时间API

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最新推荐文章于 2024-11-17 13:11:40 发布

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时间API

一、JDK8（-）时间类

1.Date类

表示时间的类

代表的是日期和时间

构造器	说明
public Date()	创建一个Date对象，代表的是系统当前此刻日期时间。
public Date(long time)	把时间毫秒值转换成Date日期对象

import java.util.Date;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Date d1 = new Date();
        System.out.println(d1);

        Date d2 = new Date(1000L);
        System.out.println(d2);
    }
}
//运行结果：
/*
Fri Apr 07 22:11:07 CST 2023
Thu Jan 01 08:00:01 CST 1970
*/

常见方法

常见方法	说明
public long getTime()	返回从1970年1月1日 00:00:00走到此刻的总的毫秒数
public void setTime(long time)	设置日期对象的世界为当前时间毫秒值对应的世界

import java.util.Date;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Date d1 = new Date();
        System.out.println(d1.getTime());

        Date d2 = new Date(1000L);
        System.out.println(d2.getTime());
    }
}
//运行结果：
/*
1680876952496
1000
*/

2.SimpleDateFormat类

用于日期格式化

构造器	说明
public SimpleDateFormat()	构造一个SimpleDateFormat，使用默认格式
public SimpleDateFormat(String pattern)	构造一个SimpleDateFormat，使用指定的格式

格式化方法	说明
public final String format(Date date)	将日期格式化成日期/时间字符串
public final Date parse(String pattern)	将字符串解析为日期类型

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        //默认模式
        SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat();
        //手动指定模式
        SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat2 = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日 HH:mm:ss");

        Date date = new Date();
        //将日期对象，转换为字符串
        String result = simpleDateFormat.format(date);
        String result2 = simpleDateFormat2.format(date);

        System.out.println(result);
        System.out.println(result2);
    }
}
//运行结果：
/*
2023/4/7 下午11:14
2023年04月07日 23:14:41
*/

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException
    {
        String today = "2023年4月7日";

        SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日");

        Date date = simpleDateFormat.parse(today);

        System.out.println(date);
    }
}
//运行结果：
/*
Fri Apr 07 00:00:00 CST 2023
*/

例子：

需求：计算你来到了这个世界多少天

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException
    {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

        SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日");

        System.out.println("请输入生日(格式：yyyy年MM月dd日)");
        String pattern = sc.next();

        Date birthday = simpleDateFormat.parse(pattern);

        long birthdaydate = birthday.getTime();

        Date now = new Date();

        long nowdate = now.getTime();

        System.out.println("你活了" + (nowdate - birthdaydate) / 1000 / 60 / 60 / 24 + "天");

    }
}
//运行结果：
/*
输入：2003年11月3日
输出：你活了7096天
*/

3.Calendar类使用

创建对象：Calendar是一个抽象类，不能直接创建对象

方法名	说明
public static Calender getInstance()	获取当前时间的日历对象

Calendar类常用方法

方法名	说明
public int get(int field)	取日历中的某个字段信息
public void set(int field,int value)	修改日历的某个字段信息
public void add(int field,int amount)	为某个字段增加/减少指定的值

Calendar：代表的是系统此刻时间对应的日历，通过它可以单独获取、修改时间中的年、月、日、时、分、秒等

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();

        int i = c.get(Calendar.YEAR);
        System.out.println(i);

        int month = c.get((Calendar.MONTH));
        System.out.println(month + 1);

        int day = c.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
        System.out.println(day);

        char[] weeks = {' ','日','一','二','三','四','五','六'};
                       //0   1    2    3   4    5    6   7
        int weekIndex = c.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);
        System.out.println(weeks[weekIndex]);

        int dayofyear = c.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
        System.out.println(dayofyear);
    }
}

get方法的参数：Calendar类中的静态常量

Calendar.YEAR ：获取年份信息
Calendar.MONTH：月份是0~11，记得做+1操作
Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH：获取日
Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK：获取星期，获取星期的时候，需要提前设计一个数组
Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR：获取一年中的第几天

