一文搞懂Android-JetPack组件原理之Lifecycle、LiveData、ViewModel与源码分析技巧(2)

case ON_ANY:
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unexpected event value " + event);
}
}

官网中有一张图用来解释Event和State的对应关系

getStateAfter()方法既是获取Event事件之后的状态，可以从图中的箭头方向可知具体的状态值，比如ON_START和ON_PAUSE的箭头都指向了STARTED状态，也就是这俩个事件后Lifecycle处于STARTED状态。

回到handleLifecycleEvent()方法，获取新状态后，就调用了moveToState()方法，该方法主要是判断新状态与当前状态相比是否发生改变，如果已改变，则调用sync()同步方法继续处理。

在进一步跟踪方法调用前，不妨先看看LifecycleRegistry有哪些属性，除了上面提到的mState来表示当前Lifecycle的状态外，还有一个比较特殊和重要的属性是mObserverMap。

/**

• Custom list that keeps observers and can handle removals / additions during traversal.
• Invariant: at any moment of time for observer1 & observer2:
• if addition_order(observer1) < addition_order(observer2), then
• state(observer1) >= state(observer2),
  */
  private FastSafeIterableMap<LifecycleObserver, ObserverWithState> mObserverMap = new FastSafeIterableMap<>();

该属性可看作是一个自定义的Map，是一个可遍历的集合，也就是说其中的元素是有序的，封装了监听者LifecycleObserver和监听者的封装ObserverWithState之间的映射关系，根据注释可以知道，在遍历操作其中的监听者时，会保证其中监听者的状态是从大到小排序的。

监听者的封装ObserverWithState则是维护了每一个监听者和其状态，该状态主要是为了给调用事件分发前的判断，另外，在分发Event事件后会同步更新自己的状态。

static class ObserverWithState {
State mState;
LifecycleEventObserver mLifecycleObserver;

ObserverWithState(LifecycleObserver observer, State initialState) {
mLifecycleObserver = Lifecycling.lifecycleEventObserver(observer);
mState = initialState;
}

void dispatchEvent(LifecycleOwner owner, Event event) {
State newState = getStateAfter(event);
mState = min(mState, newState);
mLifecycleObserver.onStateChanged(owner, event);
mState = newState;
}
}

接下来继续跟踪方法调用，来看看sync()做了哪些处理。

private void sync() {
LifecycleOwner lifecycleOwner = mLifecycleOwner.get();
if (lifecycleOwner == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException(“LifecycleOwner of this LifecycleRegistry is already”

• “garbage collected. It is too late to change lifecycle state.”);
  }
  while (!isSynced()) {
  mNewEventOccurred = false;
  // no need to check eldest for nullability, because isSynced does it for us.
  if (mState.compareTo(mObserverMap.eldest().getValue().mState) < 0) {
  backwardPass(lifecycleOwner);
  }
  Entry<LifecycleObserver, ObserverWithState> newest = mObserverMap.newest();
  if (!mNewEventOccurred && newest != null
  && mState.compareTo(newest.getValue().mState) > 0) {
  forwardPass(lifecycleOwner);
  }
  }
  mNewEventOccurred = false;
  }

该方法通过比较当前状态和mObserverMap元素的枚举值来确定是否分发事件，由于mObserverMap里元素是按状态的大到小排序的，所以这里只需要拿第一位和最后一位元素的状态与当前状态比较，就可以判断是否需要分发事件，以及是分发降级事件，还是分发升级事件。再具体一点说，如果mObserverMap里最大状态比当前状态大，那就需要调用backwardPass()，遍历mObserverMap，同步其中每一个observer状态的同时，分发降级事件，反之，如果mObserverMap里最小状态比当前状态小，就调用forwardPass()分发升级事件。

private void backwardPass(LifecycleOwner lifecycleOwner) {
Iterator<Entry<LifecycleObserver, ObserverWithState>> descendingIterator =
mObserverMap.descendingIterator();
while (descendingIterator.hasNext() && !mNewEventOccurred) {
Entry<LifecycleObserver, ObserverWithState> entry = descendingIterator.next();
ObserverWithState observer = entry.getValue();
while ((observer.mState.compareTo(mState) > 0 && !mNewEventOccurred
&& mObserverMap.contains(entry.getKey()))) {
Event event = downEvent(observer.mState);
pushParentState(getStateAfter(event));
observer.dispatchEvent(lifecycleOwner, event);
popParentState();
}
}
}

