数据结构 3.6 链队列

摘要: 队列的提出, 也是想获得 O ( 1 ) O(1)O(1) 的时间复杂度.

1.代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>

/**
 * 链队列的节点.
 */
typedef struct LinkNode{
	int data;
	struct LinkNode* next;
}*LinkNodePtr;

/**
 * 链队列.
 */
typedef struct LinkQueue{
	LinkNodePtr front;
	LinkNodePtr rear;
}*LinkQueuePtr;

/**
 * Construct an empty queue.
 */
LinkQueuePtr initQueue(){
	LinkQueuePtr resultPtr = (LinkQueuePtr)malloc(sizeof(struct LinkQueue));
	//The header, the data is not useful.
	LinkNodePtr headerPtr = (LinkNodePtr)malloc(sizeof(struct LinkNode));
	headerPtr->next = NULL;
	
	resultPtr->front = headerPtr;
	resultPtr->rear = headerPtr;
	return resultPtr;
}//Of initQueue

/**
 * Output the queue.
 */
void outputLinkQueue(LinkQueuePtr paraQueuePtr){
	LinkNodePtr tempPtr = paraQueuePtr->front->next;
	while (tempPtr != NULL) {
		printf("%d ", tempPtr->data);
		tempPtr = tempPtr->next;
	}//Of while
	printf("\r\n");
}//Of outputLinkQueue

/**
 * Enqueue.
 */
void enqueue(LinkQueuePtr paraQueuePtr, int paraElement) {
	//Step 1. Create a new node
	LinkNodePtr tempNodePtr = (LinkNodePtr)malloc(sizeof(struct LinkNode));
	tempNodePtr->data = paraElement;
	tempNodePtr->next = NULL;
	
	//Step 2. Link to the existing rear
	paraQueuePtr->rear->next = tempNodePtr;
	
	//Step 3. It is the new rear
	paraQueuePtr->rear = tempNodePtr;
}//Of enqueue

/**
 * Dequeue.
 * @return The value of the header
 */
int dequeue(LinkQueuePtr paraQueuePtr) {
	int resultValue;
	LinkNodePtr tempNodePtr;

	//Step 1. Is the queue empty?
	if (paraQueuePtr->front == paraQueuePtr->rear) {
		printf("The queue is empty.\r\n");
		return -1;
	}//Of if

	//Step 2. Change the queue.
	tempNodePtr = paraQueuePtr->front->next;
	resultValue = tempNodePtr->data;
	paraQueuePtr->front->next = paraQueuePtr->front->next->next;

	if (paraQueuePtr->rear == tempNodePtr) {
		paraQueuePtr->rear = paraQueuePtr->front;
	}//Of if

	//Step 3. Free space.
	// free(tempNodePtr);
	tempNodePtr = NULL;

	//Step 4. Return.
	return resultValue;
}//Of enqueue
	
/**
 * Unit test.
 */
void testLinkQueue(){
	LinkQueuePtr tempQueuePtr;
	tempQueuePtr = initQueue();
	enqueue(tempQueuePtr, 10);
	enqueue(tempQueuePtr, 30);
	enqueue(tempQueuePtr, 50);

	outputLinkQueue(tempQueuePtr);

	printf("dequeue gets %d\r\n", dequeue(tempQueuePtr));
	printf("dequeue gets %d\r\n", dequeue(tempQueuePtr));
	printf("dequeue gets %d\r\n", dequeue(tempQueuePtr));
	printf("dequeue gets %d\r\n", dequeue(tempQueuePtr));

	enqueue(tempQueuePtr, 8);
	outputLinkQueue(tempQueuePtr);
}//Of testLinkQueue
 
/**
 * The entrance.
 */
int main(){
	testLinkQueue();
	return 1;
}//Of main

2.运行结果