C语言部分字符串函数与内存函数的使用与实现

前言

本文将简单介绍 strlen, strcpy, strcat, strcmp,  strncpy, strncat, strncmp, strtok, strstr, memcpy, memmove, memset, memcmp 的使用与实现

strlen

介绍

实现

//计数器法

#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>


int my_strlen(const char* arr)
{
	assert(arr);
	int i = 0;
	while (*arr++)
	{
		i++;
	}
	return i;
}


int main()
{
	char arr[30] = { 0 };
	scanf("%s", arr);
	int len = my_strlen(arr);
	printf("%d", len);
	return 0;
}

//指针-指针

#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>


int my_strlen(const char* arr)
{
	assert(arr);
	const char * rember = arr;
	while (*arr)
	{
		arr++;
	}
	return arr - rember;
}


int main()
{
	char arr[30] = { 0 };
	scanf("%s", arr);
	int len = my_strlen(arr);
	printf("%d", len);
	return 0;
}

 

//递归

#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>


int my_strlen(const char* arr)
{
	assert(arr);
	if (*arr != '\0')
	{
		return 1 + my_strlen(arr+1);
	}
	else
	{
		return 0;
	}
}


int main()
{
	char arr[30] = { 0 };
	scanf("%s", arr);
	int len = my_strlen(arr);
	printf("%d", len);
	return 0;
}

strcpy

介绍

实现

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>

char* my_strcpy(char* dest, const char* src)
{
	assert(dest && src);
	char* ret = dest;
	while (*dest++ = *src++);
	return ret;
}

int main()
{
	char arr1[] = "hello world";
	char arr2[20] = { 0 };
	my_strcpy(arr2, arr1);
	printf("%s", arr2);
	return 0;
}

strcat

介绍

实现

#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>

char* my_strcat(char* dest, const char* src)
{
	assert(dest && src);
	char* ret = dest;
	while (*dest)
	{
		dest++;
	}
	while (*dest++ = *src++);
	return ret;
}

int main()
{
	char arr1[20] = { "hello " };
	char arr2[] = "world";
	my_strcat(arr1, arr2);
	printf("%s", arr1);
	return 0;
}

  

strcmp

介绍

实现

#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int my_strcmp(const char * arr1, const char* arr2)
{
	assert(arr1 && arr2);
	while (*arr1 == *arr2)
	{
		if (*arr1 == '\0')
		{
			return 0;
		}
		else
		{
			arr1++;
			arr2++;
		}
	}
	return *arr1 - *arr2;
}

int main()
{
	char arr1[] = "abcde";
	char arr2[] = "abcq";
	int a = my_strcmp(arr1, arr2);
	printf("%d", a);
	return 0;
}

strncpy

介绍

实现

#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>

char* my_strncpy(char* str1, const char* str2, int n)
{
	assert(str1 && str2);
	char* ret = str1;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		if (*str2)
		{
			*str1++ = *str2++;
		}
		else
		{
			*str1++ = *str2;
		}

	}
	return ret;
}

int main()
{
	char arr1[] = "abcdef";
	char arr2[] = "xxxxxxxxxxxx";
	my_strncpy(arr2, arr1, 7);
	printf("%s", arr2);
	return 0;
}

strncat

介绍

实现

#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>

char* my_strncat(char* str1, const char* str2, int n)
{
	assert(str1 && str2);
	char* ret = str1;
	while (*str1)
	{
		str1++;
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		if (*str2)
		{
			*str1++ = *str2++;
		}
		else
		{
			break;
		}
	}
	*str1 = '\0';
	return ret;
}

int main()
{
	char arr1[] = "abcdef";
	char arr2[20] = "xx\0xxxxxxxxx";
	my_strncat(arr2, arr1, 15);
	printf("%s", arr2);
	return 0;
}

 strncmp

介绍

实现

#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>

int my_strncmp(const char* arr1, const char* arr2, int n)
{
	assert(*arr1 && *arr2);
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		if (*arr1 != *arr2)
		{
			return *arr1 - *arr2;
		}
		else
		{
			if (*arr1 == '\0')
			{
				return 0;
			}
		}
		arr1++;
		arr2++;
	}
	return 0;
}

