//创建钱包
wallet = new Wallet(Constants.NETWORK_PARAMETERS);
//创建WalletFiles，设置自动保存Wallet
WalletFiles walletFiles = wallet.autosaveToFile(walletFile, 3 * 1000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, null);
//立即保存
walletFiles.saveNow();
钱包创建源码分析:
-
Wallet
-
KeyChainGroup
-
DeterministicKeyChain
-
DeterministicSeed
protected DeterministicKeyChain(DeterministicSeed seed, @Nullable KeyCrypter crypter) {
this.seed = seed;
basicKeyChain = new BasicKeyChain(crypter);
if (!seed.isEncrypted()) {
rootKey = HDKeyDerivation.createMasterPrivateKey(checkNotNull(seed.getSeedBytes()));
rootKey.setCreationTimeSeconds(seed.getCreationTimeSeconds());
addToBasicChain(rootKey);
hierarchy = new DeterministicHierarchy(rootKey);
for (int i = 1; i <= getAccountPath().size(); i++) {
addToBasicChain(hierarchy.get(getAccountPath().subList(0, i), false, true));
}
initializeHierarchyUnencrypted(rootKey);
}
// Else…
// We can’t initialize ourselves with just an encrypted seed, so we expected deserialization code to do the
// rest of the setup (loading the root key).
}
获取钱包地址
Address address = wallet.currentAddress(KeyChain.KeyPurpose.RECEIVE_FUNDS);
address.toString();
在获取地址的过程中会调用RIMEMD-160算法处理公钥hash:
//Utils.java
public static byte[] sha256hash160(byte[] input) {
byte[] sha256 = Sha256Hash.hash(input);
RIPEMD160Digest digest = new RIPEMD160Digest();
digest.update(sha256, 0, sha256.length);
byte[] out = new byte[20];
digest.doFinal(out, 0);
return out;
}
处理公钥hash后会进行Base58算法：
//VersionedChecksummedBytes.java
public final String toBase58() {
// A stringified buffer is:
// 1 byte version + data bytes + 4 bytes check code (a truncated hash)
byte[] addressBytes = new byte[1 + bytes.length + 4];
addressBytes[0] = (byte) version;
System.arraycopy(bytes, 0, addressBytes, 1, bytes.length);
byte[] checksum = Sha256Hash.hashTwice(addressBytes, 0, bytes.length + 1);
System.arraycopy(checksum, 0, addressBytes, bytes.length + 1, 4);
return Base58.encode(addressBytes);
}
从文件中加载钱包
//读取钱包文件
File walletFile = activity.getFileStreamPath(“wallet-protobuf”);
if (walletFile.exists()) {
InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(walletFile);
//反序列化
wallet = new WalletProtobufSerializer().readWallet(inputStream);
//设置自动保存
wallet.autosaveToFile(walletFile, 3 * 1000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, null);
//清理钱包
wallet.cleanup();
}
创建地址二维码
String s = BitcoinURI.convertToBitcoinURI(address, null, null, null);
Bitmap bitmap = Qr.bitmap(s);
BitmapDrawable bitmapDrawable = new BitmapDrawable(getResources(), bitmap);
bitmapDrawable.setFilterBitmap(false);
mQrImageView.setImageDrawable(bitmapDrawable);
public static Bitmap bitmap(final String content) {
try {
final Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object>();
hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 0);
hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);
final BitMatrix result = QR_CODE_WRITER.encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, 0, 0, hints);
final int width = result.getWidth();
final int height = result.getHeight();
final byte[] pixels = new byte[width * height];
for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
final int offset = y * width;
for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
pixels[offset + x] = (byte) (result.get(x, y) ? -1 : 0);
}
}
final Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.ALPHA_8);
bitmap.copyPixelsFromBuffer(ByteBuffer.wrap(pixels));
return bitmap;
} catch (final WriterException x) {
log.info(“problem creating qr code”, x);
return null;
}
}
Bitcoin钱包收款和转账
比特币钱包余额需要统计所有钱包地址对应的UTXO
Simplified Payment Verification (SPV):节点无需下载所有的区块数据，而只需要加载所有区块头数据（block header的大小为80B），即可验证这笔交易是否曾经被比特币网络认证过。
布隆过滤器（Bloom Filter)：过滤掉那些不包含有目标地址的交易信息，这一步能避免掉大量不相关的数据下载。
