SQLiteOpenHelper数据库帮助器

SQLiteOpenHelper数据库帮助器是Android提供的数据库辅助工具。

1、继承SQLiteOpenHelper类，需要重写onCreate和onUpgrade两个方法

案例：实现增删改查

package com.example.databases_text;

import android.app.PictureInPictureParams;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import android.util.Rational;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import com.example.databases_text.R;

import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener{
    private EditText edit_name;
    private  EditText edit_password;
    private UserDBHelper mUserDBHelper;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
      edit_name=findViewById(R.id.et_name);
      edit_password=findViewById(R.id.et_pws);
      findViewById(R.id.btn_add).setOnClickListener(this);
      findViewById(R.id.btn_del).setOnClickListener(this);
      findViewById(R.id.btn_update).setOnClickListener(this);
      findViewById(R.id.btn_query).setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        //获得数据库帮助器实例
        mUserDBHelper = UserDBHelper.getInstance(this);
        mUserDBHelper.openWriteLink();//打开数据库
        mUserDBHelper.openReadLink();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();

    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        User user = new User();
        String name=edit_name.getText().toString();
        String psw=edit_password.getText().toString();
        switch (view.getId()){
            case R.id.btn_add:
                user.setName(name);
                user.setPassword(psw);

                if( mUserDBHelper.InsertData(user)>0)
                    Toast.makeText(this,"添加成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
            case R.id.btn_del:
                user.setName(name);
                user.setPassword(psw);
                if( mUserDBHelper.deleteData(user)>0)
                    Toast.makeText(this,"删除成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
            case R.id.btn_update:
                user.setName(name);
                user.setPassword(psw);
                if( mUserDBHelper.updateData(user)>0)
                    Toast.makeText(this,"修改成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
            case R.id.btn_query:
           List<User> userList=mUserDBHelper.queryData(name);
                if(userList !=null){
                    edit_password.setText(userList.get(0).getPassword());
                    //userList.get(x).getPassword()表示查询第几个的密码
                    Toast.makeText(this,"查询成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}
                break;

        }
    }
}

package com.example.databases_text;

public class User {

    private  String name;
    private String password;

    public User() {
    }



    public User(String name, String password) {
        this.name = name;
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

package com.example.databases_text;

import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class UserDBHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {

    // 数据库版本号
    public static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 1;
    // 数据库名称
    public static final String DATABASE_NAME = "User.db";
    public static final String DATABASE_table_name = "uer_table";
    // 用户表名
    public static final String TABLE_NAME = "user";
    // 用户名
    public static final String COLUMN_NAME = "name";
    // 用户密码
    public static final String COLUMN_PASSWORD = "password";
     private static UserDBHelper instance=null;
     private SQLiteDatabase mRDB=null;
     private SQLiteDatabase mWDB=null;

    public UserDBHelper( Context context) {
        super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION);
    }
    //利用单例模式，获取数据库的唯一实例,当数据库不存在的时候，经行创建，如果已存在就直接返回
    public static UserDBHelper getInstance(Context context){
        if(instance==null){
            instance=new UserDBHelper(context);

        }
        return  instance;
    }
    //打开数据库的读连接
    public SQLiteDatabase openReadLink(){
        if(mRDB==null || !mRDB.isOpen()) {
            mRDB = instance.getReadableDatabase();
        }
            return mRDB;


    }
    //打开数据库的写连接
    public SQLiteDatabase openWriteLink(){

        if(mWDB==null || !mWDB.isOpen()) {
            mWDB = instance.getReadableDatabase();
        }
        return mWDB;
    }
    //数据库的关闭操作
    public void closeLink() {

        if (mRDB != null && mRDB.isOpen()) {
            mRDB.close();
            mRDB = null;
        }
        if (mWDB != null && mWDB.isOpen()) {
            mWDB.close();
            mWDB = null;//置为空为了回收
        }
    }
        //创建数据库，执行sql语句
    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase) {
        String sql = "create table " + TABLE_NAME + " (" + COLUMN_NAME + " text, " + COLUMN_PASSWORD
                + " text)";
      sqLiteDatabase.execSQL(sql);
    }

    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase, int i, int i1) {

    }
    //添加数据到数据库
    public long InsertData(User user){
        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        values.put("name", user.getName());
        values.put("password", user.getPassword());
        return   mWDB.insert(TABLE_NAME,null,values);


    }
    public long deleteData(User user){
        //删除所有的
        return mWDB.delete(TABLE_NAME,"name=? and password=?",new String[]{user.getName(),user.getPassword()});
    }
    public long updateData(User user){
        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        values.put("name", user.getName());
        values.put("password", user.getPassword());
        //更改所有符合条件的数据
        return mWDB.update(TABLE_NAME,values,"name=? ",new String[]{user.getName()});
    }
    public List<User> queryData(String name){
        List<User> list = new ArrayList<>();
        //查询所有数据，得到游标
        Cursor cursor =mWDB.query(TABLE_NAME,null,"name=? ",new String[]{name},null,null,null);
   //逐个取出游标指向的数据
        while (cursor.moveToNext()){
            User user1=new User();
            user1.setName(cursor.getString(0));
            user1.setPassword(cursor.getString(1));
            list.add(user1);
        }
   return list;
    }

}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity"
    android:orientation="vertical">
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="用户名"/>
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/et_name"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        />
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="密码"/>
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/et_pws"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        />
    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/btn_add"
        android:text="添加"

        />
    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/btn_del"
        android:text="删除"

        />
    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/btn_update"
        android:text="修改"
        />
    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/btn_query"
        android:text="查询"

        />
</LinearLayout>

2、onUpgrade()是在数据库版本更新时，执行操作。