案例：判断2050年3月1日是否是疯狂星期四

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();

        c.set(2050,3,1);

        char[] weeks = {' ','日','一','二','三','四','五','六'};

        if(weeks[c.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK)] == '四')
        {
            System.out.println("疯狂星期四，V我50");
        }
        else
        {
            System.out.println("今天不是疯狂星期四");
        }
    }
}
//运行结果：
/*
今天不是疯狂星期四
*/

二、JDK8（+）时间类

JDK8(-)传统的时间API缺点

设计欠妥，使用不方便，很多都被淘汰了
都是可变对象，修改后会丢失最开始的时间信息
线程不安全
只能精确到毫秒

JDK8(+)新增的时间API

设计更合理，功能丰富，使用更方便
都是不可变对象，修改后会返回新的时间对象，不会丢失最开始的时间
线程安全
能精确到毫秒、纳秒

1.日历类

LocalDate：代表本地日期（年、月、日、星期）

LocalTime：代表本地时间（时、分、秒、纳秒）

LocalDateTime：代表本地日期、时间（年、月、日、星期、时、分、秒、纳秒）

获取对象

对象创建方式：

1.now()：当前时间

2.of(…)：设置时间

LocalDateTime 转换 LocalDate，LocalTime

1.toLocalDate();

2.toLocalTime();

import java.time.LocalDateTime;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now();
        System.out.println(now);

        System.out.println(now.getYear() + "年");
        System.out.println(now.getMonth() + "月");
        System.out.println(now.getMonthValue() + "月");
        System.out.println(now.getDayOfMonth() + "日");
        System.out.println(now.getHour() + "时");
        System.out.println(now.getMinute() + "分");
        System.out.println(now.getSecond() + "秒");
        System.out.println(now.getNano() + "纳秒");

        //获取指定的时间对象
        LocalDateTime of = LocalDateTime.of(2003,11,3,6,00);
        System.out.println(of);
    }
}
//运行结果
/*
2023-04-08T13:11:05.934980400
2023年
APRIL月
4月
8日
13时
11分
5秒
934980400纳秒
2003-11-03T06:00
*/

获取年月日时分秒相关的方法

修改年月日时分秒相关的方法

LocalDateTime、LocalTime、LocalDate都是不可变的，下列方法返回的是一个新的对象

import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();

        //当前时间
        System.out.println(nowTime);
        //minus:减去
        System.out.println("减一小时：" + nowTime.minusHours(1));
        System.out.println("减一分钟：" + nowTime.minusMinutes(1));
        System.out.println("减一秒钟：" + nowTime.minusSeconds(1));
        System.out.println("减一纳秒：" + nowTime.minusNanos(1));

        System.out.println("对比时间，确定方法返回的都是新的实例>>>>>>" + nowTime);

        System.out.println("-------------------------------------------------------");

        //puls:加
        System.out.println("加一小时" + nowTime.plusHours(1));
        System.out.println("加一分钟" + nowTime.plusMinutes(1));
        System.out.println("加一秒钟" + nowTime.plusSeconds(1));
        System.out.println("加一纳秒" + nowTime.plusNanos(1));

        System.out.println("-------------------------------------------------------");

        //with:这里体现出的是，设置效果
        System.out.println("修改的效果");

        System.out.println(nowTime.withYear(2008));
        System.out.println(nowTime.withMonth(8));
        System.out.println(nowTime.withDayOfMonth(8));
        System.out.println(nowTime.withHour(8));
        System.out.println(nowTime.withMonth(8));
        System.out.println(nowTime.withSecond(8));
        System.out.println(nowTime.withNano(8));

        System.out.println("-------------------------------------------------------");

        LocalDate myDate = LocalDate.of(2003,11,3);
        LocalDate nowDate = LocalDate.now();

        //2008-08-08是否在nowDate之前
        System.out.println(myDate + "是否在" + nowDate + "之前？" + myDate.isBefore(nowDate));

        //2008-08-08是否在nowDate之后
        System.out.println(myDate + "是否在" + nowDate + "之后？" + myDate.isAfter(nowDate));

