模拟实现简单vector

vector作为STL成员之一，在实际中也使用广泛。所有了解实现一个简单的vector也有助于我们更好的认识vector及其底层实现。

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<assert.h>
using namespace std;

namespace cls
{
	template<class T>
	class vector
	{
	public:
		typedef T* iterator;
		typedef const T* const_iterator;

		vector() = default;

		vector(const vector<T>& v)
		{
			reserve(v.size());
			for (auto& e : v)
			{
				push_back(e);
			}
		}

		vector(int n, const T& x = T())
		{
			reserve(n);
			while (n--)
			{
				push_back(x);
			}
		}

		template<class InputIterator>
		vector(InputIterator first,InputIterator last)
		{
			while (first != last)
			{
				push_back(*first);
				++first;
			}
		}
  
		const iterator begin() const
		{
			return _start;
		}

		const iterator end() const
		{
			return _finish;
		}

		iterator begin()
		{
			return _start;
		}

		iterator end()
		{
			return _finish;
		}

		size_t size() const
		{
			return _finish - _start;
		}

		size_t capacity()  const
		{
			return _end_of_storage - _start;
		}

		bool empty()
		{
			return _start == _finish;
		}

		vector<T>& operator=(vector<T> v)
		{
			swap(v);

			return *this;
		}

		

		void reserve(size_t n)
		{
			if (_start + n > _end_of_storage)
			{
				size_t oldsize = size();
				T* temp = new T[n];
				size_t i = 0;
				for (i = 0; i < oldsize; ++i)
				{
					temp[i] = _start[i];
				}
				delete[] _start;
				_start = temp;
				_finish = _start + oldsize;
				_end_of_storage = _start + n;
			}
		}

		void push_back(const T& x)
		{
			if (_finish == _end_of_storage)
			{
				reserve(size() == 0 ? 4 : 2 * capacity());
			}
			*_finish = x;
			++_finish;
		}

		void pop_back()
		{
			assert(!empty());
			--_finish;
		}

		T& operator[](size_t pos)
		{
			assert(pos < size());
			return _start[pos];
		}

		const T& operator[](size_t pos) const
		{
			assert(pos < size());
			return _start[pos];
		}

		void clear()
		{
			_finish = _start;
		}

		~vector()
		{
			delete[] _start;
			_start = _finish = _end_of_storage = nullptr;
		}

		void swap(vector<T>& x)
		{
			std::swap(_start,x._start);
			std::swap(_finish,x._finish);
			std::swap(_end_of_storage,x._end_of_storage);
		}

		void resize(size_t n,const T& val = T())
		{
			if (n < size())
			{
				_finish = _start + n;
			}
			else
			{
				reserve(n);
				while (_finish < _start + n)
				{
					*_finish = val;
					++_finish;
				}
			}
		}
		
		iterator insert(iterator pos , const T& x)
		{
			assert(pos >= _start);
			assert(pos <= _finish);
			if (_finish == _end_of_storage)
			{
				size_t len = pos - _start;
				reserve(2*capacity());
				pos = _start + len;
			}
			iterator end = _finish;
			while (end > pos)
			{
				*(end) = *(end - 1);
				--end;
			}
			*pos = x;
			++_finish;

			return pos;
		}

		void erase(iterator pos)
		{
			assert(pos >= _start);
			assert(pos < _finish);
			iterator begin = pos;
			while (begin < _finish - 1)
			{
				*begin = *(begin + 1);
				++begin;
			}
			--_finish;
		}
	private:
		iterator _start = nullptr;
		iterator _finish = nullptr;
		iterator _end_of_storage = nullptr;
	};

	template<class T>
	void PrintVector(const vector<T>& x)
	{
		typename vector<T>::const_iterator it = x.begin();
		while (it != x.end())
		{
			cout << *it << ' ';
			++it;
		}
		cout << endl;
	}


	template<class T>
	void PrintContainer(const T& x)
	{
		for (auto e : x)
		{
			cout << e << ' ';
		}
		cout << endl;
	}


	void Test()
	{
		/*vector<int> v;
		cout << v.size() << endl;*/
		vector<int> v;
		v.push_back(1);
		v.push_back(3);
		v.push_back(5);
		v.push_back(10);
		v.push_back(10);
		vector<int> v1 = v;
		v1.push_back(100);
		v = v1;
		v1.erase(v1.begin());
		v1.insert(v1.begin(),5);
		v1[0] = 200;
		v1.pop_back();
		v1.resize(12);

		vector<int> v2(5,10);

		PrintVector(v);
		PrintContainer(v1);
		PrintContainer(v2);
		       

	}

	
}

这里注意不能把模版实现在两个不同的文件，这样会报链接错误，实现在同一个文件就行了。希望对大家有所帮助。