总结
最后为了帮助大家深刻理解Android相关知识点的原理以及面试相关知识,这里放上相关的我搜集整理的14套腾讯、字节跳动、阿里、百度等2021面试真题解析,我把技术点整理成了视频和PDF(实际上比预期多花了不少精力),包知识脉络 + 诸多细节。
网上学习 Android的资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。希望这份系统化的技术体系对大家有一个方向参考。
网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。
一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远!不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!
既然是hanlder所以我们主要来看它的hanleMessage方法
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
boolean rescheduled = false;
try {
long started = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
while (true) {
PendingPost pendingPost = queue.poll();
if (pendingPost == null) {
synchronized (this) {
// Check again, this time in synchronized
pendingPost = queue.poll();
if (pendingPost == null) {
handlerActive = false;
return;
}
}
}
eventBus.invokeSubscriber(pendingPost);
long timeInMethod = SystemClock.uptimeMillis() - started;
if (timeInMethod >= maxMillisInsideHandleMessage) {
if (!sendMessage(obtainMessage())) {
throw new EventBusException(“Could not send handler message”);
}
rescheduled = true;
return;
}
}
} finally {
handlerActive = rescheduled;
}
}
从队列中不断的去处pendingPost,使用 eventBus.invokeSubscriber(pendingPost)进行事件分发,而pendingPost是一个可复用对象的复用池,通过obtainPendingPost方法进行复用,releasePendingPost方法进行回收,这个HandlerPoster是运行在主线程中的,因为初始化的时候有个 Looper.getMainLooper()。
pendingPost主要有三个对象:事件、订阅和一个节点
backgroundPoster
backgroundPoster本质是一个Runnable,主要在后台处理事件,所以我们主要看它的run方法
public void run() {
try {
try {
while (true) {
PendingPost pendingPost = queue.poll(1000);
if (pendingPost == null) {
synchronized (this) {
// Check again, this time in synchronized
pendingPost = queue.poll();
if (pendingPost == null) {
executorRunning = false;
return;
}
}
}
eventBus.invokeSubscriber(pendingPost);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Log.w(“Event”, Thread.currentThread().getName() + " was interruppted", e);
}
} finally {
executorRunning = false;
}
}
和mainThreadPoster是一样的,从复用池中取出,如果队列为空就间隔1秒再取,然后调用invokeSubscriber方法进行分发
asyncPoster
asyncPoster的本质也是一个Runnable
@Override
public void run() {
PendingPost pendingPost = queue.poll();
if(pendingPost == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException(“No pending post available”);
}
eventBus.invokeSubscriber(pendingPost);
}
但是每次只取一个pendingPost。不论发布线程是否为主线程,都使用一个空闲线程来处理。Async类的所有线程是相互独立的,因此不会出现卡线程的问题。
说到这里这三个poster都是负责线程调度的,最后都调用invokeSubscriber进行事件分发,那么我们有必要来来看下这个invokeSubscriber方法。
invokeSubscriber
/**
-
Invokes the subscriber if the subscriptions is still active. Skipping subscriptions prevents race conditions
-
between {@link #unregister(Object)} and event delivery. Otherwise the event might be delivered after the
-
subscriber unregistered. This is particularly important for main thread delivery and registrations bound to the
-
live cycle of an Activity or Fragment.
*/
void invokeSubscriber(PendingPost pendingPost) {
Object event = pendingPost.event;
Subscription subscription = pendingPost.subscription;
PendingPost.releasePendingPost(pendingPost);
if (subscription.active) {
invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
}
}
void invokeSubscriber(Subscription subscription, Object event) {
try {
subscription.subscriberMethod.method.invoke(subscription.subscriber, event);
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
handleSubscriberException(subscription, event, e.getCause());
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
throw new IllegalStateException(“Unexpected exception”, e);
}
}
这样就比较一目了然了,从peningPost中得到事件和订阅,通过反射调用了订阅者的订阅函数并把event对象作为参数传入。
二、注册事件
======
/**
-
Registers the given subscriber to receive events. Subscribers must call {@link #unregister(Object)} once they
-
are no longer interested in receiving events.
-
-
Subscribers have event handling methods that must be annotated by {@link Subscribe}.
-
The {@link Subscribe} annotation also allows configuration like {@link
-
ThreadMode} and priority.
