本人从事网路安全工作12年,曾在2个大厂工作过,安全服务、售后服务、售前、攻防比赛、安全讲师、销售经理等职位都做过,对这个行业了解比较全面。
最近遍览了各种网络安全类的文章,内容参差不齐,其中不伐有大佬倾力教学,也有各种不良机构浑水摸鱼,在收到几条私信,发现大家对一套完整的系统的网络安全从学习路线到学习资料,甚至是工具有着不小的需求。
最后,我将这部分内容融会贯通成了一套282G的网络安全资料包,所有类目条理清晰,知识点层层递进,需要的小伙伴可以点击下方小卡片领取哦!下面就开始进入正题,如何从一个萌新一步一步进入网络安全行业。
学习路线图
其中最为瞩目也是最为基础的就是网络安全学习路线图,这里我给大家分享一份打磨了3个月,已经更新到4.0版本的网络安全学习路线图。
相比起繁琐的文字,还是生动的视频教程更加适合零基础的同学们学习,这里也是整理了一份与上述学习路线一一对应的网络安全视频教程。
网络安全工具箱
当然,当你入门之后,仅仅是视频教程已经不能满足你的需求了,你肯定需要学习各种工具的使用以及大量的实战项目,这里也分享一份我自己整理的网络安全入门工具以及使用教程和实战。
项目实战
最后就是项目实战,这里带来的是SRC资料&HW资料,毕竟实战是检验真理的唯一标准嘛~
面试题
归根结底,我们的最终目的都是为了就业,所以这份结合了多位朋友的亲身经验打磨的面试题合集你绝对不能错过!
网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。
一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远!不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!
- 1)初始化git仓库:
rm -rf ./* .git
git init
- 2)生成第一个Blob对象:
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ echo "111" >> aaa.txt
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git hash-object -w aaa.txt
warning: LF will be replaced by CRLF in aaa.txt.
The file will have its original line endings in your working directory
58c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ find .git/objects/ -type f
.git/objects/58/c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git cat-file -t 58c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c
blob
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git cat-file -p 58c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c
111
2)生成第二个Blob对象:
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ echo "222" >> bbb.txt
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git hash-object -w bbb.txt
warning: LF will be replaced by CRLF in bbb.txt.
The file will have its original line endings in your working directory
c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ find .git/objects/ -type f
.git/objects/58/c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c
.git/objects/c2/00906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git cat-file -t c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c
blob
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git cat-file -p c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c
222
3)将两个记录添加到暂存区:
git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 58c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c aaa.txt
git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c bbb.txt
4)查看暂存区:
git ls-files -s
5)将两次操作生成Tree对象(一次版本)
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master) # 将暂存区的内容生成Tree对象
$ git write-tree
32dcf33783f09530a55367ae95a221b9ee1c1eba
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master) # 查看objects目录中的文件
$ find .git/objects/ -type f
.git/objects/32/dcf33783f09530a55367ae95a221b9ee1c1eba
.git/objects/58/c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c
.git/objects/c2/00906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master) # 查看该hash对应的git类型
$ git cat-file -t 32dcf33783f09530a55367ae95a221b9ee1c1eba
tree
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master) # 查看该hash的内容
$ git cat-file -p 32dcf33783f09530a55367ae95a221b9ee1c1eba
100644 blob 58c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c aaa.txt
100644 blob c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c bbb.txt
6)查看暂存区:
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git ls-files -s
100644 58c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c 0 aaa.txt
100644 c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c 0 bbb.txt
一个Tree对象中包含多个变更的Blob对象,Blob对象对应我们实际开发中的一个个操作,当一个个操作满足了一次版本的要求时,我们就会生成对应的Tree对象来生成版本。因此,我们在实际使用Git时,一个Tree对象往往才是代表一个项目的某个版本,而非Blob对象;
3.2.3 Tree对象小练习
1)生成第一个树对象
- 1)初始化Git仓库:
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace
$ git init
Initialized empty Git repository in C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/workspace/.git/
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ echo "111" >> aaa.txt
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git hash-object -w aaa.txt # 生成Blob对象
warning: LF will be replaced by CRLF in aaa.txt.
The file will have its original line endings in your working directory
58c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ echo "222" >> bbb.txt
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git hash-object -w bbb.txt # 生成Blob对象
warning: LF will be replaced by CRLF in bbb.txt.
The file will have its original line endings in your working directory
c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master) # 添加到暂存区
$ git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 58c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c aaa.txt
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master) # 添加到暂存区
$ git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c bbb.txt
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git ls-files -s # 查看暂存区的内容
100644 58c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c 0 aaa.txt
100644 c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c 0 bbb.txt
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git write-tree # 生成Tree对象
32dcf33783f09530a55367ae95a221b9ee1c1eba
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ find .git/objects/ -type f
.git/objects/32/dcf33783f09530a55367ae95a221b9ee1c1eba # 树对象(包含aaa.txt和bbb.txt)
.git/objects/58/c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c # aaa.txt
.git/objects/c2/00906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c # bbb.txt
查看树对象的内容:
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git cat-file -p 32dcf33783f09530a55367ae95a221b9ee1c1eba
100644 blob 58c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c aaa.txt
100644 blob c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c bbb.txt
2)生成第二个树对象
修改aaa.txt内容:
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ echo "1010" >> aaa.txt
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git hash-object -w aaa.txt # 生成Blob对象
warning: LF will be replaced by CRLF in aaa.txt.
