既有适合小白学习的零基础资料,也有适合3年以上经验的小伙伴深入学习提升的进阶课程,涵盖了95%以上软件测试知识点,真正体系化!
由于文件比较多,这里只是将部分目录截图出来,全套包含大厂面经、学习笔记、源码讲义、实战项目、大纲路线、讲解视频,并且后续会持续更新
先写个Stub,
public class MailServiceStub implements MailService {
private List messages = new ArrayList();
public void send(Message msg) {
messages.add(msg);
}
public int numberSent() {
return messages.size();
}
}
实现Stub的状态验证,
*class OrderStateTester...*
public void testOrderSendsMailIfUnfilled() {
Order order = new Order(TALISKER, 51);
MailServiceStub mailer = new MailServiceStub();
order.setMailer(mailer);
order.fill(warehouse);
assertEquals(1, mailer.numberSent());
}
只做了简单的测试,断言发出了1封邮件。没有测试是否发送给了对的收件人,或者邮件正文是否正确。不过不影响跟Mock比较。
如果用Mock,会怎么写呢?
*class OrderInteractionTester...*
public void testOrderSendsMailIfUnfilled() {
Order order = new Order(TALISKER, 51);
Mock warehouse = mock(Warehouse.class);
Mock mailer = mock(MailService.class);
order.setMailer((MailService) mailer.proxy());
mailer.expects(once()).method("send");
warehouse.expects(once()).method("hasInventory")
.withAnyArguments()
.will(returnValue(false));
order.fill((Warehouse) warehouse.proxy());
}
结合一张图,就一下全明白了,
![2020-08-21_172121_副本](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/67556b8e38650cd6039f550c60b89658.png)
## 怎么喝Mockito?
添加Maven dependency,
org.mockito mockito-core 3.3.3 test
现在可以开始Mock了,先Mock一个List Interface试试,(示例只是玩语法,实际应使用instance)
//Let’s import Mockito statically so that the code looks clearer
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
// mock creation
List mockedList = mock(List.class);
// using mock object
mockedList.add(“one”);
mockedList.clear();
// verification
verify(mockedList).add(“one”);
verify(mockedList).clear();
接着用Mockito来做Stub:
// You can mock concrete classes, not just interfaces
LinkedList mockedList = mock(LinkedList.class);
// stubbing
when(mockedList.get(0)).thenReturn(“first”);
when(mockedList.get(1)).thenThrow(new RuntimeException());
// following prints “first”
System.out.println(mockedList.get(0));
// following throws runtime exception
System.out.println(mockedList.get(1));
// following prints “null” because get(999) was not stubbed
System.out.println(mockedList.get(999));
// Although it is possible to verify a stubbed invocation, usually it’s just redundant
// If your code cares what get(0) returns, then something else breaks
// (often even before verify() gets executed).
// If your code doesn’t care what get(0) returns, then it should not be stubbed.
verify(mockedList).get(0);
mock默认会返回null,或原始值,或空集合。如int/Integer返回0,boolean/Boolean返回false。
## 小结
本文首先介绍了Mockito是Java的单元测试Mock框架,然后比较了单元测试中Stub和Mock的区别,最后演示了Mockito如何使用。
![img](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/4e3d0a1864a060f8e82e8fad9c94592c.png)
![img](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/cb933d7d0bbaa26e99fc83454b533384.png)
**网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。**
**[需要这份系统化的资料的朋友,可以戳这里获取](https://bbs.csdn.net/topics/618631832)**
**一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远!不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!**
**[需要这份系统化的资料的朋友,可以戳这里获取](https://bbs.csdn.net/topics/618631832)**
**一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远!不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!**