2024年最全multiprocessing快速入门和总结,2024年最新2024金九银十面试季

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7.Using a pool of workers

from multiprocessing import Pool, TimeoutError
import time
import os

def f(x):
    return x\*x

if __name__ == '\_\_main\_\_':
    # start 4 worker processes
    with Pool(processes=4) as pool:

        # print "[0, 1, 4,..., 81]"
        print(pool.map(f, range(10)))

8.示例:多线程翻译

创建多个线程同时调用gpt4翻译,(gpt4调用代码没有贴出来,请自行封装)核心是多线程代码。

import logging.config
import multiprocessing
import os
import time
from datetime import datetime

import openpyxl
import yaml

from shenmo.TUnit import TUnit
from shenmo.app_utils import identify_language
from shenmo.os_utils import get_current_file_names, get_tree_file_names
from shenmo.pat_api_utils import call_strategy_api

# 定义常量:最大线程数
MAX_THREAD_COUNT = 10
MAX_SAVE_COUNT = 100
SYSTEM_MSG = 'You are a professional game translator and your task is to translate the text in the game. Chinese ' \
             'translated into {}. The output includes only the translation.'


def setup\_logging(default_path="logging.yaml", default_level=logging.INFO, env_key="LOG\_CFG"):
    path = default_path
    value = os.getenv(env_key, None)
    if value:
        path = value
    if os.path.exists(path):
        with open(path, "r") as f:
            config = yaml.load(f, Loader=yaml.FullLoader)
            logging.config.dictConfig(config)
    else:
        logging.basicConfig(level=default_level)


def worker(in_queue, out_queue, language_type):
    while True:
        task = in_queue.get()
        if task is None:  # sentinel value indicating to exit
            break
        # 翻译内容
        t1 = time.time()
        system_msg = SYSTEM_MSG.format(language_type)
        translated_value = call_strategy_api(task.get_original_text(), system_msg)
        t2 = time.time()
        # 设置耗时
        task.set_cost_ms(t2 - t1)

        if translated_value.startswith("Error:") or translated_value.startswith("Request failed:"):
            task.set_error_msg(translated_value)
        else:
            task.set_translated_text(translated_value)
        out_queue.put(task)


def save\_file\_then\_rename(origin_file_name, wb):
    tmp_file_name = origin_file_name + ".tmp"
    # 保存文件
    wb.save(tmp_file_name)
    # 删除原文件
    os.remove(origin_file_name)
    # 重命名临时文件
    os.rename(tmp_file_name, origin_file_name)


def print\_statistics(error_count, processed_count, task_count, t1):
    t2 = time.time()
    logging.info("-" \* 50)
    logging.info(
        f"已处理{processed\_count}条,,异常{error\_count}条,总共{task\_count}条,进度:{(processed\_count + error\_count) / task\_count:.2%},已耗时:{t2 - t1:.2f}秒。保存文件中...")
    logging.info("-" \* 50)


class Translator:
    def \_\_init\_\_(self, file_name):
        self.file_name = file_name

    def translate(self):
        in_queue = multiprocessing.Queue()
        out_queue = multiprocessing.Queue()

        # 打开Excel文件
        wb = openpyxl.load_workbook(self.file_name)

        # 选择sheet页“多语言翻译”
        sheet = wb.active

        # 循环遍历第2列,过滤前2行
        for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=2, max_row=sheet.max_row):
            # 第一列不为空,第二列为空
            if (row[0].value is not None and row[0].value.strip() != "") and (
                    row[1].value is None or row[1].value.strip() == ""):
                row_num = row[1].row
                org_value = row[0].value
                tUnit = TUnit(row_num, org_value)
                # 将tUnit放入队列
                in_queue.put(tUnit)

        # in\_queue长度
        task_count = in_queue.qsize()
        identify_language_type = identify_language(self.file_name)
        logging.info(
            f"文件[{self.file\_name}]装载完成,语言类型:{identify\_language\_type},共{task\_count}条翻译任务,创建{MAX\_THREAD\_COUNT}个线程,任务即将开始...")

        t1 = time.time()

        # Create and start worker processes
        processes = []
        for _ in range(MAX_THREAD_COUNT):
            process = multiprocessing.Process(target=worker, args=(in_queue, out_queue, identify_language_type))
            process.start()
            processes.append(process)

        # 已处理的任务数量
        processed_count = 0
        error_count = 0
        # out\_queue存在数据时,不断取出数据
        for _ in range(task_count):
            out = out_queue.get(block=True)
            if out.get_error_msg() is not None:
                error_count += 1
                logging.error(
                    f"[{processed\_count}/{task\_count}]第{out.get\_row\_number()}行,翻译失败:{out.get\_original\_text()} -> {out.get\_error\_msg()},耗时:{out.get\_cost\_ms():.2f}秒。")
            else:
                processed_count += 1
                logging.info(
                    f"[{processed\_count}/{task\_count}]第{out.get\_row\_number()}行,翻译成功:{out.get\_original\_text()} -> {out.get\_translated\_text()},耗时:{out.get\_cost\_ms():.2f}秒。")
                translate_text = out.get_translated_text()
                sheet.cell(row=out.get_row_number(), column=2).value = translate_text
                # 每处理100条,保存一次文件
                if processed_count % MAX_SAVE_COUNT == 0:
                    print_statistics(error_count, processed_count, task_count, t1)
                    save_file_then_rename(self.file_name, wb)

        if processed_count % MAX_SAVE_COUNT != 0:
            print_statistics(error_count, processed_count, task_count, t1)
            save_file_then_rename(self.file_name, wb)

        wb.close()
        logging.info(f"所有翻译任务处理完毕。")

        # 处理完毕,退出
        # Add sentinel values to signal the worker processes to exit
        for _ in range(MAX_THREAD_COUNT):
            in_queue.put(None)

        logging.info("已发送线程退出信号,等待线程退出...")

        # Wait for all processes to finish
        for process in processes:
            process.join()

        logging.info(f"所有线程已退出。")


if __name__ == "\_\_main\_\_":
    # 创建文件夹:/export/logs/gpt/cache/
    if not os.path.exists("logs/"):
        os.makedirs("logs/")

    setup_logging()

    # 允许用户输入线程数量,默认10
    MAX_THREAD_COUNT = int(input("请输入线程数量(默认10):") or "10")
    logging.info(f"线程数量:{MAX\_THREAD\_COUNT}")

    directory_path = "."
    file_names_list = get_tree_file_names(directory_path, ".xlsx")
    logging.info(f"文件序号\t文件名")
    for file_name in file_names_list:
        # 打印:数组下标,文件名,语言类型
        logging.info(f"{file\_names\_list.index(file\_name)}\t{file\_name}")

    index = -1
    try:
        index = int(input("请输入要翻译的文件序号:"))
    except ValueError:
        index = -2
    # 检测用户输入的序号合法,执行下面代码
    if 0 <= index < len(file_names_list):
        selected_file_name = file_names_list[index]
        logging.info(f"你选择的文件是:[{index}]{selected\_file\_name}")

        translator = Translator(selected_file_name)
        translator.translate()
    else:
        logging.error(f"输入的序号[{index}]不合法,程序即将退出。")

    # 程序即将退出
    logging.info("程序即将退出。")
    # 暂停3秒
    time.sleep(3)


TUnit.py


class TUnit:
    # 类变量
    _id_alloc = 0

    def \_\_init\_\_(self, row_number, original_text):
        TUnit._id_alloc += 1


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**网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。**

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