        //判断两个时间是否相同
        System.out.println(myDate.equals(nowDate));
    }
    //运行结果：
    /*
    减一小时：2023-04-08T13:00:51.738803500
	减一分钟：2023-04-08T13:59:51.738803500
	减一秒钟：2023-04-08T14:00:50.738803500
	减一纳秒：2023-04-08T14:00:51.738803499
	对比时间，确定方法返回的都是新的实例>>>>>>2023-04-08T14:00:51.738803500
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	加一小时2023-04-08T15:00:51.738803500
	加一分钟2023-04-08T14:01:51.738803500
	加一秒钟2023-04-08T14:00:52.738803500
	加一纳秒2023-04-08T14:00:51.738803501
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	修改的效果
	2008-04-08T14:00:51.738803500
	2023-08-08T14:00:51.738803500
	2023-04-08T14:00:51.738803500
	2023-04-08T08:00:51.738803500
	2023-08-08T14:00:51.738803500
	2023-04-08T14:00:08.738803500
	2023-04-08T14:00:51.000000008
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	2003-11-03是否在2023-04-08之前？true
	2003-11-03是否在2023-04-08之后？false
	false
    */

2.日期格式化类

DateTimeFormatter类

用于时间的格式化和解析

import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now();
        System.out.println("格式化之前" + now);

        //获取格式化对象
        DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy年M月d日");

        //格式化
        String result = formatter.format(now);
        System.out.println("格式化之后" + result);

        //解析
        String time = "2008年08月08日";
        LocalDate parse = LocalDate.parse(time,formatter);
        System.out.println(parse);
    }
}
//运行结果：
/*
格式化之前2023-04-08T14:06:51.422351100
格式化之后2023年4月8日
2008-08-08
*/

3.时间类

Instant类：用于表示时间的对象，类似之前所学习的Date

import java.time.*;
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        Instant now = Instant.now();
        System.out.println("当时的时间截是：" + now);

        ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = Instant.now().atZone(ZoneId.of("Asia/Shanghai"));
        System.out.println(zonedDateTime);
    }
}

ZoneId类

import java.time.*;
import java.util.Set;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        //获取Java中支持的所有时区
        Set<String> set = ZoneId.getAvailableZoneIds();
        System.out.println(set);
        System.out.println(set.size());
        System.out.println("-----------------------------------------");

        //获取系统默认时区
        ZoneId zoneId = ZoneId.systemDefault();
        System.out.println(zoneId);
        System.out.println("-----------------------------------------");

        //获取一个指定时区
        ZoneId of = ZoneId.of("Africa/Nairobi");
        System.out.println(of);

        ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = Instant.now().atZone(of);
        System.out.println(zonedDateTime);
    }
}
//运行结果：
/*
[Asia/Aden, America/Cuiaba, Etc/GMT+9, Etc/GMT+8, Africa/Nairobi, America/Marigot, Asia/Aqtau, Pacific/Kwajalein, America/El_Salvador, Asia/Pontianak, Africa/Cairo, Pacific/Pago_Pago, Africa/Mbabane, Asia/Kuching, Pacific/Honolulu, Pacific/Rarotonga, America/Guatemala, Australia/Hobart, Europe/London, America/Belize, America/Panama, Asia/Chungking, America/Managua, America/Indiana/Petersburg, Asia/Yerevan, Europe/Brussels, GMT, Europe/Warsaw, America/Chicago, Asia/Kashgar, Chile/Continental, Pacific/Yap, CET, Etc/GMT-1, Etc/GMT-0, Europe/Jersey, America/Tegucigalpa, Etc/GMT-5, Europe/Istanbul, America/Eirunepe, Etc/GMT-4, America/Miquelon, Etc/GMT-3, Europe/Luxembourg, Etc/GMT-2, Etc/GMT-9, America/Argentina/Catamarca, Etc/GMT-8, Etc/GMT-7, Etc/GMT-6, Europe/Zaporozhye, Canada/Yukon, Canada/Atlantic, Atlantic/St_Helena, Australia/Tasmania, Libya, Europe/Guernsey, America/Grand_Turk, Asia/Samarkand, America/Argentina/Cordoba, Asia/Phnom_Penh, Africa/Kigali, Asia/Almaty, US/Alaska, Asia/Dubai, Europe/Isle_of_Man, America/Araguaina, Cuba, Asia/Novosibirsk, America/Argentina/Salta, Etc/GMT+3, Africa/Tunis, Etc/GMT+2, Etc/GMT+1, Pacific/Fakaofo, Africa/Tripoli, Etc/GMT+0, Israel, Africa/Banjul, Etc/GMT+7, Indian/Comoro, Etc/GMT+6, Etc/GMT+5, Etc/GMT+4, Pacific/Port_Moresby, US/Arizona, Antarctica/Syowa, Indian/Reunion, Pacific/Palau, Europe/Kaliningrad, America/Montevideo, Africa/Windhoek, Asia/Karachi, Africa/Mogadishu, Australia/Perth, Brazil/East, Etc/GMT, Asia/Chita, Pacific/Easter, Antarctica/Davis, Antarctica/McMurdo, Asia/Macao, America/Manaus, Africa/Freetown, Europe/Bucharest, Asia/Tomsk, America/Argentina/Mendoza, Asia/Macau, Europe/Malta, Mexico/BajaSur, Pacific/Tahiti, Africa/Asmera, Europe/Busingen, America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos, Africa/Malabo, Europe/Skopje, America/Catamarca, America/Godthab, Europe/Sarajevo, Australia/ACT, GB-Eire, Africa/Lagos, America/Cordoba, Europe/Rome, Asia/Dacca, Indian/Mauritius, Pacific/Samoa, America/Regina, America/Fort_Wayne, America/Dawson_Creek, Africa/Algiers, Europe/Mariehamn, America/St_Johns, America/St_Thomas, Europe/Zurich, America/Anguilla, Asia/Dili, America/Denver, Africa/Bamako, Europe/Saratov, GB, Mexico/General, Pacific/Wallis, Europe/Gibraltar, Africa/Conakry, Africa/Lubumbashi, Asia/Istanbul, America/Havana, NZ-CHAT, Asia/Choibalsan, America/Porto_Acre, Asia/Omsk, Europe/Vaduz, US/Michigan, Asia/Dhaka, America/Barbados, Europe/Tiraspol, Atlantic/Cape_Verde, Asia/Yekaterinburg, America/Louisville, Pacific/Johnston, Pacific/Chatham, Europe/Ljubljana, America/Sao_Paulo, Asia/Jayapura, America/Curacao, Asia/Dushanbe, America/Guyana, America/Guayaquil, America/Martinique, Portugal, Europe/Berlin, Europe/Moscow, Europe/Chisinau, America/Puerto_Rico, America/Rankin_Inlet, Pacific/Ponape, Europe/Stockholm, Europe/Budapest, America/Argentina/Jujuy, Australia/Eucla, Asia/Shanghai, Universal, Europe/Zagreb, America/Port_of_Spain, Europe/Helsinki, Asia/Beirut, Asia/Tel_Aviv, Pacific/Bougainville, US/Central, Africa/Sao_Tome, Indian/Chagos, America/Cayenne, Asia/Yakutsk, Pacific/Galapagos, Australia/North, Europe/Paris, Africa/Ndjamena, Pacific/Fiji, America/Rainy_River, Indian/Maldives, Australia/Yancowinna, SystemV/AST4, Asia/Oral, America