第一周 第二天 学习总结[路由]
本周学习计划
学习路由部分的知识
1、学习每个路由协议的原理,需要学习的路由协议有默认路由、静态路由、直连路由、rip、ospf ,bgp、isis
2、掌握每个路由协议之间的区别
3、掌握每个路由协议的优先级、学会路由之间的重分发(实验)
4、掌握bgp选路原则
5、掌握路由策略和策略路由
6、学策略ACL(基本acl+扩展acl(选学))、NAT、VPN【底层原理,规则,实验】
本日(七月三日)学习计划
1.学习动态路由IS-IS,BGP的配置命令,并实验
2.学习策略路由和路由策略的配置命令,并实验
3.复习静态路由的配置
4.复习动态路由 RIP,OSPF,EIGRP的配置
附加:下午两点半做考试题目(边讲边做)
复习静态路由的配置
实验模拟器:Cisco Packet Tracer v8.2
实验拓扑图如下:
步骤一:配置PC的ip、网关
步骤二:配置所有设备的接口ip
交换机Multilayer Switch0:
Switch(config)#int f0/1
Switch(config-if)#no sw
Switch(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#int f0/2
Switch(config-if)#no switchport
Switch(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#int f0/24
Switch(config-if)#no sw
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
路由器Router1:
Router(config)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
路由器Router2:
Router(config)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.254 255.255.255.0
步骤三:进行所有设备的静态路由配置
静态路由命令:
ip route <目标ip> <子网掩码> <回路ip>
交换机Multilayer Switch0:
Switch(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2
Switch(config)#ip route 192.168.30.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2
路由器Router1
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.30.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2
路由器Router2
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1
步骤四:测试网络连通性,发现可以连通
ping 192.168.20.1
Pinging 192.168.20.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Ping statistics for 192.168.20.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
C:\>ping 192.168.30.1
Pinging 192.168.30.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Ping statistics for 192.168.30.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 2, Lost = 2 (50% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 2ms, Maximum = 2ms, Average = 2ms
静态路由配置完成,全网互通已经实现
复习动态路由RIPv2的技术配置
实验模拟器:Cisco Packet Tracer v8.2
实验拓扑图如下:
步骤一 :配置所有PC机的ip以及网关
步骤二:配置所有设备相连端口的ip地址
交换机Multilayer Switch0:
Switch(config)#int f0/1
Switch(config-if)#no switchport
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#int f0/2
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#int f0/24
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown
路由器Router0:
Router(config)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
路由器Router1:
Router(config)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.254 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#
步骤三:配置所有设备的RIP动态路由
交换机Multilayer Switch0:
Switch(config)#ip routing
Switch(config)#router rip
Switch(config-router)#version 2
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0
路由器Router0:
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config-router)#version 2
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0
路由器Router1:
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config-router)#version 2
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0
步骤四:测试网络连通性,发现可以连通
Cisco Packet Tracer PC Command Line 1.0
C:\>ping 192.168.20.1
Pinging 192.168.20.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Ping statistics for 192.168.20.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
C:\>ping 192.168.30.1
Pinging 192.168.30.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Ping statistics for 192.168.30.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 2ms, Maximum = 2ms, Average = 2ms
动态路由rip配置完成,全网互通已经实现
复习动态路由EIGRP协议配置
实验模拟器:Cisco Packet Tracer v8.2
实验拓扑图如下:
步骤一:配置所有pc的IP地址
步骤二:配置所有设备相连的端口IP
交换机Multilayer Switch0:
Switch(config)#int f0/1
Switch(config-if)#no switchport
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#int f0/2
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#int f0/24
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown
路由器Router0:
Router(config)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
路由器Router1:
Router(config)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.254 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#
步骤三:配置所有设备的EIGRP的技术
交换机Multilayer Switch0:
Switch(config)#route eigrp 1
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0
路由器Router0:
Router(config)#router eigrp 1
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0
路由器Router1:
Router(config)#router eigrp 1
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0
步骤四:测试网络连通性,发现可以连通
C:\>ping 192.168.30.1
Pinging 192.168.30.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Ping statistics for 192.168.30.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 2ms, Maximum = 2ms, Average = 2ms