int main()
{
	char arr1[] = "abc";
	char arr2[] = "abc";
	int a = my_strncmp(arr1, arr2, 5);
	printf("%d", a);
	return 0;
}

strtok

介绍

实现

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int is(const char* arr1, const char* arr2)
{
	while (*arr2)
	{
		if (*arr1 == *arr2)
		{
			return 1;
		}
		arr2++;
	}
	return 0;
}

char* my_strtok(const char* arr1, const char* arr2)
{
	static char* rember = NULL;
	char* qidian = NULL;
	if (arr1 != NULL)
	{
		qidian = (char*)arr1;
	}
	else
	{
		qidian = rember;
	}
	if (*qidian == '\0')
	{
		return NULL;
	}
	char* ret = qidian;
	while (*qidian != '\0')
	{
		if (is(qidian, arr2))
		{
			*qidian = '\0';
			qidian++;
			break;
		}
		qidian++;
	}
	rember = qidian;
	return ret;
}

int main()
{
	char arr[] = "zheng.yuhang@qq.com";
	char bj[] = "@.";
	char cpy_arr[30] = { 0 };
	strcpy(cpy_arr, arr);
	char* p = NULL;
	for (p = my_strtok(cpy_arr, bj); p != NULL; p = my_strtok(NULL, bj))
	{
		printf("%s\n", p);
	}
	return 0;
}

strstr

介绍

实现

#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>

char* my_strstr(const char* arr1, const char* arr2)
{
	assert(arr1 && arr2);
	if(*arr2 == '\0')
	{
		return (char *)arr1;
	}
	while (*arr1)
	{
		const char* cpyarr1 = arr1;
		const char* cpyarr2 = arr2;
		int flag = 1;
		while (*cpyarr2)
		{
			if (*cpyarr1 != *cpyarr2)
			{
				flag = 0;
				break;
			}
			cpyarr1++;
			cpyarr2++;
		}
		if (flag)
		{
			return (char*)arr1;
		}
		arr1++;
	}
	return NULL;
}

int main()
{
	char arr1[] = "abbbbcdef";
	char arr2[] = "bbc";
	char* ret = my_strstr(arr1, arr2);
	printf("%s", ret);
	return 0;
}

内存函数（memcpy, memmove, memset, memcmp）

//my_memory.h

#pragma once

#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>

//内存拷贝函数——my_memcpy
//实现不重叠的两块内存空间的拷贝
void* my_memcpy(void* arr1, const void* arr2, int num);

//内存拷贝函数——my_memmove
//实现重叠的两块内存空间的拷贝
void* my_memmove(void* arr1, const void* arr2, int num);

//内存设置函数——my_memset
//按字节逐一设置成相应的大小
void* my_memset(void* arr, int a, int num);

//内存比较函数——my_memset
//按字节逐一比较大小
int my_memcmp(const void* arr1, const void* arr2, int num);

//my_memory.c

#include "my_memory.h"

void* my_memcpy(void* arr1, const void* arr2, int num)
{
	assert(arr1 && arr2);
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
	{
		*(((char*)arr1) + i) = *(((char*)arr2) + i);
	}
	return (void*)arr1;
}

void* my_memmove(void* arr1, const void* arr2, int num)
{
	assert(arr1 && arr2);
	if (arr1 > arr2)
	{
		while (num--)
		{
			*(((char*)arr1) + num) = *(((char*)arr2) + num);
		}
	}
	else
	{
		int i = 0;
		for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
		{
			*(((char*)arr1) + i) = *(((char*)arr2) + i);
		}
	}
	return arr1;
}

void* my_memset(void* arr, int a, int num)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
	{
		*(((char*)arr) + i) = a;
	}
	return arr;
}

int my_memcmp(const void* arr1, const void* arr2, int num)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
	{
		if (*((char*)arr1) != *((char*)arr2))
		{
			return *((char*)arr1) - *((char*)arr2);
		}
		arr1 = (char*)arr1 + 1;
		arr2 = (char*)arr2 + 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

结语

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