/Yellowknife, Pacific/Enderbury, America/Juneau, Australia/Victoria, America/Indiana/Vevay, Asia/Tashkent, Asia/Jakarta, Africa/Ceuta, Asia/Barnaul, America/Recife, America/Buenos_Aires, America/Noronha, America/Swift_Current, Australia/Adelaide, America/Metlakatla, Africa/Djibouti, America/Paramaribo, Asia/Qostanay, Europe/Simferopol, Europe/Sofia, Africa/Nouakchott, Europe/Prague, America/Indiana/Vincennes, Antarctica/Mawson, America/Kralendijk, Antarctica/Troll, Europe/Samara, Indian/Christmas, America/Antigua, Pacific/Gambier, America/Indianapolis, America/Inuvik, America/Iqaluit, Pacific/Funafuti, UTC, Antarctica/Macquarie, Canada/Pacific, America/Moncton, Africa/Gaborone, Pacific/Chuuk, Asia/Pyongyang, America/St_Vincent, Asia/Gaza, Etc/Universal, PST8PDT, Atlantic/Faeroe, Asia/Qyzylorda, Canada/Newfoundland, America/Kentucky/Louisville, America/Yakutat, Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh, Antarctica/Casey, Europe/Copenhagen, Africa/Asmara, Atlantic/Azores, Europe/Vienna, ROK, Pacific/Pitcairn, America/Mazatlan, Australia/Queensland, Pacific/Nauru, Europe/Tirane, Asia/Kolkata, SystemV/MST7, Australia/Canberra, MET, Australia/Broken_Hill, Europe/Riga, America/Dominica, Africa/Abidjan, America/Mendoza, America/Santarem, Kwajalein, America/Asuncion, Asia/Ulan_Bator, NZ, America/Boise, Australia/Currie, EST5EDT, Pacific/Guam, Pacific/Wake, Atlantic/Bermuda, America/Costa_Rica, America/Dawson, Asia/Chongqing, Eire, Europe/Amsterdam, America/Indiana/Knox, America/North_Dakota/Beulah, Africa/Accra, Atlantic/Faroe, Mexico/BajaNorte, America/Maceio, Etc/UCT, Pacific/Apia, GMT0, America/Atka, Pacific/Niue, Australia/Lord_Howe, Europe/Dublin, Pacific/Truk, MST7MDT, America/Monterrey, America/Nassau, America/Jamaica, Asia/Bishkek, America/Atikokan, Atlantic/Stanley, Australia/NSW, US/Hawaii, SystemV/CST6, Indian/Mahe, Asia/Aqtobe, America/Sitka, Asia/Vladivostok, Africa/Libreville, Africa/Maputo, Zulu, America/Kentucky/Monticello, Africa/El_Aaiun, Africa/Ouagadougou, America/Coral_Harbour, Pacific/Marquesas, Brazil/West, America/Aruba, America/North_Dakota/Center, America/Cayman, Asia/Ulaanbaatar, Asia/Baghdad, Europe/San_Marino, America/Indiana/Tell_City, America/Tijuana, Pacific/Saipan, SystemV/YST9, Africa/Douala, America/Chihuahua, America/Ojinaga, Asia/Hovd, America/Anchorage, Chile/EasterIsland, America/Halifax, Antarctica/Rothera, America/Indiana/Indianapolis, US/Mountain, Asia/Damascus, America/Argentina/San_Luis, America/Santiago, Asia/Baku, America/Argentina/Ushuaia, Atlantic/Reykjavik, Africa/Brazzaville, Africa/Porto-Novo, America/La_Paz, Antarctica/DumontDUrville, Asia/Taipei, Antarctica/South_Pole, Asia/Manila, Asia/Bangkok, Africa/Dar_es_Salaam, Poland, Atlantic/Madeira, Antarctica/Palmer, America/Thunder_Bay, Africa/Addis_Ababa, Asia/Yangon, Europe/Uzhgorod, Brazil/DeNoronha, Asia/Ashkhabad, Etc/Zulu, America/Indiana/Marengo, America/Creston, America/Punta_Arenas, America/Mexico_City, Antarctica/Vostok, Asia/Jerusalem, Europe/Andorra, US/Samoa, PRC, Asia/Vientiane, Pacific/Kiritimati, America/Matamoros, America/Blanc-Sablon, Asia/Riyadh, Iceland, Pacific/Pohnpei, Asia/Ujung_Pandang, Atlantic/South_Georgia, Europe/Lisbon, Asia/Harbin, Europe/Oslo, Asia/Novokuznetsk, CST6CDT, Atlantic/Canary, America/Knox_IN, Asia/Kuwait, SystemV/HST10, Pacific/Efate, Africa/Lome, America/Bogota, America/Menominee, America/Adak, Pacific/Norfolk, Europe/Kirov, America/Resolute, Pacific/Kanton, Pacific/Tarawa, Africa/Kampala, Asia/Krasnoyarsk, Greenwich, SystemV/EST5, America/Edmonton, Europe/Podgorica, Australia/South, Canada/Central, Africa/Bujumbura, America/Santo_Domingo, US/Eastern, Europe/Minsk, Pacific/Auckland, Africa/Casablanca, America/Glace_Bay, Canada/Eastern, Asia/Qatar, Europe/Kiev, Singapore, Asia/Magadan, SystemV/PST8, America/Port-au-Prince, Europe/Belfast, America/St_Barthelemy, Asia/Ashgabat, Africa/Luanda, America/Nipigon, Atlantic/Jan_Mayen, Brazil/Acre, Asia/Muscat, Asia/Bahrain, Europe/Vilnius, America/Fortaleza, Etc/GMT0, US/East-Indiana, America/Hermosillo, America/Cancun, Africa/Maseru, Pacific/Kosrae, Africa/Kinshasa, Asia/Kathmandu, Asia/Seoul, Australia/Sydney, America/Lima, Australia/LHI, America/St_Lucia, Europe/Madrid, America/Bahia_Banderas, America/Montserrat, Asia/Brunei, America/Santa_Isabel, Canada/Mountain, America/Cambridge_Bay, Asia/Colombo, Australia/West, Indian/Antananarivo, Australia/Brisbane, Indian/Mayotte, US/Indiana-Starke, Asia/Urumqi, US/Aleutian, Europe/Volgograd, America/Lower_Princes, America/Vancouver, Africa/Blantyre, America/Rio_Branco, America/Danmarkshavn, America/Detroit, America/Thule, Africa/Lusaka, Asia/Hong_Kong, Iran, America/Argentina/La_Rioja, Africa/Dakar, SystemV/CST6CDT, America/Tortola, America/Porto_Velho, Asia/Sakhalin, Etc/GMT+10, America/Scoresbysund, Asia/Kamchatka, Asia/Thimbu, Africa/Harare, Etc/GMT+12, Etc/GMT+11, Navajo, America/Nome, Europe/Tallinn, Turkey, Africa/Khartoum, Africa/Johannesburg, Africa/Bangui, Europe/Belgrade, Jamaica, Africa/Bissau, Asia/Tehran, WET, Europe/Astrakhan, Africa/Juba, America/Campo_Grande, America/Belem, Etc/Greenwich, Asia/Saigon, America/Ensenada, Pacific/Midway, America/Jujuy, Africa/Timbuktu, America/Bahia, America/Goose_Bay, America/Virgin, America/Pangnirtung, Asia/Katmandu, America/Phoenix, Africa/Niamey, America/Whitehorse, Pacific/Noumea, Asia/Tbilisi, Europe/Kyiv, America/Montreal, Asia/Makassar, America/Argentina/San_Juan, Hongkong, UCT, Asia/Nicosia, America/Indiana/Winamac, SystemV/MST7MDT, America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia, America/Boa_Vista, America/Grenada, Asia/Atyrau, Australia/Darwin, Asia/Khandyga, Asia/Kuala_Lumpur, Asia/Famagusta, Asia/Thimphu, Asia/Rangoon, Europe/Bratislava, Asia/Calcutta, America/Argentina/Tucuman, Asia/Kabul, Indian/Cocos, Japan, Pacific/Tongatapu, America/New_York, Etc/GMT-12, Etc/GMT-11, America/Nuuk, Etc/GMT-10, SystemV/YST9YDT, Europe/Ulyanovsk, Etc/GMT-14, Etc/GMT-13, W-SU, America/Merida, EET, America/Rosario, Canada/Saskatchewan, America/St_Kitts, Arctic/Longyearbyen, America/Fort_Nelson, America/Caracas, America/Guadeloupe, Asia/Hebron, Indian/Kerguelen, SystemV/PST8PDT, Africa/Monrovia, Asia/Ust-Nera, Egypt, Asia/Srednekolymsk, America/North_Dakota/New_Salem, Asia/Anadyr, Australia/Melbourne, Asia/Irkutsk, America/Shiprock, America/Winnipeg, Europe/Vatican, Asia/Amman, Etc/UTC, SystemV/AST4ADT, Asia/Tokyo, America/Toronto, Asia/Singapore, Australia/Lindeman, America/Los_Angeles, SystemV/EST5EDT, Pacific/Majuro, America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires, Europe/Nicosia, Pacific/Guadalcanal, Europe/Athens, US/Pacific, Europe/Monaco]
602
-----------------------------------------
Asia/Shanghai
-----------------------------------------
Africa/Nairobi
2023-04-08T09:17:21.363776200+03:00[Africa/Nairobi]
*/

