Android应用用户数字转化为二维码

少部分Android应用可以将用户输入或者特定的数字转化为二维码，以方便应用的一些场景

此文章用到的开源库:ZXing(Zebra Crossing)

权限获得

确保应用有写入存储的权限，通过在AndroidManifest.xml中添加相应的权限来实现将二维码保存到设备

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

添加依赖

在Android项目的build.gradle文件中添加ZXing库的依赖项

dependencies {
         implementation 'com.journeyapps:zxing-android-embedded:4.2.0'}

同步Gradle项目

生成二维码

使用ZXing提供的API创建生成二维码Bitmap的方法

import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.WriterException;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.journeyapps.barcodescanner.BarcodeEncoder;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import java.util.Hashtable;
public Bitmap createQRCode(String content) throws WriterException {
    Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new Hashtable<>();
    hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8");
    BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content,            
            BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, 600, 600, hints);
    BarcodeEncoder barcodeEncoder = new BarcodeEncoder();
    return barcodeEncoder.createBitmap(bitMatrix);
}

调用方法

在Activity或者Fragment中调用方法，并将生成的Bitmap显示在ImageView上

try {
    Bitmap bitmap = createQRCode("1234567890");
    ImageView imageView = findViewById(R.id.qr_code_image_view);
    imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
} catch (WriterException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

其中1234567890是用户输入或者特定的数字

---

保存图片

请求权限

if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(thisActivity,
        Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
        != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {        
    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(thisActivity,            
        new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},            
        MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
} else {
     saveImageToGallery();
}

获得权限后

private void saveImageToGallery() {
    Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.your_image);
    OutputStream fOut = null;    
    File file = null;    
    String filename = "your_image_name.png";
    if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(            
            Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
        file = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(                
                Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES), filename);
    }    
    if (file == null) {
        Log.d("SaveImage", "External storage not available");
        return;
    }
    try {        
        fOut = new FileOutputStream(file);
        bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 85, fOut);
        fOut.flush();
        fOut.close();
        thisActivity.sendBroadcast(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_SCAN_FILE, Uri.fromFile(file)));
    } catch (IOException e) {
        Log.e("SaveImage", e.getMessage());
    }
}

处理权限请求结果

当用户响应权限请求时，会收到一个回调。需要处理这个回调来查看用户是否授予了所需的权限

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
    switch (requestCode) {
        case MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE: {
            if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                saveImageToGallery();
            } else {
                Toast.makeText(thisActivity, "Permission denied", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }            
            return;
        }
    }
}

从Android 10(API级别29）开始，分区存储（Scoped Storage）对新应用默认启用，因此如果目标SDK版本设置为29或更高，则需要考虑使用MediaStore API来存储文件，或者请求主机权限(如
MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)