python 字典

定义

my_dict={1:'a',2:'b',3:'c'}
print(my_dict)
my_dict1={}
my_dict2=dict()
print(my_dict1)
print(my_dict2)

运行结果：

key不能重复

my_dict={1:'a',1:'b',3:'c'}
print(my_dict)

运行结果：

特点

获取数据

my_dict={1:'a',2:'b',3:'c'}
print(my_dict)
print(my_dict[1])
print(my_dict[2])
print(my_dict[3])

运行结果：

嵌套

dict1={"语文":77,"数学":66,"英语":33}
dict2={"语文":88,"数学":86,"英语":55}
dict3={"语文":99,"数学":96,"英语":66}
my_dict={"王力宏":dict1,"周杰伦":dict2,"林俊杰":dict3}
print(my_dict)
print(my_dict["王力宏"])
print(my_dict["周杰伦"])
print(my_dict["林俊杰"])

运行结果：

dict1={"语文":77,"数学":66,"英语":33}
dict2={"语文":88,"数学":86,"英语":55}
dict3={"语文":99,"数学":96,"英语":66}
my_dict={"王力宏":dict1,"周杰伦":dict2,"林俊杰":dict3}

print(my_dict["王力宏"]["语文"])

print(my_dict["林俊杰"])

运行结果：

常用操作

新增元素

my_dict={"王力宏":99,"周杰伦":88,"林俊杰":77}

print(my_dict)

my_dict["薛之谦"]=100

print(my_dict)

运行结果：

更新元素

my_dict={"王力宏":99,"周杰伦":88,"林俊杰":77}

print(my_dict)

my_dict["林俊杰"]=100

print(my_dict)

运行结果：

删除元素

my_dict={"王力宏":99,"周杰伦":88,"林俊杰":77}

print(my_dict)

ele=my_dict.pop("林俊杰")

print(ele)
print(my_dict)

运行结果：

清空

my_dict={"王力宏":99,"周杰伦":88,"林俊杰":77}

print(my_dict)

my_dict.clear()

print(my_dict)

运行结果：

获取全部key

my_dict={"王力宏":99,"周杰伦":88,"林俊杰":77}

print(my_dict)

keys=my_dict.keys()

print(my_dict)
print(keys)

运行结果：

统计字典内元素的数量

my_dict={"王力宏":99,"周杰伦":88,"林俊杰":77}

print(my_dict)
len=len(my_dict)

print(len)
print(type(my_dict))

  

遍历

1.通过获取全部的key来遍历

my_dict={"王力宏":99,"周杰伦":88,"林俊杰":77}

print(my_dict)

keys=my_dict.keys()

for ele in keys:
    print(ele)
    print(my_dict[ele])
    

2.直接for循环，每次循环都是直接得到key

my_dict={"王力宏":99,"周杰伦":88,"林俊杰":77}

print(my_dict)


for key in my_dict:
    print(key)
    print(my_dict[key])
    

无while循环遍历

案例

dict1={"部门":"科技部","工资":3000,"级别":1}
dict2={"部门":"市场部","工资":5000,"级别":2}
dict3={"部门":"市场部","工资":7000,"级别":3}
dict4={"部门":"科技部","工资":4000,"级别":1}
dict5={"部门":"市场部","工资":6000,"级别":2}
my_dict={"王力宏":dict1,"周杰伦":dict2,"林俊杰":dict3,"张学友":dict4,"刘德华":dict5}

for ele in my_dict:
    print(ele,end='')
    print(my_dict[ele])

for ele in my_dict:
    if my_dict[ele]["级别"]==1:
        my_dict[ele]["级别"]=2
        my_dict[ele]["工资"]+=1000

print()

for ele in my_dict:
    print(ele,end='')
    print(my_dict[ele])