最后
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font = QtGui.QFont()
font.setPointSize(11)
self.label_2.setFont(font)
self.label_2.setObjectName("label\_2")
self.label_3 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents_3)
self.label_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 40, 321, 81))
self.label_3.setObjectName("label\_3")
self.scrollArea_3.setWidget(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents_3)
self.scrollArea_4 = QtWidgets.QScrollArea(self.centralwidget)
self.scrollArea_4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(1040, 510, 161, 131))
self.scrollArea_4.setWidgetResizable(True)
self.scrollArea_4.setObjectName("scrollArea\_4")
self.scrollAreaWidgetContents_4 = QtWidgets.QWidget()
self.scrollAreaWidgetContents_4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 159, 129))
self.scrollAreaWidgetContents_4.setObjectName("scrollAreaWidgetContents\_4")
self.pushButton_2 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents_4)
self.pushButton_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 50, 121, 31))
self.pushButton_2.setObjectName("pushButton\_2")
self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents_4)
self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 90, 121, 31))
self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
self.label_4 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents_4)
self.label_4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 10, 111, 20))
font = QtGui.QFont()
font.setPointSize(11)
self.label_4.setFont(font)
self.label_4.setObjectName("label\_4")
self.scrollArea_4.setWidget(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents_4)
MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)
self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)
self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.__openimage) # 设置点击事件
self.pushButton.setStyleSheet('''QPushButton{background:#222225;border-radius:5px;}QPushButton:hover{background:#2B2B2B;}''')
self.pushButton_2.clicked.connect(self.__writeFiles) # 设置点击事件
self.pushButton_2.setStyleSheet('''QPushButton{background:#222225;border-radius:5px;}QPushButton:hover{background:#2B2B2B;}''')
self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
self.close_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.centralwidget)
self.close_widget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(1130, 0, 90, 50))
self.close_widget.setObjectName("close\_widget")
self.close_layout = QGridLayout() # 创建左侧部件的网格布局层
self.close_widget.setLayout(self.close_layout) # 设置左侧部件布局为网格
self.left_close = QPushButton("") # 关闭按钮
self.left_close.clicked.connect(self.close)
self.left_visit = QPushButton("") # 空白按钮
self.left_visit.clicked.connect(MainWindow.big)
self.left_mini = QPushButton("") # 最小化按钮
self.left_mini.clicked.connect(MainWindow.mini)
self.close_layout.addWidget(self.left_mini, 0, 0, 1, 1)
self.close_layout.addWidget(self.left_close, 0, 2, 1, 1)
self.close_layout.addWidget(self.left_visit, 0, 1, 1, 1)
self.left_close.setFixedSize(15, 15) # 设置关闭按钮的大小
self.left_visit.setFixedSize(15, 15) # 设置按钮大小
self.left_mini.setFixedSize(15, 15) # 设置最小化按钮大小
self.left_close.setStyleSheet(
'''QPushButton{background:#F76677;border-radius:5px;}QPushButton:hover{background:red;}''')
self.left_visit.setStyleSheet(
'''QPushButton{background:#F7D674;border-radius:5px;}QPushButton:hover{background:yellow;}''')
self.left_mini.setStyleSheet(
'''QPushButton{background:#6DDF6D;border-radius:5px;}QPushButton:hover{background:green;}''')
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)
self.ProjectPath = os.getcwd() # 获取当前工程文件位置
