springboot整合RabbitMQ

1.Spring-AMQP概念

• 什么是Spring-AMQP
  • Spring框架的AMQP消息解决方案，提供模板化的发送和接收消息的抽象层，提供基于消息驱动的POJO的消息监听等
  • 提供不依赖于任何特定的AMQP代理实现或客户端库通用的抽象，最终用户代码将很容易实现更易替换、添加和删除AMQP，因为它可以只针对抽象层来开发
  • 总之就是提高我们的框架整合消息队列的效率，springboot为更方便开发RabbitMQ推出了starter
  • 我们使用spring-boot-starter-amqp进行开发

2.springboot整合RabbitMQ实战

• 创建web项目，引入依赖

  <!--RabbitMQ AMQP-->
  <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  

• yml配置文件

  spring:
    rabbitmq:
      host: 192.168.101.128
      port: 5672
      virtual-host: /dev
      password: Gen123
      username: admin
  

• RabbitMQConfig文件

  package com.gen.config;
  
  import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
  import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
  import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
  
  @Configuration
  public class RabbitMQConfig {
  
      public static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "order_exchange";
      public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "order_queue";
  
      /**
       * 交换机
       *
       * @return
       */
      @Bean
      public Exchange orderExchange() {
          return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_NAME).durable(true).build();
      }
  
      /**
       * 队列
       *
       * @return
       */
      @Bean
      public Queue orderQueue() {
          return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_NAME).build();
      }
  
      /**
       * 交换机与队列进行绑定
       *
       * @param orderQueue
       * @param orderExchange
       * @return
       */
      @Bean
      public Binding orderBinding(Queue orderQueue, Exchange orderExchange) {
          return BindingBuilder.bind(orderQueue).to(orderExchange).with("order.#").noargs();
      }
  }
  

• 消息生产者-测试类

  package com.gen;
  
  import com.gen.config.RabbitMQConfig;
  import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
  import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
  import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
  import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
  
  @SpringBootTest
  class GenRabbitmqApplicationTests {
  
      @Autowired
      private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
  
      @Test
      void send() {
          this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.EXCHANGE_NAME, "order.new", "您有新订单");
      }
  }
  

• 消息消费者

  package com.gen.listener;
  
  import com.gen.config.RabbitMQConfig;
  import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
  import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
  import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
  import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
  
  @Component
  @RabbitListener(queues = RabbitMQConfig.QUEUE_NAME)
  public class OrderMQListener {
  
      /**
       * RabbitHandler会自动匹配消息类型（消息自动确认）
       *
       * @param msg
       * @param message
       */
      @RabbitHandler
      public void orderConsumer(String msg, Message message) {
          System.out.println(msg);
          System.out.println(message);
      }
  }