*/
public void register(Object subscriber) {
Class<?> subscriberClass = subscriber.getClass();
List subscriberMethods = subscriberMethodFinder.findSubscriberMethods(subscriberClass);
synchronized (this) {
for (SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod : subscriberMethods) {
subscribe(subscriber, subscriberMethod);
}
}
}
我们可以看到这个注册方法
首先获取订阅者的class对象,通过subscriberMethodFinder寻找这个class对象的所有订阅方法集合SubscriberMethod,SubscriberMethod,而SubscriberMethod中包含了相应的线程、Method对象、事件类型、优先级记忆是否是粘性事件等。
然后通过 subscribe(subscriber, subscriberMethod);订阅事件,而subscriberMethod对象是通过subscriberMethodFinder获取的,所以我们先来看下subscriberMethodFinder的实现
subscriberMethodFinder
subscriberMethodFinder类是用来查找和缓存订阅者响应函数的信息的类,那么我们如何获取订阅者响应函数的信息,这里就要提到APT运行时注解了,当然我们这里不对APT进行介绍,EventBus中是通过@Subscribe()注解来获取的,我们来看下@Subscribe()
言归正传我们来看subscriberMethodFinder方法
List findSubscriberMethods(Class<?> subscriberClass) {
List subscriberMethods = METHOD_CACHE.get(subscriberClass);
if (subscriberMethods != null) {
return subscriberMethods;
}
if (ignoreGeneratedIndex) {
subscriberMethods = findUsingReflection(subscriberClass);
} else {
subscriberMethods = findUsingInfo(subscriberClass);
}
if (subscriberMethods.isEmpty()) {
throw new EventBusException("Subscriber " + subscriberClass
- " and its super classes have no public methods with the @Subscribe annotation");
} else {
METHOD_CACHE.put(subscriberClass, subscriberMethods);
return subscriberMethods;
}
}
从METHOD_CACHE取看是否有缓存,key是保存订阅类的类名,value是保存类中订阅的方法数据,如果忽略注解器生成的MyEventBusIndex类就调用反射来获取订阅类中的订阅方法信息,如果没有忽略就从注解生成的是否忽略注解器生成的MyEventBusIndex类中来获取订阅类中的订阅方法信息。
findUsingReflection
private List findUsingReflection(Class<?> subscriberClass) {
FindState findState = prepareFindState();
findState.initForSubscriber(subscriberClass);
while (findState.clazz != null) {
//通过反射来获得订阅方法信息
findUsingReflectionInSingleClass(findState);
//查找父类的订阅方法
findState.moveToSuperclass();
}
//返回订阅方法集合
return getMethodsAndRelease(findState);
}
findUsingReflectionInSingleClass
private void findUsingReflectionInSingleClass(FindState findState) {
Method[] methods;
//反射得到方法数组
try {
// This is faster than getMethods, especially when subscribers are fat classes like Activities
methods = findState.clazz.getDeclaredMethods();
} catch (Throwable th) {
// Workaround for java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError, see https://github.com/greenrobot/EventBus/issues/149
methods = findState.clazz.getMethods();
findState.skipSuperClasses = true;
}
//遍历Method
for (Method method : methods) {
int modifiers = method.getModifiers();
if ((modifiers & Modifier.PUBLIC) != 0 && (modifiers & MODIFIERS_IGNORE) == 0) {
Class<?>[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
//保证必须只有一个事件参数
if (parameterTypes.length == 1) {
//得到注解
Subscribe subscribeAnnotation = method.getAnnotation(Subscribe.class);
if (subscribeAnnotation != null) {
Class<?> eventType = parameterTypes[0];
//校验是否添加该方法
if (findState.checkAdd(method, eventType)) {
ThreadMode threadMode = subscribeAnnotation.threadMode();
//实例化SubscriberMethod对象并添加
findState.subscriberMethods.add(new SubscriberMethod(method, eventType, threadMode,
subscribeAnnotation.priority(), subscribeAnnotation.sticky()));
}
}
} else if (strictMethodVerification && method.isAnnotationPresent(Subscribe.class)) {
String methodName = method.getDeclaringClass().getName() + “.” + method.getName();
throw new EventBusException("@Subscribe method " + methodName +
"must have exactly 1 parameter but has " + parameterTypes.length);
}
} else if (strictMethodVerification && method.isAnnotationPresent(Subscribe.class)) {
String methodName = method.getDeclaringClass().getName() + “.” + method.getName();
throw new EventBusException(methodName +
" is a illegal @Subscribe method: must be public, non-static, and non-abstract");
}
}
}
findUsingInfo
findUsingInfo是通过运行时注解生成的MyEventBusIndex类来获取订阅方法信息
private List findUsingInfo(Class<?> subscriberClass) {
FindState findState = prepareFindState();
findState.initForSubscriber(subscriberClass);
while (findState.clazz != null) {
//得到订阅者信息
findState.subscriberInfo = getSubscriberInfo(findState);
if (findState.subscriberInfo != null) {
//获取方法数组
SubscriberMethod[] array = findState.subscriberInfo.getSubscriberMethods();
for (SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod : array) {
//检验是否添加
if (findState.checkAdd(subscriberMethod.method, subscriberMethod.eventType)) {
findState.subscriberMethods.add(subscriberMethod);
}
}
} else {