创建区块链
//创建区块链文件
File blockChainFile = new File(getDir(“blockstore”, Context.MODE_PRIVATE), “blockchain”);
//创建SPVBlockStore，管理区块数据
blockStore = new SPVBlockStore(Constants.NETWORK_PARAMETERS, blockChainFile);
//加载检查点
final InputStream checkpointsInputStream = getAssets().open(“checkpoints-testnet.txt”);
CheckpointManager.checkpoint(Constants.NETWORK_PARAMETERS, checkpointsInputStream,
blockStore, earliestKeyCreationTime);
//创建区块链对象
blockChain = new BlockChain(Constants.NETWORK_PARAMETERS, wallet, blockStore);
同步区块链
//添加网络权限：
private void startup() {
Log.d(TAG, "startup: ");
peerGroup = new PeerGroup(Constants.NETWORK_PARAMETERS, blockChain);
peerGroup.setDownloadTxDependencies(0); // recursive implementation causes StackOverflowError
peerGroup.addWallet(wallet);//设置钱包，重要
try {
PackageInfo packageInfo = getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
peerGroup.setUserAgent(USER_AGENT, packageInfo.versionName);
} catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
peerGroup.setMaxConnections(8);
int connectTimeout = (int) (15 * DateUtils.SECOND_IN_MILLIS);
peerGroup.setConnectTimeoutMillis(connectTimeout);
int discoveryTimeout = (int) (10 * DateUtils.SECOND_IN_MILLIS);
peerGroup.addConnectedEventListener(mPeerConnectedEventListener);
peerGroup.addDisconnectedEventListener(mPeerDisconnectedEventListener);
peerGroup.addDiscoveredEventListener(mPeerDiscoveredEventListener);
peerGroup.setPeerDiscoveryTimeoutMillis(discoveryTimeout);
//添加节点探索器，重要
peerGroup.addPeerDiscovery(new PeerDiscovery() {
private final PeerDiscovery normalPeerDiscovery = MultiplexingDiscovery
.forServices(Constants.NETWORK_PARAMETERS, 0);
@Override
public InetSocketAddress[] getPeers(final long services, final long timeoutValue,
final TimeUnit timeoutUnit) throws PeerDiscoveryException {
return normalPeerDiscovery.getPeers(services, timeoutValue, timeoutUnit);
}
@Override
public void shutdown() {
normalPeerDiscovery.shutdown();
}
});
peerGroup.startAsync();
peerGroup.startBlockChainDownload(null);
}
比特币收款
获取测试用比特币：testnet.manu.backend.hamburg/faucet 刚收到的币可能需要几分钟后才能使用
//监听比特币接受事件
wallet.addCoinsReceivedEventListener(mWalletListener);
//刷新余额
Coin balance = wallet.getBalance(Wallet.BalanceType.ESTIMATED);
比特币转账
比特币测试链转账查询 创建一个Tx，对Tx进行签名，对Tx进行P2P网络广播
Address address = Address.fromBase58(Constants.NETWORK_PARAMETERS, to);
//转账金额，以mBTC为单位
Coin coin = MonetaryFormat.MBTC.parse(amount);
//创建请求
SendRequest sendRequest = SendRequest.to(address, coin);
try {
//创建Transaction
Transaction transaction = wallet.sendCoinsOffline(sendRequest);
//通过P2P广播
BlockChainService.broadcastTransaction(BitcoinWalletActivity.this, transaction);
} catch (InsufficientMoneyException e) {
Toast.makeText(this, e.getLocalizedMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
e.printStackTrace();
}
public static void broadcastTransaction(Context context, Transaction transaction) {
Intent intent = new Intent(ACTION_BROADCAST_TRANSACTION, null, context, BlockChainService.class);
intent.putExtra(ACTION_BROADCAST_TRANSACTION_HASH, transaction.getHash().getBytes());
context.startService(intent);
}
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
Log.d(TAG, "onStartCommand: ");
if (intent != null) {
byte[] txHash = intent.getByteArrayExtra(“tx”);
if (txHash != null) {
Sha256Hash sha256Hash = Sha256Hash.wrap(txHash);
Transaction transaction = BitcoinWalletManager.getInstance().getWallet().getTransaction(sha256Hash);
peerGroup.broadcastTransaction(transaction);
Log.d(TAG, "onStartCommand: " + sha256Hash.toString());
}
}
return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
}
以太坊钱包
以太坊钱包功能与比特币钱包功能类似，获取用户余额，管理地址和密钥，转账、智能合约调用。以太坊钱包一般不用在本地维护区块链数据，只需要使用JSON-RPC访问
钱包文件
KeyStore = 私钥 + 密码
如果使用ImToken创建钱包，创建了助记词，密码用来加密钱包地址对应的子私钥，加密的结果就是Keystore.
