MySQL全文索引、联合索引、like查询、json查询速度大比拼

下面分别列出4种方式查询outline字段，给出相应的查询时间和扫描行数

一、like查询

========

耗时248毫秒

SELECT * FROM tmp_test_course

WHERE type=5 AND del=2 AND is_leaf=1

AND (

outline like ‘%jy1577683381775%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1577683380808%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1577683379178%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1577683378676%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1577683377617%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1577683376672%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1577683375903%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1578385720787%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1499916986208%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1499917112460%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1499917093400%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1499917335579%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1499917334770%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1499917333339%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1499917331557%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1499917330833%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1499917329615%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1499917328496%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1576922006950%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1499916993558%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1499916992308%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1499917003454%’

OR outline like ‘%jy1499917002952%’

)

EXPLAIN分析结果如下，全表扫描

二、json函数查询

==========

使用函数JSON_SEARCH，更多函数请查看MySQL官方文档

可以看到，查询耗时196毫秒，速度稍微快了一点

SELECT * FROM tmp_test_course

WHERE type=5 AND del=2 AND is_leaf=1

AND

(

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1577683381775’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1577683380808’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1577683379178’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1577683378676’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1577683377617’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1577683376672’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1577683375903’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1578385720787’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1499916986208’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1499917112460’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1499917093400’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1499917335579’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1499917334770’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1499917333339’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1499917331557’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1499917330833’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1499917329615’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1499917328496’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1576922006950’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1499916993558’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1499916992308’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1499917003454’) IS NOT NULL OR

JSON_SEARCH(outline, ‘one’, ‘jy1499917002952’) IS NOT NULL

)

EXPLAIN分析结果如下，还是全表扫描

三、联合索引查询

========

下面为该表建立一个联合索引(本来想建一个type-del-is_leaf-outline的索引，但是outline字段太长限制，所以只加type-del-is_leaf的联合索引

ALTER TABLE tmp_test_course ADD KEY type-del-is_leaf (type,del,is_leaf)

加入索引后再执行like和json查询，明显提速。

like执行用了136毫秒，json查询用了82.6毫秒，由此可见针对json类型使用json函数查询比like快

EXPLAIN分析结果如下，两者查询扫描的行数都限定在了2931行

四、全文索引查询

========

因为全文索引只支持CHAR、VARCHAR和TEXT，我们需要把JSON字段定义改一下

ALTER TABLE tmp_test_course MODIFY outline VARCHAR(1024) NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘[]’

添加全文索引

ALTER TABLE tmp_test_course ADD FULLTEXT INDEX outline (outline);

现在再来用全文索引进行检索

SELECT * FROM tmp_test_course

WHERE type=5 AND del=2 AND is_leaf=1

AND

MATCH(outline) AGAINST (‘jy1577683381775 jy1577683380808 jy1577683379178 jy1577683378676 jy1577683377617 jy1577683376672 jy1577683375903 jy1578385720787 jy1499916986208 jy1499917112460 jy1499917093400 jy1499917335579 jy1499917334770 jy1499917333339 jy1499917331557 jy1499917330833 jy1499917329615 jy1499917328496 jy1576922006950 jy1499916993558 jy1499916992308 jy1499917003454 jy1499917002952’)

耗时11.6毫秒,速度提升极其明显，可见全文索引的牛逼。

写在最后

还有一份JAVA核心知识点整理（PDF）：JVM，JAVA集合，JAVA多线程并发，JAVA基础，Spring原理，微服务，Netty与RPC，网络，日志，Zookeeper，Kafka，RabbitMQ，Hbase，MongoDB，Cassandra，设计模式，负载均衡，数据库，一致性哈希，JAVA算法，数据结构，加密算法，分布式缓存，Hadoop，Spark，Storm，YARN，机器学习，云计算…

显，可见全文索引的牛逼。

写在最后

还有一份JAVA核心知识点整理（PDF）：JVM，JAVA集合，JAVA多线程并发，JAVA基础，Spring原理，微服务，Netty与RPC，网络，日志，Zookeeper，Kafka，RabbitMQ，Hbase，MongoDB，Cassandra，设计模式，负载均衡，数据库，一致性哈希，JAVA算法，数据结构，加密算法，分布式缓存，Hadoop，Spark，Storm，YARN，机器学习，云计算…

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