【布局优化】基于遗传算法实现以市民为中心的空气质量控制传感器最佳放置附matlab代码

% 空气质量控制传感器最佳放置

% 参数设置
N = 50; % 候选传感器数量
M = 10; % 最终选取的传感器数量
G = 100; % 迭代次数
Pc = 0.8; % 交叉概率
Pm = 0.1; % 变异概率

% 生成初始种群
population = zeros(N, M); % 种群矩阵，每行表示一个个体
for i = 1:N
population(i, 😃 = randperm(N, M);
end

% 适应度评估函数
fitness = zeros(N, 1); % 适应度向量
for i = 1:N
% 计算适应度，例如使用空气质量指标等
fitness(i) = calculateFitness(population(i, 😃);
end

% 迭代优化
for g = 1:G
% 选择操作
selected_population = selection(population, fitness);

% 交叉操作
crossed_population = crossover(selected_population, Pc);

% 变异操作
mutated_population = mutation(crossed_population, Pm);

% 更新种群
population = mutated_population;

% 更新适应度
for i = 1:N
    fitness(i) = calculateFitness(population(i, :));
end

end

% 选择最佳个体
best_individual = population(1, 😃;
best_fitness = fitness(1);
for i = 2:N
if fitness(i) > best_fitness
best_individual = population(i, 😃;
best_fitness = fitness(i);
end
end

% 显示结果
disp(“最佳个体：”);
disp(best_individual);
disp(“最佳适应度：”);
disp(best_fitness);

% 适应度计算函数示例
function fitness = calculateFitness(individual)
% 计算适应度，例如使用空气质量指标等
% 根据个体中传感器的位置，计算适应度函数
% 这里仅为示例，假设适应度与传感器位置之和成正比
fitness = sum(individual);
end

% 选择操作
function selected_population = selection(population, fitness)
% 轮盘赌选择
total_fitness = sum(fitness);
roulette = cumsum(fitness) / total_fitness;
selected_population = zeros(size(population));

for i = 1:size(population, 1)
    r = rand;
    j = find(roulette >= r, 1);
    selected_population(i, :) = population(j, :);
end

end

% 交叉操作
function crossed_population = crossover(population, Pc)
crossed_population = zeros(size(population));

for i = 1:2:size(population, 1)
    if rand < Pc
        % 选择两个个体
        parent1 = population(i, :);
        parent2 = population(i+1, :);
        
        % 选择交叉点
        crossover_point = randi(size(population, 2)-1);
        
        % 交叉操作
        child1 = [parent1(1:crossover_point), parent2(crossover_point+1:end)];
        child2 = [parent2(1:crossover_point), parent1(crossover_point+1:end)];
        
        % 更新种群
        crossed_population(i, :) = child1;
        crossed_population(i+1, :) = child2;
    else
        % 如果不交叉，则直接复制父代个体
        crossed_population(i, :) = population(i, :);
        crossed_population(i+1, :) = population(i+1, :);
    end
end

end

% 变异操作
function mutated_population = mutation(population, Pm)
mutated_population = zeros(size(population));

for i = 1:size(population, 1)
    if rand < Pm
        % 选择一个个体
        individual = population(i, :);
        
        % 选择变异位点
        mutation_point = randi(size(population, 2));
        
        % 变异操作
        individual(mutation_point) = randperm(size(population, 2), 1);
        
        % 更新种群
        mutated_population(i, :) = individual;
    else
        % 如果不变异，则直接复制个体
        mutated_population(i, :) = population(i, :);
    end
end

end