{
“address”: “001d3f1ef827552ae1114027bd3ecf1f086ba0f9”,
“crypto”: {
“cipher”: “aes-128-ctr”,
“ciphertext”: “233a9f4d236ed0c13394b504b6da5df02587c8bf1ad8946f6f2b58f055507ece”,
“cipherparams”: {
“iv”: “d10c6ec5bae81b6cb9144de81037fa15”
},
“kdf”: “scrypt”,
“kdfparams”: {
“dklen”: 32,
“n”: 262144,
“p”: 1,
“r”: 8,
“salt”: “99d37a47c7c9429c66976f643f386a61b78b97f3246adca89abe4245d2788407”
},
“mac”: “594c8df1c8ee0ded8255a50caf07e8c12061fd859f4b7c76ab704b17c957e842”
},
“id”: “4fcb2ba4-ccdb-424f-89d5-26cce304bf9c”,
“version”: 3
}
以太坊钱包地址创建过程
1、使用Secp256k1创建公私钥
2、通过Keccak算法得到公钥Hash值，进而得到长度为40的地址字符串
3、一般的，会在地址字符串签名加前缀"0x"
Web3j创建钱包
添加Web3j依赖
implementation ‘org.web3j:core:3.3.1-android’
创建新钱包
这里不涉及BIP协议，为非确定性钱包
Wallet.createStandard() 出现OOM, Out of Memory juejin.im/post/684490…
File walletDir = contextWrapper.getDir(“eth”, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
//生成密钥对
ECKeyPair ecKeyPair = Keys.createEcKeyPair();
//WalletFile = KeyStore
WalletFile wallet = Wallet.createLight(PASSWORD, ecKeyPair);
String walletFileName = getWalletFileName(wallet);
File destination = new File(walletDir, walletFileName);
objectMapper.writeValue(destination, wallet);
加载钱包文件
File[] files = walletDir.listFiles();
wallet = objectMapper.readValue(files[0], WalletFile.class);
通过助记词创建钱包
涉及BIP协议，但没有遵循bitcoin地址只使用一次的原则，钱包一般只使用派生出来第一个地址
可通过工具检查派生的地址是否正确
//创建助记词
public List createMnemonics() throws MnemonicException.MnemonicLengthException {
SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom();
byte[] entropy = new byte[DeterministicSeed.DEFAULT_SEED_ENTROPY_BITS / 8];
secureRandom.nextBytes(entropy);
return MnemonicCode.INSTANCE.toMnemonic(entropy);
}
//m / 44’ / 60’ / 0’ / 0
//Hardened意思就是派生加固，防止获取到一个子私钥之后可以派生出后面的子私钥
//必须还有上一级的父私钥才能派生
public static final ImmutableList BIP44_ETH_ACCOUNT_ZERO_PATH =
ImmutableList.of(new ChildNumber(44, true), new ChildNumber(60, true),
ChildNumber.ZERO_HARDENED, ChildNumber.ZERO);
//通过助记词生成HD钱包
public void onCreateWallet(View view) {
byte[] seed = MnemonicCode.toSeed(words, “”);
DeterministicKey masterPrivateKey = HDKeyDerivation.createMasterPrivateKey(seed);
DeterministicHierarchy deterministicHierarchy = new DeterministicHierarchy(masterPrivateKey);
// m / 44’ / 60’ / 0’ / 0 / 0
DeterministicKey deterministicKey = deterministicHierarchy
.deriveChild(BIP44_ETH_ACCOUNT_ZERO_PATH, false, true, new ChildNumber(0));
byte[] bytes = deterministicKey.getPrivKeyBytes();
ECKeyPair keyPair = ECKeyPair.create(bytes);
try {
WalletFile walletFile = Wallet.createLight(PASSWORD, keyPair);
String address = walletFile.getAddress();
mAddress.setText(“0x” + address);