findUsingReflectionInSingleClass(findState);
}
//到父类中查找
findState.moveToSuperclass();
}
return getMethodsAndRelease(findState);
}
getSubscriberInfo
private SubscriberInfo getSubscriberInfo(FindState findState) {
//判断FindState对象中是否有缓存的订阅方法
if (findState.subscriberInfo != null && findState.subscriberInfo.getSuperSubscriberInfo() != null) {
SubscriberInfo superclassInfo = findState.subscriberInfo.getSuperSubscriberInfo();
if (findState.clazz == superclassInfo.getSubscriberClass()) {
return superclassInfo;
}
}
//从注解器生成的MyEventBusIndex类中获得订阅类的订阅方法信息
if (subscriberInfoIndexes != null) {
for (SubscriberInfoIndex index : subscriberInfoIndexes) {
SubscriberInfo info = index.getSubscriberInfo(findState.clazz);
if (info != null) {
return info;
}
}
}
return null;
}
这样,订阅类的所有SubscriberMethod都已经被保存了,最后再通过getMethodsAndRelease()返回List。
然后我们再回到注册中的subscribe(subscriber, subscriberMethod);方法,方法代码如下:
//必须在同步代码块里调用
private void subscribe(Object subscriber, SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod) {
//获取订阅的事件类型
Class<?> eventType = subscriberMethod.eventType;
//创建Subscription对象
Subscription newSubscription = new Subscription(subscriber, subscriberMethod);
//从subscriptionsByEventType里检查是否已经添加过该Subscription,如果添加过就抛出异常
CopyOnWriteArrayList subscriptions = subscriptionsByEventType.get(eventType);
if (subscriptions == null) {
subscriptions = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
subscriptionsByEventType.put(eventType, subscriptions);
} else {
if (subscriptions.contains(newSubscription)) {
throw new EventBusException("Subscriber " + subscriber.getClass() + " already registered to event "
- eventType);
}
}
//根据优先级priority来添加Subscription对象
int size = subscriptions.size();
for (int i = 0; i <= size; i++) {
if (i == size || subscriberMethod.priority > subscriptions.get(i).subscriberMethod.priority) {
subscriptions.add(i, newSubscription);
break;
}
}
//将订阅者对象以及订阅的事件保存到typesBySubscriber里.
List<Class<?>> subscribedEvents = typesBySubscriber.get(subscriber);
if (subscribedEvents == null) {
subscribedEvents = new ArrayList<>();
typesBySubscriber.put(subscriber, subscribedEvents);
}
subscribedEvents.add(eventType);
//如果接收sticky事件,立即分发sticky事件
if (subscriberMethod.sticky) {
//eventInheritance 表示是否分发订阅了响应事件类父类事件的方法
if (eventInheritance) {
// Existing sticky events of all subclasses of eventType have to be considered.
// Note: Iterating over all events may be inefficient with lots of sticky events,
// thus data structure should be changed to allow a more efficient lookup
// (e.g. an additional map storing sub classes of super classes: Class -> List).
Set<Map.Entry<Class<?>, Object>> entries = stickyEvents.entrySet();
for (Map.Entry<Class<?>, Object> entry : entries) {
Class<?> candidateEventType = entry.getKey();
if (eventType.isAssignableFrom(candidateEventType)) {
Object stickyEvent = entry.getValue();
checkPostStickyEventToSubscription(newSubscription, stickyEvent);
}
}
} else {
Object stickyEvent = stickyEvents.get(eventType);
checkPostStickyEventToSubscription(newSubscription, stickyEvent);
}
}
}
三、发送事件
======
EventBus是通过post()方法进行事件发送的,接下来我们来看post方法
/** Posts the given event to the event bus. */
public void post(Object event) {
PostingThreadState postingState = currentPostingThreadState.get();
List eventQueue = postingState.eventQueue;
eventQueue.add(event);
最后
那我们该怎么做才能做到年薪60万+呢,对于程序员来说,只有不断学习,不断提升自己的实力。我之前有篇文章提到过,感兴趣的可以看看,到底要学习哪些知识才能达到年薪60万+。
通过职友集数据可以查看,以北京 Android 相关岗位为例,其中 【20k-30k】 薪酬的 Android 工程师,占到了整体从业者的 30.8%!
北京 Android 工程师「工资收入水平 」
今天重点内容是怎么去学,怎么提高自己的技术。
1.合理安排时间
2.找对好的系统的学习资料
3.有老师带,可以随时解决问题
4.有明确的学习路线
当然图中有什么需要补充的或者是需要改善的,可以在评论区写下来,一起交流学习。
网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。
一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远!不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!
PostingThreadState postingState = currentPostingThreadState.get();
List eventQueue = postingState.eventQueue;
eventQueue.add(event);
最后
那我们该怎么做才能做到年薪60万+呢,对于程序员来说,只有不断学习,不断提升自己的实力。我之前有篇文章提到过,感兴趣的可以看看,到底要学习哪些知识才能达到年薪60万+。
通过职友集数据可以查看,以北京 Android 相关岗位为例,其中 【20k-30k】 薪酬的 Android 工程师,占到了整体从业者的 30.8%!
北京 Android 工程师「工资收入水平 」
[外链图片转存中…(img-j0OOPwu3-1715665817491)]
今天重点内容是怎么去学,怎么提高自己的技术。
1.合理安排时间
2.找对好的系统的学习资料
3.有老师带,可以随时解决问题
4.有明确的学习路线
当然图中有什么需要补充的或者是需要改善的,可以在评论区写下来,一起交流学习。
[外链图片转存中…(img-Uaf8O3an-1715665817491)]
网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。
一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远!不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!