C:\>ping 192.168.20.1
Pinging 192.168.20.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Ping statistics for 192.168.20.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
动态路由EIGRP配置完成,全网互联已经实现
复习动态路由OSPF协议配置
实验模拟器:Cisco Packet Tracer v8.2
实验拓扑图如下:
步骤一:配置所有PC的IP地址
步骤二:配置所有设备相连的端口IP
交换机Multilayer Switch0:
Switch(config)#int f0/1
Switch(config-if)#no switchport
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#int f0/2
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#int f0/24
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown
路由器Router0:
Router(config)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
路由器Router1:
Router(config)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.254 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#
步骤三:配置OSPF技术
交换机Multilayer Switch0:
Switch(config)#router ospf 1
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
路由器Router0:
Router(config)#router ospf 1
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
路由器Router1:
Router(config)#router ospf 1
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
步骤四:测试网络连通性,发现可以连通
C:\>ping 192.168.20.1
Pinging 192.168.20.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Ping statistics for 192.168.20.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
C:\>ping 192.168.30.1
Pinging 192.168.30.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Ping statistics for 192.168.30.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 2ms, Maximum = 2ms, Average = 2ms
动态路由OSPF配置完成,全网互通已经实现
(重点)每日一练:写题目[交换机综合应用](边讲边做)
实验模拟器:EVE-ng
题目要求:
拓扑图如下:
步骤一:创建所有设备的vlan,并给创建的vlan配置ip(sw3不配)
配ip步骤略
步骤二:配置所有设备相连接口模式为trunk
SW1(config)#int range e0/1-3
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
SW2(config)#int range e0/1-3
SW2(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
SW2(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
SW2(config)#int range e0/1-2
SW2(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
SW2(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
步骤三:配置SW1与SW2的互联接口配置链路聚合
SW1(config)#int range e0/1-2
SW1(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode on
SW1(config-if-range)#
SW2(config)#int range e0/1-2
SW2(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode on
SW2(config-if-range)#
步骤四:配置SW1和SW2的生成树协议,vlan10,20为主,vlan30,40为备
SW1(config)#spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst
SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10 priority 4096
SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 20 priority 4096
SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 30 root primary
SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 40 root primary
SW2(config)#spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10 priority 4096
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 20 priority 4096
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 30 root primary
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 40 root primary
此时通过show run 发现SW1,SW2的生成树vlan优先级相同,因此两边会发生冲突。
此时将SW2的vlan30,40的优先级改为主,10,20的优先级为备即可解决
SW2(config)#no spanning-tree vlan 10 priority 4096
SW2(config)#no spanning-tree vlan 20 priority 4096
SW2(config)#no spanning-tree vlan 30 root primary
SW2(config)#no spanning-tree vlan 40 root primary
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 30 priority 4096
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 40 priority 4096
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10 root primary
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 20 root primary
步骤五:配置HSRP的冗余网关组
SW1(config)#int vlan 10
SW1(config-if)#standby 10 priority 100
SW1(config-if)#standby 10 ip 192.168.10.254
SW1(config)#int vlan 20
SW1(config-if)#standby 20 priority 100
SW1(config-if)#standby 20 ip 192.168.20.254
SW1(config)#int vlan 30
SW1(config-if)#standby 30 priority 110
SW1(config-if)#standby 30 ip 192.168.30.254
SW1(config)#int vlan 40
SW1(config-if)#standby 40 priority 110
SW1(config-if)#standby 40 ip 192.168.40.254
SW2(config)#int vlan 10
SW2(config-if)#standby 10 priority 110
SW2(config-if)#standby 10 ip 192.168.10.254
SW2(config)#int vlan 20
SW2(config-if)#standby 20 priority 110
SW2(config-if)#standby 20 ip 192.168.20.254
SW2(config)#int vlan 30
SW2(config-if)#standby 30 priority 100
SW2(config-if)#standby 30 ip 192.168.30.254
SW2(config)#int vlan 40
SW2(config-if)#standby 40 priority 100
SW2(config-if)#standby 40 ip 192.168.40.254
配置完成
本日笔记
明日计划
1.学习动态路由IS-IS,BGP的配置命令,并实验
2.学习策略路由和路由策略的配置命令,并实验
7月3日