} catch (CipherException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
导出钱包
导出KeyStore
public String exportKeyStore(WalletFile wallet) {
try {
return objectMapper.writeValueAsString(wallet);
} catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
导出私钥
public String exportPrivateKey(WalletFile wallet) {
try {
ECKeyPair ecKeyPair = Wallet.decrypt(PASSWORD, wallet);
BigInteger privateKey = ecKeyPair.getPrivateKey();
return Numeric.toHexStringNoPrefixZeroPadded(privateKey, Keys.PRIVATE_KEY_LENGTH_IN_HEX);
} catch (CipherException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
导出助记词
一般可以将助记词加密存储，导出时解密。注意无法从KeyStore或者私钥导出助记词。
例如：使用IMToken导入私钥或者KeyStore创建的钱包，没有导出助记词的功能 如果是通过助记词创建的，就会有导出助记词的功能
ETH交易
查询余额
private Web3j mWeb3j = Web3jFactory.build(new HttpService(“https://ropsten.infura.io/1UoO4I/”));
BigInteger balance = mWeb3j.ethGetBalance(mAddress, DefaultBlockParameterName.LATEST).send().getBalance();
BigDecimal balance = Convert.fromWei(balance.toString(), Convert.Unit.ETHER);
ETH转账
BigInteger transactionCount = mWeb3j.ethGetTransactionCount(mAddress, DefaultBlockParameterName.LATEST).send().getTransactionCount();
BigInteger gasPrice = mWeb3j.ethGasPrice().send().getGasPrice();
BigInteger gasLimit = new BigInteger(“200000”);
BigDecimal value = Convert.toWei(mAmountEdit.getText().toString().trim(), Convert.Unit.ETHER);
String to = mToAddressEdit.getText().toString().trim();
RawTransaction etherTransaction = RawTransaction.createEtherTransaction(transactionCount, gasPrice, gasLimit, to, value.toBigInteger());
ECKeyPair ecKeyPair = Wallet.decrypt(“a12345678”, mWalletFile);
Credentials credentials = Credentials.create(ecKeyPair);
byte[] bytes = TransactionEncoder.signMessage(etherTransaction, credentials);
String hexValue = Numeric.toHexString(bytes);
String transactionHash = mWeb3j.ethSendRawTransaction(hexValue).send().getTransactionHash();
Token交易
获取某Token余额
调用ERC20代币智能合约，获取当前地址的余额
//创建Function
private Function balanceOf(String owner) {
return new Function(“balanceOf”,
Collections.singletonList(new Address(owner)),
Collections.singletonList(new TypeReference(){}));
}
Function function = balanceOf(mAddress);
//调用智能合约
String s = callSmartContractFunction(function, CONTRACT_ADDRESS);
List decode = FunctionReturnDecoder.decode(s, function.getOutputParameters());
if (decode != null && decode.size() > 0) {
Uint256 type = (Uint256) decode.get(0);
BigInteger tokenBalance = type.getValue();
}
private String callSmartContractFunction(
Function function, String contractAddress) throws Exception {
String encodedFunction = FunctionEncoder.encode(function);