private void forwardPass(LifecycleOwner lifecycleOwner) {
Iterator<Entry<LifecycleObserver, ObserverWithState>> ascendingIterator =
mObserverMap.iteratorWithAdditions();
while (ascendingIterator.hasNext() && !mNewEventOccurred) {
Entry<LifecycleObserver, ObserverWithState> entry = ascendingIterator.next();
ObserverWithState observer = entry.getValue();
while ((observer.mState.compareTo(mState) < 0 && !mNewEventOccurred
&& mObserverMap.contains(entry.getKey()))) {
pushParentState(observer.mState);
observer.dispatchEvent(lifecycleOwner, upEvent(observer.mState));
popParentState();
}
}
}

backwardPass()和forwardPass()类似，分别是以降序和升序的方式遍历mObserverMap中的observer，再以内部循环通过downEvent()和upEvent()获取下一步的Event事件，并通过observer.dispatchEvent()分发事件和同步状态。直到mObserverMap中的每一个observer的状态都与当前状态一致为止。

private static Event downEvent(State state) {
switch (state) {
case INITIALIZED:
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
case CREATED:
return ON_DESTROY;
case STARTED:
return ON_STOP;
case RESUMED:
return ON_PAUSE;
case DESTROYED:
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unexpected state value " + state);
}

private static Event upEvent(State state) {
switch (state) {
case INITIALIZED:
case DESTROYED:
return ON_CREATE;
case CREATED:
return ON_START;
case STARTED:
return ON_RESUME;
case RESUMED:
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unexpected state value " + state);
}

downEvent()和upEvent()的实现同样可以从官网给的Event与State的关系图中找到对应关系。下面再放一下这张图。

downEvent()降级事件就是状态向后箭头对应的事件，而upEvent()升级事件则是状态向前箭头对应的事件。比如说CREATED的升级事件是ON_START，通过ON_START，CREATED升级为STARTED。CREATED的降级事件是ON_DESTROY，通过ON_DESTROY，CREATED降级为DESTROY。

方法调用流转到这里，已经分析完Event从创建到分发的处理过程，接下来就来解决刚开始提出的第三个问题。

如何分发到特定的LifecycleObserver实现

通过ObserverWithState，可以发现dispatchEvent()方法是直接调用mLifecycleObserver接口的onStateChanged()进行的事件分发，那么mLifecycleObserver的具体实现是怎样的呢？通过 mLifecycleObserver = Lifecycling.lifecycleEventObserver(observer)可以知道静态方法Lifecycling.lifecycleEventObserver()对传入的监听者进行了处理，接下来就来看看该方法是怎么实现的。

static LifecycleEventObserver lifecycleEventObserver(Object object) {
boolean isLifecycleEventObserver = object instanceof LifecycleEventObserver;
boolean isFullLifecycleObserver = object instanceof FullLifecycleObserver;
if (isLifecycleEventObserver && isFullLifecycleObserver) {
return new FullLifecycleObserverAdapter((FullLifecycleObserver) object,
(LifecycleEventObserver) object);
}
if (isFullLifecycleObserver) {
return new FullLifecycleObserverAdapter((FullLifecycleObserver) object, null);
}

if (isLifecycleEventObserver) {
return (LifecycleEventObserver) object;
}

final Class<?> klass = object.getClass();
int type = getObserverConstructorType(klass);
if (type == GENERATED_CALLBACK) {
List<Constructor<? extends GeneratedAdapter>> constructors =
sClassToAdapters.get(klass);
if (constructors.size() == 1) {
GeneratedAdapter generatedAdapter = createGeneratedAdapter(
constructors.get(0), object);
return new SingleGeneratedAdapterObserver(generatedAdapter);
}
GeneratedAdapter[] adapters = new GeneratedAdapter[constructors.size()];
for (int i = 0; i < constructors.size(); i++) {
adapters[i] = createGeneratedAdapter(constructors.get(i), object);
}
return new CompositeGeneratedAdaptersObserver(adapters);
}
return new ReflectiveGenericLifecycleObserver(object);
}

该方法主要将传入的监听者进行封装，方便生命周期事件的转发，这个封装分成了三种方式，每一种可看作是后面的优化，第一种性能最高，传入的监听者直接是接口的实例，但由于生命周期回调方法比较多，接口的实例默认是实现了所有方法，而大部分情况并不需要监听所有生命周期，所以这一部分在java8接口默认方法的支持下比较好用。第二种是判断传入的监听者是不是已用注解解析器处理，生成了对应的封装类，