0.4

[R7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 40.0.0.4

4构建隧道

[R3]int Tunnel 0/0/0

[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.6.3 24

[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp

[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 10.0.0.3

[R5]int Tunnel 0/0/0

[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.6.5 24

[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp

[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]source s4/0/0

[R6]int Tunnel 0/0/0

[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.6.6 24

[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp

[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]source s4/0/0

[R7]int Tunnel 0/0/0

[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.6.7 24

[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp

[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]source g0/0/0

1. 配置NHRP

在R3上查看邻居情况

1. OSPF私网通

Area 0

[3]

[5]

[6]

[7]

然后修改Tunnel接口类型

[R3]int t0/0/0

[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

[R5]int t0/0/0

[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

[R6]int t0/0/0

[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

[R7]int t0/0/0

[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

Area 1

[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2

[R2-ospf-1]a 1

[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.33.0 0.0.0.255

[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.35.0 0.0.0.255

[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3

[R3-ospf-1]a 1

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.33.0 0.0.0.255

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.36.0 0.0.0.255

Area 2

[R11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11

[R11-ospf-1]a 2

[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.65.2 0.0.0.0

[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.66.0 0.0.0.255

[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.65.5 0.0.0.0

Area 3

[R8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8

[R8-ospf-1]a 3

[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.97.2 0.0.0.0

[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]

[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.97.5 0.0.0.0

[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.98.0 0.0.0.255

Area 4

新建ospf进程重发布

7.然后取消R5,R6，R7的选举（DR,BDR）

[R5]int t0/0/0

[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

[R6]int t0/0/0

[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

[R7]int t0/0/0

[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

私网可达

8.配置easy IP

[R3]acl 2000

[R3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R3-acl-basic-2000]quit

[R3]int s4/0/0

[R3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

9.配置特殊区域来减少路由条目

Area1

[R1]ospf 1

[R1-ospf-1]a 1

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary

[R2]ospf 1

[R2-ospf-1]a 1

[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]ospf 1

[R3-ospf-1]a 1

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary

Area2

[R6]ospf 1

[R6-ospf-1]a 2

[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary

[R11]ospf 1

[R11-ospf-1]a 2

[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary

[R12]ospf 1

[R12-ospf-1]a 2

[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary

Area3

[R7]ospf 1

[R7-ospf-1]a 3

[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary

[R8]ospf 1

[R8-ospf-1]a 3

[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary

[R9]ospf 1

[R9-ospf-1]a 3

[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary

Area4

[R9]ospf 2

[R9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise

10.为了加快收敛速度，通过更改hello实现

[R3]int Tunnel 0/0/0

[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10

[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]

[R5]int Tunnel 0/0/0

[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10

[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]

[R6]int Tunnel 0/0/0

[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10

[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]

[R7]int Tunnel 0/0/0

[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10

[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]

1. 保障安全，使用ospf认证

Area0

[R3]ospf 1

[R3-ospf-1]a 0

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345

[R5]ospf 1

[R5-ospf-1]a 0

[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345

[R6]ospf 1

[R6-ospf-1]a 0

[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345

[R7]ospf 1

[R7-ospf-1]a 0

[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345

Area1

[R1]ospf 1

[R1-ospf-1]a 1

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher a123456

[R2]ospf 1

[R2-ospf-1]a 1

[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher a123456

[R3]ospf 1

[R3-ospf-1]a 1

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher a123456

Area2

[R6]ospf 1

[R6-ospf-1]a 2

[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher b123456

[R11]ospf 1

[R11-ospf-1]a 2

[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher b123456

[R12]ospf 1

[R12-ospf-1]a 2

[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher b123456

Area3

[R7]ospf 1

[R7-ospf-1]a 3

[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher c123456

[R8]ospf 1

[R8-ospf-1]a 3

[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher c123456

[R9]ospf 1

[R9-ospf-1]a 3

[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher c123456

Area4

[R9]ospf 2

[R9-ospf-2]a 4

[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher d123456

[R10]ospf 2

[R10-ospf-2]a 4

[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher d123456

1. 检测全网通