Instant时间戳

用于表现时间的对象，类似之前所学习的Date

import java.time.*;
import java.util.Set;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        //获取当前时间的Instant对象（标准时间）
        Instant now = Instant.now();
        System.out.println("当前时间为（世界标准时间）:" + now);
        System.out.println("----------------------------------");

        //根据（秒/毫秒/纳秒）获取Instant对象
        Instant instant1 = Instant.ofEpochMilli(1000);
        Instant instant2 = Instant.ofEpochSecond(5);

        System.out.println(instant1);
        System.out.println(instant2);
        System.out.println("----------------------------------");

        //指定时区
        ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = Instant.now().atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault());
        System.out.println("带时间的时区:" + zonedDateTime);
        System.out.println("----------------------------------");

        //判断系列的方法
        System.out.println(now.isBefore(instant1));
        System.out.println(now.isAfter(instant1));
        System.out.println("----------------------------------");

        //减少时间系列的方法
        System.out.println("减1000毫秒:" + now.minusMillis(1000));
        System.out.println("减1000毫秒:" + now.minusSeconds(5));
        System.out.println("----------------------------------");

        //增加时间系列的方法
        System.out.println("加1000毫秒:" + now.plusMillis(1000));
        System.out.println("加5秒钟:" + now.plusSeconds(5));
        System.out.println("----------------------------------");
    }
}
//运行结果：
/*
----------------------------------
1970-01-01T00:00:01Z
1970-01-01T00:00:05Z
----------------------------------
带时间的时区:2023-04-08T14:27:00.841167600+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
----------------------------------
false
true
----------------------------------
减1000毫秒:2023-04-08T06:26:59.836179900Z
减1000毫秒:2023-04-08T06:26:55.836179900Z
----------------------------------
加1000毫秒:2023-04-08T06:27:01.836179900Z
加5秒钟:2023-04-08T06:27:05.836179900Z
----------------------------------
*/

ZoneDateTime带时区的时间对象

import java.time.*;
import java.util.Set;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        //获取当前时间的ZoneDateTime对象
        ZonedDateTime now = ZonedDateTime.now();
        System.out.println(now);
        System.out.println("---------------------------------------------");

        //获取指定时间的ZoneDateTime对象
        ZonedDateTime of = ZonedDateTime.of
                (2008,8,8,8,8,8,8,ZoneId.systemDefault());
        System.out.println(of);
        System.out.println("---------------------------------------------");

        //修改时间系列的方法
        System.out.println(now.withYear(2008));
        System.out.println(now.withMonth(8));
        System.out.println(now.withDayOfMonth(8));
        System.out.println("---------------------------------------------");

        //减少时间系列的方法
        System.out.println(now.minusYears(1));
        System.out.println(now.minusMonths(1));
        System.out.println(now.minusDays(1));
        System.out.println("---------------------------------------------");

        //增加时间系列的方法
        System.out.println(now.plusYears(1));
        System.out.println(now.plusMonths(1));
        System.out.println(now.plusDays(1));
    }
}
//运行结果：
/*
2023-04-08T14:33:49.214969800+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
---------------------------------------------
2008-08-08T08:08:08.000000008+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
---------------------------------------------
2008-04-08T14:33:49.214969800+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
2023-08-08T14:33:49.214969800+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
2023-04-08T14:33:49.214969800+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
---------------------------------------------
2022-04-08T14:33:49.214969800+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
2023-03-08T14:33:49.214969800+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
2023-04-07T14:33:49.214969800+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
---------------------------------------------
2024-04-08T14:33:49.214969800+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
2023-05-08T14:33:49.214969800+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
2023-04-09T14:33:49.214969800+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
*/