self.scrollAreaWidgetContents.setStyleSheet(sc)
self.scrollAreaWidgetContents_3.setStyleSheet(sc)
self.scrollAreaWidgetContents_4.setStyleSheet(sc)
b = '''
color:white;
background:#2B2B2B;
‘’’
self.label_0.setStyleSheet(b)
self.label_1.setStyleSheet(b)
self.label_2.setStyleSheet(b)
self.label_3.setStyleSheet(b)
MainWindow.setWindowOpacity(0.95) # 设置窗口透明度
MainWindow.setAttribute(Qt.WA_TranslucentBackground)
MainWindow.setWindowFlag(Qt.FramelessWindowHint) # 隐藏边框
author:CSDN-Dragon少年
def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
_translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate(“MainWindow”, “车牌识别系统”))
self.label_0.setText(_translate(“MainWindow”, “原始图片:”))
self.label.setText(_translate(“MainWindow”, “”))
self.label_1.setText(_translate(“MainWindow”, “识别结果:”))
self.label_2.setText(_translate(“MainWindow”, “车牌区域:”))
self.label_3.setText(_translate(“MainWindow”, “”))
self.pushButton.setText(_translate(“MainWindow”, “打开文件”))
self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate(“MainWindow”, “导出数据”))
self.label_4.setText(_translate(“MainWindow”, “事件:”))
self.scrollAreaWidgetContents_1.show()
UI实现效果如下:
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/569378992ccf4d1990cf8e1001bf6f8d.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hobGFkbWluaGhs,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
##### 2. 车牌识别
接下来我们需要实现两个核心功能,包括获取**车牌ROI区域**和**车牌自动识别**功能。
**车牌ROI区域提取:**
根据读取的车辆图片,预处理进行车牌ROI区域提取,主要通过Opencv的图像处理相关知识点来完成。主要包括对图像去噪、二值化、边缘轮廓提取、矩形区域矫正、蓝绿黄车牌颜色定位识别。核心代码如下:
author:CSDN-Dragon少年
预处理
def pretreatment(self, car_pic):
if type(car_pic) == type(“”):
img = self.__imreadex(car_pic)
else:
img = car_pic
pic_hight, pic_width = img.shape[:2]
if pic_width > self.MAX_WIDTH:
resize_rate = self.MAX_WIDTH / pic_width
img = cv2.resize(img, (self.MAX_WIDTH, int(pic_hight \* resize_rate)),
interpolation=cv2.INTER_AREA) # 图片分辨率调整
blur = self.cfg["blur"]
# 高斯去噪
if blur > 0:
img = cv2.GaussianBlur(img, (blur, blur), 0)
oldimg = img
img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
kernel = np.ones((20, 20), np.uint8)
img_opening = cv2.morphologyEx(img, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, kernel) # 开运算
img_opening = cv2.addWeighted(img, 1, img_opening, -1, 0); # 与上一次开运算结果融合
# cv2.imshow('img\_opening', img\_opening)
# 找到图像边缘
ret, img_thresh = cv2.threshold(img_opening, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY + cv2.THRESH_OTSU) # 二值化
img_edge = cv2.Canny(img_thresh, 100, 200)
# cv2.imshow('img\_edge', img\_edge)
# 使用开运算和闭运算让图像边缘成为一个整体
kernel = np.ones((self.cfg["morphologyr"], self.cfg["morphologyc"]), np.uint8)
img_edge1 = cv2.morphologyEx(img_edge, cv2.MORPH_CLOSE, kernel) # 闭运算
img_edge2 = cv2.morphologyEx(img_edge1, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, kernel) # 开运算
# cv2.imshow('img\_edge2', img\_edge2)
# cv2.imwrite('./edge2.png', img\_edge2)
# 查找图像边缘整体形成的矩形区域,可能有很多,车牌就在其中一个矩形区域中
image, contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(img_edge2, cv2.RETR_TREE, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
contours = [cnt for cnt in contours if cv2.contourArea(cnt) > self.Min_Area]
# 逐个排除不是车牌的矩形区域
car_contours = []
for cnt in contours:
# 框选 生成最小外接矩形 返回值(中心(x,y), (宽,高), 旋转角度)
rect = cv2.minAreaRect(cnt)
# print('宽高:',rect[1])
area_width, area_height = rect[1]
# 选择宽大于高的区域
if area_width < area_height:
area_width, area_height = area_height, area_width
wh_ratio = area_width / area_height
# print('宽高比:',wh\_ratio)
# 要求矩形区域长宽比在2到5.5之间,2到5.5是车牌的长宽比,其余的矩形排除
if wh_ratio > 2 and wh_ratio < 5.5:
car_contours.append(rect)
box = cv2.boxPoints(rect)
