Java~序列化和反序列化为什么要实现Serializable接口

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**开源地址：https://docs.qq.com/doc/DSmxTbFJ1cmN1R2dB **

private Integer age;

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public Integer getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(Integer age) {

this.age = age;

}

@Override

public String toString() {

return “User{” +

“name='” + name + ‘’’ +

“, age=” + age +

‘}’;

}

}

(2) 测试类

先进行序列化， 再进行反序列化.

public class DemoSerialVersionUID {

private static void serialize(User user) throws Exception {

ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File(“D:\test\111.txt”)));

oos.writeObject(user);

oos.close();

}

private static User deserialize() throws Exception{

ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File(“D:\test\111.txt”)));

return (User) ois.readObject();

}

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

User user = new User();

user.setName(“Listen”);

user.setAge(22);

System.out.println("序列化前的结果: " + user);

serialize(user);

User dUser = deserialize();

System.out.println("反序列化后的结果: "+ dUser);

}

}

(3) 结果

先注释掉反序列化代码， 执行序列化代码， 然后 User 类新增一个属性 sex

public class User implements Serializable {

private String name;

private Integer age;

private String sex;

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public Integer getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(Integer age) {

this.age = age;

}

public String getSex() {

return sex;

}

public void setSex(String sex) {

this.sex = sex;

}

@Override

public String toString() {

return “User{” +

“name='” + name + ‘’’ +

“, age=” + age +

“, sex='” + sex + ‘’’ +

‘}’;

}

}

再注释掉序列化代码执行反序列化代码， 最后结果如下:

Exception in thread “main” java.io.InvalidClassException: User; local class incompatible: stream classdesc serialVersionUID = -8511650324417820915, local class serialVersionUID = -29281549270299246

报错结果为序列化与反序列化产生的 serialVersionUID 不一致.

接下来我们在上面 User 类的基础上显示指定一个 serialVersionUID

再执行上述步骤， 测试结果如下:

序列化前的结果: User{name=‘Listen’, age=22, sex=‘null’}

反序列化后的结果: User{name=‘Listen’, age=22, sex=‘null’}

Process finished with exit code 0

显示指定 serialVersionUID 后就解决了序列化与反序列化产生的 serialVersionUID 不一致的问题.