8.28.

int main()
{
    string str;
    cout << "请输入字符串：";
    getline(cin, str);
    int big_num = 0;
    int smoll_num = 0;
    int blank_num = 0;
    int number_num = 0;
    int other = 0;
    for(int i=0;i<str.size();i++)
    {
        if(str.at(i)>='a' && str.at(i)<='z')
        {
            smoll_num++;
        }
        else if(str.at(i)>='1' && str.at(i)<='9')
        {
            number_num++;
        }
        else if(str.at(i)>='A' && str.at(i)<='Z')
        {
            big_num++;
        }
        else if(str.at(i) == ' ')
        {
            blank_num++;
        }
        else
        {
            other++;
        }

    }
    cout << "字符大写数量：" << big_num << endl;
    cout << "字符小写数量：" << smoll_num << endl;
    cout << "数字数量：" << number_num << endl;
    cout << "空格数量：" << blank_num << endl;
    cout << "其它字符数量：" << other << endl;
    return 0;
}