6-4 骡子

请设计以下食草动物、马、驴、骡等 4 个类。

• HERB 为食草动物类，是公共基类，具有食草动物的基本特性。包括：

  一个保护数据成员：appet(食量)。

  三个公有成员函数：构造函数(初始化食量)、析构函数和 Show 函数(显示食量)。

• HORSE 为马类，以公有方式继承 HERB 类，具有食草动物的特性，还能跑得很快。包括：

  一个保护数据成员：speed(速度)。

  三个公有成员函数：构造函数、析构函数和 Show 函数(显示食量和速度)。

• DONKEY 为驴类，以公有方式继承 HERB 类，具有食草动物的特性，还能驼重物。包括：

  一个保护数据成员：load(负重)。

  三个公有成员函数：构造函数、析构函数和 Show 函数(显示食量和负重)。

• MULE 为骡类，同时以公有方式继承 HORSE 类和 DONKEY 类，兼具马和驴的特性。包括：

  三个公有成员函数：构造函数、析构函数和 Show 函数(显示食量、速度和负重)。

测试用例

• 样例一

HERB *p; p = new HERB(2.1); p->Show(); delete p;

A herb is born.
I need 2.1 kg food.
A herb is dead.

• 样例二

HERB *p; p = new HORSE(4.5, 58.2); p->Show(); delete p;

A herb is born.
A horse is born.
I need 4.5 kg food, I can run at 58.2 km/h.
A horse is dead.
A herb is dead.

• 样例三

HERB *p; p = new DONKEY(2.4, 213.7); p->Show(); delete p;

A herb is born.
A donkey is born.
I need 2.4 kg food, I can carry 213.7 kg load.
A donkey is dead.
A herb is dead.

• 样例四

HERB *p; p = new MULE(2.8, 46.7, 208.9); p->Show(); delete p;

A herb is born.
A horse is born.
A donkey is born.
A mule is born.
I need 2.8 kg food, I can run at 46.7 km/h, I can carry 208.9 kg load.
A mule is dead.
A donkey is dead.
A horse is dead.
A herb is dead.

裁判程序

#include <iostream> using namespace std; /* 你提交的代码将被嵌在这里 */ int main() { double a, s, l; HERB *p; cin >> a >> s >> l; p = new MULE(a, s, l); p->Show(); delete p; return 0; }

输入样例

2.1 54.6 198.3

输出样例

A herb is born.
A horse is born.
A donkey is born.
A mule is born.
I need 2.1 kg food, I can run at 54.6 km/h, I can carry 198.3 kg load.
A mule is dead.
A donkey is dead.
A horse is dead.
A herb is dead.

答案1：

class HERB {
protected:
    double appet; // 食量

public:
    // 构造函数
    HERB(double a) : appet(a) {
        cout << "A herb is born." << endl;
    }

    // 析构函数
    virtual ~HERB() {
        cout << "A herb is dead." << endl;
    }

    // 显示食量
    virtual void Show() const {
        cout << "I need " << appet << " kg food." << endl;
    }
};

// 马类
class HORSE : virtual public HERB {
protected:
    double speed; // 速度

public:
    // 构造函数
    HORSE(double a, double s) : HERB(a), speed(s) {
        cout << "A horse is born." << endl;
    }

    // 析构函数
    virtual ~HORSE() {
        cout << "A horse is dead." << endl;
    }

    // 显示食量和速度
    virtual void Show() const {
        cout << "I need " << appet << " kg food, I can run at " << speed << " km/h." << endl;
    }
};

// 驴类
class DONKEY : virtual public HERB {
protected:
    double load; // 负重

public:
    // 构造函数
    DONKEY(double a, double l) : HERB(a), load(l) {
        cout << "A donkey is born." << endl;
    }

    // 析构函数
    virtual ~DONKEY() {
        cout << "A donkey is dead." << endl;
    }

    // 显示食量和负重
    virtual void Show() const {
        cout << "I need " << appet << " kg food, I can carry " << load << " kg load." << endl;
    }
};

// 骡类
class MULE : public HORSE, public DONKEY {
public:
    // 构造函数
    MULE(double a, double s, double l) : HERB(a), HORSE(a, s), DONKEY(a, l) {
        cout << "A mule is born." << endl;
    }

    // 析构函数
    virtual ~MULE() {
        cout << "A mule is dead." << endl;
    }

    // 显示食量、速度和负重
    virtual void Show() const {
        cout << "I need " << appet << " kg food, I can run at " << speed << " km/h, I can carry " << load << " kg load." << endl;
    }
};

答案2纯净版：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class HERB
{
    protected:
    double appet;

    public:
    HERB(double a):appet(a)
    {
        cout<<"A herb is born."<<endl;
    }

    virtual ~HERB()
    {
        cout<<"A herb is dead."<<endl;
    }

    virtual void Show() const
    {
        cout<<"I need "<<appet<<" kg food."<<endl;
    }
};

class HORSE : virtual public HERB
{
    protected:
    double speed;

    public:
    HORSE(double a,double s):HERB(a),speed(s)
    {
        cout<<"A horse is born."<<endl;
    }
    
    virtual ~HORSE()
    {
        cout<<"A horse is dead."<<endl;
    }

    virtual void Show() const
    {
        cout << "I need " << appet << " kg food, I can run at " << speed << " km/h." << endl;
    };
};

class DONKEY : virtual public HERB
{
    protected:
    double load;

    public:
    DONKEY(double a,double l):HERB(a),load(l)
    {
        cout<<"A donkey is born."<<endl;
    }
    
    virtual ~DONKEY()
    {
        cout<<"A donkey is dead."<<endl;
    }

    virtual void Show() const
    {
        cout << "I need " << appet << " kg food, I can carry " << load << " kg load." << endl;
    }
};

class MULE :public HORSE,public DONKEY
{
    public:
    MULE(double a,double s,double l):HERB(a), HORSE(a, s), DONKEY(a, l)
    {
        cout<<"A mule is born."<<endl;
    }

    virtual ~MULE()
    {
        cout<<"A mule is dead."<<endl;
    }

    virtual void Show() const
    {
        cout << "I need " << appet << " kg food, I can run at " << speed << " km/h, I can carry " << load << " kg load." << endl;
    }

};