4.工具类

Period类（年月日）

import java.time.*;
import java.util.Set;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        //此刻年月日
        LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
        System.out.println(today);

        //昨天年月日
        LocalDate otherDate = LocalDate.of(2023,4,7);
        System.out.println(otherDate);

        //Period对象表示时间的间隔对象
        Period period = Period.between(today,otherDate);

        System.out.println(period.getYears());
        System.out.println(period.getMonths());
        System.out.println(period.getDays());
        System.out.println(period.toTotalMonths());
    }
}
//运行结果
/*
2023-04-08
2023-04-07
0
0
-1
0
*/

Duration类

计算日期分隔（时分秒）

import java.time.*;
import java.util.Set;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        //此刻年月日
        LocalDateTime today = LocalDateTime.now();
        System.out.println(today);

        //昨天年月日
        LocalDateTime otherDate = LocalDateTime.of(2023,4,7,0,0,0);
        System.out.println(otherDate);

        //Period对象表示时间的间隔对象
        Duration duration = Duration.between(otherDate,today);//第二个参数减第一个参数

        System.out.println(duration.toDays());
        System.out.println(duration.toHours());
        System.out.println(duration.toMinutes());
        System.out.println(duration.toMillis());
        System.out.println(duration.toNanos());
    }
}
//运行结果
/*
2023-04-08T14:41:51.591002
2023-04-07T00:00
1
38
2321
139311591
139311591002000
*/

ChronoUnit可用于在单个时间内测量一段时间，这个工具类是最全了的，可以用于比较所有的时间单位

import java.time.*;
import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
import java.util.Set;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        //本地日期时间对象：此刻的
        LocalDateTime today = LocalDateTime.now();
        System.out.println(today);

        //生日时间
        LocalDateTime birthDate = LocalDateTime.of
                (2003,11,3,0,0,0);
        System.out.println(birthDate);

        System.out.println("相差的年数：" + ChronoUnit.YEARS.between(birthDate,today));
        System.out.println("相差的月数：" + ChronoUnit.MONTHS.between(birthDate,today));
        System.out.println("相差的周数：" + ChronoUnit.WEEKS.between(birthDate,today));
        System.out.println("相差的天数：" + ChronoUnit.DAYS.between(birthDate,today));
        System.out.println("相差的时数：" + ChronoUnit.HOURS.between(birthDate,today));
        System.out.println("相差的分数：" + ChronoUnit.MINUTES.between(birthDate,today));
        System.out.println("相差的秒数：" + ChronoUnit.SECONDS.between(birthDate,today));
        System.out.println("相差的毫秒数：" + ChronoUnit.MILLIS.between(birthDate,today));
        System.out.println("相差的微秒数：" + ChronoUnit.MICROS.between(birthDate,today));
        System.out.println("相差的纳秒数：" + ChronoUnit.NANOS.between(birthDate,today));
        System.out.println("相差的半天数：" + ChronoUnit.HALF_DAYS.between(birthDate,today));
        System.out.println("相差的十年数：" + ChronoUnit.DECADES.between(birthDate,today));
        System.out.println("相差的世纪（百年）数：" + ChronoUnit.CENTURIES.between(birthDate,today));
        System.out.println("相差的千年数：" + ChronoUnit.MILLENNIA.between(birthDate,today));
        System.out.println("相差的纪元数：" + ChronoUnit.ERAS.between(birthDate,today));
    }
}
//运行结果
/*
2023-04-08T14:48:31.251359900
2003-11-03T00:00
相差的年数：19
相差的月数：233
相差的周数：1013
相差的天数：7096
相差的时数：170318
相差的分数：10219128
相差的秒数：613147711
相差的毫秒数：613147711251
相差的微秒数：613147711251359
相差的纳秒数：613147711251359900
相差的半天数：14193
相差的十年数：1
相差的世纪（百年）数：0
相差的千年数：0
相差的纪元数：0
*/