box = np.int0(box)
# 矩形区域可能是倾斜的矩形,需要矫正,以便使用颜色定位
card_imgs = []
for rect in car_contours:
if rect[2] > -1 and rect[2] < 1: # 创造角度,使得左、高、右、低拿到正确的值
angle = 1
else:
angle = rect[2]
rect = (rect[0], (rect[1][0] + 5, rect[1][1] + 5), angle) # 扩大范围,避免车牌边缘被排除
box = cv2.boxPoints(rect)
heigth_point = right_point = [0, 0]
left_point = low_point = [pic_width, pic_hight]
for point in box:
if left_point[0] > point[0]:
left_point = point
if low_point[1] > point[1]:
low_point = point
if heigth_point[1] < point[1]:
heigth_point = point
if right_point[0] < point[0]:
right_point = point
if left_point[1] <= right_point[1]: # 正角度
new_right_point = [right_point[0], heigth_point[1]]
pts2 = np.float32([left_point, heigth_point, new_right_point]) # 字符只是高度需要改变
pts1 = np.float32([left_point, heigth_point, right_point])
M = cv2.getAffineTransform(pts1, pts2)
dst = cv2.warpAffine(oldimg, M, (pic_width, pic_hight))
self.__point_limit(new_right_point)
self.__point_limit(heigth_point)
self.__point_limit(left_point)
card_img = dst[int(left_point[1]):int(heigth_point[1]), int(left_point[0]):int(new_right_point[0])]
card_imgs.append(card_img)
elif left_point[1] > right_point[1]: # 负角度
new_left_point = [left_point[0], heigth_point[1]]
pts2 = np.float32([new_left_point, heigth_point, right_point]) # 字符只是高度需要改变
pts1 = np.float32([left_point, heigth_point, right_point])
M = cv2.getAffineTransform(pts1, pts2)
dst = cv2.warpAffine(oldimg, M, (pic_width, pic_hight))
self.__point_limit(right_point)
self.__point_limit(heigth_point)
self.__point_limit(new_left_point)
card_img = dst[int(right_point[1]):int(heigth_point[1]), int(new_left_point[0]):int(right_point[0])]
card_imgs.append(card_img)
#使用颜色定位,排除不是车牌的矩形,目前只识别蓝、绿、黄车牌
colors = []
for card_index, card_img in enumerate(card_imgs):
green = yellow = blue = black = white = 0
try:
# 有转换失败的可能,原因来自于上面矫正矩形出错
card_img_hsv = cv2.cvtColor(card_img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
except:
print('BGR转HSV失败')
card_imgs = colors = None
return card_imgs, colors
if card_img_hsv is None:
continue
row_num, col_num = card_img_hsv.shape[:2]
card_img_count = row_num \* col_num
# 确定车牌颜色
for i in range(row_num):
for j in range(col_num):
H = card_img_hsv.item(i, j, 0)
S = card_img_hsv.item(i, j, 1)
V = card_img_hsv.item(i, j, 2)
if 11 < H <= 34 and S > 34: # 图片分辨率调整
yellow += 1
elif 35 < H <= 99 and S > 34: # 图片分辨率调整
green += 1
elif 99 < H <= 124 and S > 34: # 图片分辨率调整
blue += 1
if 0 < H < 180 and 0 < S < 255 and 0 < V < 46:
black += 1
elif 0 < H < 180 and 0 < S < 43 and 221 < V < 225:
white += 1
color = "no"
# print('黄:{:<6}绿:{:<6}蓝:{:<6}'.format(yellow,green,blue))
limit1 = limit2 = 0
if yellow \* 2 >= card_img_count:
color = "yellow"
limit1 = 11
limit2 = 34 # 有的图片有色偏偏绿
elif green \* 2 >= card_img_count:
color = "green"
limit1 = 35
limit2 = 99
elif blue \* 2 >= card_img_count:
color = "blue"
limit1 = 100
limit2 = 124 # 有的图片有色偏偏紫
elif black + white >= card_img_count \* 0.7:
color = "bw"
# print(color)
colors.append(color)
# print(blue, green, yellow, black, white, card\_img\_count)
if limit1 == 0:
continue
# 根据车牌颜色再定位,缩小边缘非车牌边界
xl, xr, yh, yl = self.accurate_place(card_img_hsv, limit1, limit2, color)
if yl == yh and xl == xr:
continue
need_accurate = False
if yl >= yh:
yl = 0
yh = row_num
need_accurate = True
if xl >= xr:
xl = 0
xr = col_num
need_accurate = True
card_imgs[card_index] = card_img[yl:yh, xl:xr] \
if color != "green" or yl < (yh - yl) // 4 else card_img[yl - (yh - yl) // 4:yh, xl:xr]
if need_accurate: # 可能x或y方向未缩小,需要再试一次
card_img = card_imgs[card_index]
card_img_hsv = cv2.cvtColor(card_img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