The file will have its original line endings in your working directory
7b481520925a2e75716034e3c858b7ef2a9aae75
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ find .git/objects/ -type f
.git/objects/32/dcf33783f09530a55367ae95a221b9ee1c1eba # 树对象(包含aaa.txt和bbb.txt)
.git/objects/58/c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c # aaa.txt(版本1)
.git/objects/7b/481520925a2e75716034e3c858b7ef2a9aae75 # aaa.txt(版本2)
.git/objects/c2/00906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c # bbb.txt(版本1)
将aaa.txt添加到暂存区:
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git ls-files -s
100644 58c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c 0 aaa.txt
100644 c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c 0 bbb.txt
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git update-index --cacheinfo 100644 7b481520925a2e75716034e3c858b7ef2a9aae75 aaa.txt
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git ls-files -s
100644 7b481520925a2e75716034e3c858b7ef2a9aae75 0 aaa.txt
100644 c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c 0 bbb.txt
Tips:aaa.txt文件已经添加了到了暂存区,第二次不需要再指定
--add
参数了;
将当前暂存区的内容生成Tree对象:
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git write-tree
a24447346b4470013f38a67d14d97f975e39c037 # 本次树对象的hash值
查看所有Git对象:
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ find .git/objects/ -type f
.git/objects/32/dcf33783f09530a55367ae95a221b9ee1c1eba # 树对象v1(包含aaa.v1和bbb)
.git/objects/58/c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c # aaa.txt(版本1)
.git/objects/7b/481520925a2e75716034e3c858b7ef2a9aae75 # aaa.txt(版本2)
.git/objects/a2/4447346b4470013f38a67d14d97f975e39c037 # 树对象v2(包含aaa.v2和bbb)
.git/objects/c2/00906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c # bbb.txt(版本1)
查看第2个树对象的内容:
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git cat-file -p 32dcf33783f09530a55367ae95a221b9ee1c1eba
100644 blob 58c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c aaa.txt # v1版本
100644 blob c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c bbb.txt
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git cat-file -p a24447346b4470013f38a67d14d97f975e39c037
100644 blob 7b481520925a2e75716034e3c858b7ef2a9aae75 aaa.txt # v2版本
100644 blob c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c bbb.txt
3.2.4 读取树对象
【语法】
git read-tree --prefix=bak {Tree-hash} # 根据Tree对象的hash来读取树,将读取到的内容写入暂存区
【练习】
读取树对象v2的内容到暂存区:
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git read-tree --prefix=bak a24447346b4470013f38a67d14d97f975e39c037 # 读取版本2的树对象(包含aaa.v2和bbb)到暂存区
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git ls-files -s
100644 7b481520925a2e75716034e3c858b7ef2a9aae75 0 aaa.txt # aaa.v2(原来暂存区就有的内容)
100644 7b481520925a2e75716034e3c858b7ef2a9aae75 0 bak/aaa.txt # 树对象.v2中的aaa
100644 c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c 0 bak/bbb.txt # 树对象.v2中的bbb
100644 c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c 0 bbb.txt # bbb.v1(原来暂存区就有的内容)
将暂存区中的内容生成Tree对象:
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git write-tree
bdf7b58c9bfca7f494b2575ffed44cde91f80ce5
查看所有Git对象:
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ find .git/objects/ -type f
.git/objects/32/dcf33783f09530a55367ae95a221b9ee1c1eba # 树对象v1(包含aaa.v1和bbb)
.git/objects/58/c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c # aaa.txt(版本1)
.git/objects/7b/481520925a2e75716034e3c858b7ef2a9aae75 # aaa.txt(版本2)
.git/objects/a2/4447346b4470013f38a67d14d97f975e39c037 # 树对象v2(包含aaa.v2和bbb)
.git/objects/bd/f7b58c9bfca7f494b2575ffed44cde91f80ce5 # 树对象v3(树对象v2和树对象v1)
.git/objects/c2/00906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c # bbb.txt(版本1)
查看三个树对象的内容:
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git cat-file -p 32dcf33783f09530a55367ae95a221b9ee1c1eba