org.web3j.protocol.core.methods.response.EthCall response = mWeb3j.ethCall(
Transaction.createEthCallTransaction(
mAddress, contractAddress, encodedFunction),
DefaultBlockParameterName.LATEST)
.sendAsync().get();
return response.getValue();
}
Token转账
//创建Function
private Function transfer(String to, BigInteger value) {
return new Function(
“transfer”,
Arrays.asList(new Address(to), new Uint256(value)),
Collections.singletonList(new TypeReference() {}));
}
Function transfer = transfer(to, new BigInteger(amount));
//获取私钥，进行签名
ECKeyPair ecKeyPair = Wallet.decrypt(“a12345678”, mWalletFile);
Credentials credentials = Credentials.create(ecKeyPair);
String transactionHash = execute(credentials, transfer, CONTRACT_ADDRESS);
//执行合约调用
private String execute(
Credentials credentials, Function function, String contractAddress) throws Exception {
BigInteger nonce = mWeb3j.ethGetTransactionCount(mAddress, DefaultBlockParameterName.LATEST).send().getTransactionCount();
BigInteger gasPrice = mWeb3j.ethGasPrice().send().getGasPrice();
BigInteger gasLimit = new BigInteger(“200000”);
String encodedFunction = FunctionEncoder.encode(function);
RawTransaction rawTransaction = RawTransaction.createTransaction(
nonce,
gasPrice,
gasLimit,
contractAddress,
encodedFunction);
byte[] signedMessage = TransactionEncoder.signMessage(rawTransaction, credentials);
String hexValue = Numeric.toHexString(signedMessage);
EthSendTransaction transactionResponse = mWeb3j.ethSendRawTransaction(hexValue)
.sendAsync().get();
return transactionResponse.getTransactionHash();
Android核心知识点
面试成功其实是必然的，因为我做足了充分的准备工作，包括刷题啊，看一些Android核心的知识点，看一些面试的博客吸取大家面试的一些经验。
下面这份PDF是我翻阅了差不多3个月左右一些Android大博主的博客从他们那里取其精华去其糟泊所整理出来的一些Android的核心知识点，全部都是精华中的精华，我能面试到现在2-2资深开发人员跟我整理的这本Android核心知识点有密不可分的关系，在这里本着共赢的心态分享给各位朋友。
不管是Android基础还是Java基础以及常见的数据结构，这些是无原则地必须要熟练掌握的，尤其是非计算机专业的同学，面试官一上来肯定是问你基础，要是基础表现不好很容易被扣上基础不扎实的帽子，常见的就那些，只要你平时认真思考过基本上面试是没太大问题的。
最后为了帮助大家深刻理解Android相关知识点的原理以及面试相关知识，这里放上我搜集整理的2019-2021BAT 面试真题解析，我把大厂面试中常被问到的技术点整理成了PDF，包知识脉络 + 诸多细节。
节省大家在网上搜索资料的时间来学习，也可以分享给身边好友一起学习。
《Android学习笔记总结+移动架构视频+大厂面试真题+项目实战源码》，点击传送门，即可获取！
去其糟泊所整理出来的一些Android的核心知识点，全部都是精华中的精华，我能面试到现在2-2资深开发人员跟我整理的这本Android核心知识点有密不可分的关系，在这里本着共赢的心态分享给各位朋友。
[外链图片转存中…(img-qmbuyVFK-1715231401551)]
不管是Android基础还是Java基础以及常见的数据结构，这些是无原则地必须要熟练掌握的，尤其是非计算机专业的同学，面试官一上来肯定是问你基础，要是基础表现不好很容易被扣上基础不扎实的帽子，常见的就那些，只要你平时认真思考过基本上面试是没太大问题的。
最后为了帮助大家深刻理解Android相关知识点的原理以及面试相关知识，这里放上我搜集整理的2019-2021BAT 面试真题解析，我把大厂面试中常被问到的技术点整理成了PDF，包知识脉络 + 诸多细节。
节省大家在网上搜索资料的时间来学习，也可以分享给身边好友一起学习。
《Android学习笔记总结+移动架构视频+大厂面试真题+项目实战源码》，点击传送门，即可获取！
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