xl, xr, yh, yl = self.accurate_place(card_img_hsv, limit1, limit2, color)
if yl == yh and xl == xr:
continue
if yl >= yh:
yl = 0
yh = row_num
if xl >= xr:
xl = 0
xr = col_num
card_imgs[card_index] = card_img[yl:yh, xl:xr] \
if color != "green" or yl < (yh - yl) // 4 else card_img[yl - (yh - yl) // 4:yh, xl:xr]
# cv2.imshow("result", card\_imgs[0])
# cv2.imwrite('1.jpg', card\_imgs[0])
# print('颜色识别结果:' + colors[0])
return card_imgs, colors
至此我们就可以输出车牌ROI区域和车牌颜色了,效果如下:
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2dafebe9fe164152b17a60c3dc52b38a.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hobGFkbWluaGhs,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
**车牌自动识别:**
车牌识别博主自己写了一个基于Opencv和SVM的识别系统,由于代码篇幅较长,本篇不进行展示(**感兴趣的可以私信博主获取源码**)。本篇介绍调用百度AI提供的车牌识别接口 – [百度AI开放平台链接](https://bbs.csdn.net/topics/618317507),识别效果也非常不错。
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/62e798dd37ad4b80a0ef0c4602fcaa12.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hobGFkbWluaGhs,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
这里面我们可以创建一个车牌识别的应用,其中的**API Key及Secret Key**后面我们调用车牌识别检测接口时会用到。
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/46c115f4eacb4b3f9225ed983f295dae.png)
我们可以看到官方提供的帮助文档,介绍了如何**调用请求URL数据格式,向API服务地址使用POST发送请求**,必须在URL中带上参数**access\_token**,可通过后台的API Key和Secret Key生成。这里面的API Key和Secret Key就是我们上面提到的。
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/668a9a4094df4d5686f12285d366f768.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hobGFkbWluaGhs,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
接下来我们看看调用车牌识别接口代码示例。
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/da4f9e85018b4f6b9c7f2e6abe60d6af.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hobGFkbWluaGhs,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
那我们如何获取识别的车牌号码呢?API文档可以看到里面有个**words\_result字典** ,其中的**color代表车牌颜色** ,**number代表车牌号码** 。这样我就可以知道识别的车牌颜色和车牌号了。
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/0987df63ffe04d8b9ef98c8d935bff9a.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hobGFkbWluaGhs,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
车牌识别的接口调用流程基本已经清楚了,下面就可以进行代码实现了。
author:CSDN-Dragon少年
def get_token(self):
host = ‘https://aip.baidubce.com/oauth/2.0/token?grant_type=client_credentials&client_id=’ + self.client_id + ‘&client_secret=’ + self.client_secret
response = requests.get(host)
if response:
token_info = response.json()
token_key = token_info[‘access_token’]
return token_key
author:CSDN-Dragon少年
def get_license_plate(self, car_pic):
result = {}
card_imgs, colors = self.pretreatment(car_pic)
request_url = “https://aip.baidubce.com/rest/2.0/ocr/v1/license_plate”
# 二进制方式打开图片文件
f = open(car_pic, ‘rb’)
img = base64.b64encode(f.read())
params = {“image”: img}
access_token = self.get_token()
request_url = request_url + “?access_token=” + access_token
headers = {‘content-type’: ‘application/x-www-form-urlencoded’}
response = requests.post(request_url, data=params, headers=headers)
if response:
print(response.json())
license_result = response.json()[‘words_result’][‘number’]
card_color = response.json()[‘words_result’][‘color’]
if license_result != []:
result[‘InputTime’] = time.strftime(“%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S”)
result[‘Type’] = self.cardtype[card_color]
result[‘Picture’] = card_imgs[0]
result[‘Number’] = ‘’.join(license_result[:2]) + ‘·’ + ‘’.join(license_result[2:])
try:
result[‘From’] = ‘’.join(self.Prefecture[license_result[0]][license_result[1]])
except:
result[‘From’] = ‘未知’
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