100644 blob 58c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c aaa.txt # v1版本
100644 blob c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c bbb.txt
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git cat-file -p a24447346b4470013f38a67d14d97f975e39c037
100644 blob 7b481520925a2e75716034e3c858b7ef2a9aae75 aaa.txt # v2版本
100644 blob c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c bbb.txt
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git cat-file -p bdf7b58c9bfca7f494b2575ffed44cde91f80ce5
100644 blob 7b481520925a2e75716034e3c858b7ef2a9aae75 aaa.txt # v2版本
040000 tree a24447346b4470013f38a67d14d97f975e39c037 bak # 树对象v2版本
100644 blob c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c bbb.txt
此时树对象(v3)包含一个树对象(v2)和两个Blob对象;
3.3 Commit对象
3.3.1 Commit对象简介
Tree对象代表了项目中的一次版本快照,但是Tree对象缺失了一些日志信息,例如本次版本快照是谁(哪个开发人员)产生的?本次的版本快照的主要内容(日志信息)是什么?等等。
Commit对象也称提交对象,Commit对象是对Tree对象的包裹添加一些注释信息。值得注意的是:虽然Tree对象代表一次项目的版本快照,但是由于缺少注释信息,我们在生成Tree对象时还会将其打包为Commit对象,就这样,项目的一次完整版本快照就生成完毕了。
Tips:虽然Tree对象可以代表项目的因此版本,但是Commitd对象才是Git中一次项目版本的版本,而非Tree对象
3.3.2 生成Commit对象
【语法】
echo '提交注释' | git commit-tree {tree-hash} # 将指定的tree对象包裹为commit对象
查询所有Git对象:
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ find .git/objects/ -type f
.git/objects/32/dcf33783f09530a55367ae95a221b9ee1c1eba # 树对象v1(包含aaa.v1和bbb)
.git/objects/58/c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c # aaa.txt(版本1)
.git/objects/7b/481520925a2e75716034e3c858b7ef2a9aae75 # aaa.txt(版本2)
.git/objects/a2/4447346b4470013f38a67d14d97f975e39c037 # 树对象v2(包含aaa.v2和bbb)
.git/objects/bd/f7b58c9bfca7f494b2575ffed44cde91f80ce5 # 树对象v3(树对象v2和树对象v1)
.git/objects/c2/00906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c # bbb.txt(版本1)
- 生成提交对象
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ echo "提交tree.v1" | git commit-tree 32dcf33783f09530a55367ae95a221b9ee1c1eba # 生成提交对象
44811b2b63f5cbbc118012d7a8831479354f2c20
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git cat-file -t 44811b2b63f5cbbc118012d7a8831479354f2c20 # 查看Git类型的类型
commit
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ git cat-file -p 44811b2b63f5cbbc118012d7a8831479354f2c20 # 查看提交对象的内容
tree 32dcf33783f09530a55367ae95a221b9ee1c1eba # 该提交对象所包裹的树对象
author xiaohui <xiaohui@aliyun.com> 1696939487 +0800 # 作者信息
committer xiaohui <xiaohui@aliyun.com> 1696939487 +0800
提交tree.v1 # 日志信息
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master) # 查看暂存区(生成提交对象不会对暂存区有影响)
$ git ls-files -s
100644 7b481520925a2e75716034e3c858b7ef2a9aae75 0 aaa.txt
100644 7b481520925a2e75716034e3c858b7ef2a9aae75 0 bak/aaa.txt
100644 c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c 0 bak/bbb.txt
100644 c200906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c 0 bbb.txt
Tips:生成Blob对象和Tree对象时,只要操作一致多次生成的Blob对象和Tree对象的编号是一样的,但是Commit对象的编号即使多次操作一致,编号也会不一样
查看所有Git对象:
Adminstrator@LAPTOP-OC90J78H MINGW64 ~/Desktop/workspace (master)
$ find .git/objects/ -type f
.git/objects/32/dcf33783f09530a55367ae95a221b9ee1c1eba # 树对象v1(包含aaa.v1和bbb)
.git/objects/44/811b2b63f5cbbc118012d7a8831479354f2c20 # 提交对象
.git/objects/58/c9bdf9d017fcd178dc8c073cbfcbb7ff240d6c # aaa.txt(版本1)
.git/objects/7b/481520925a2e75716034e3c858b7ef2a9aae75 # aaa.txt(版本2)
.git/objects/a2/4447346b4470013f38a67d14d97f975e39c037 # 树对象v2(包含aaa.v2和bbb)
.git/objects/bd/f7b58c9bfca7f494b2575ffed44cde91f80ce5 # 树对象v3(树对象v2和树对象v1)
.git/objects/c2/00906efd24ec5e783bee7f23b5d7c941b0c12c # bbb.txt(版本1)
3.3.3 指定父Commit对象提交
写在最后
在结束之际,我想重申的是,学习并非如攀登险峻高峰,而是如滴水穿石般的持久累积。尤其当我们步入工作岗位之后,持之以恒的学习变得愈发不易,如同在茫茫大海中独自划舟,稍有松懈便可能被巨浪吞噬。然而,对于我们程序员而言,学习是生存之本,是我们在激烈市场竞争中立于不败之地的关键。一旦停止学习,我们便如同逆水行舟,不进则退,终将被时代的洪流所淘汰。因此,不断汲取新知识,不仅是对自己的提升,更是对自己的一份珍贵投资。让我们不断磨砺自己,与时代共同进步,书写属于我们的辉煌篇章。
需要完整版PDF学习资源私我
网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。
一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远!不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!