"github.com/go-stomp/stomp"
)
func main() {
tlsConfig := &tls.Config{
InsecureSkipVerify: true, // 在生产环境中请勿使用此选项
}
conn, err := stomp.DialTLS("tcp", "localhost:61614", stomp.ConnOpt.TLS(tlsConfig))
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to connect to STOMP server: %v", err)
}
defer conn.Disconnect()
// Perform STOMP operations...
}
#### 3. Go-nats: NATS库
##### 3.1 功能介绍
Go-nats是一个用于连接和与NATS(快速且轻量级的消息系统)进行通信的Go语言库。它提供了简单的发布-订阅模型和请求-响应模式,适用于构建高性能和可伸缩的分布式系统。
##### 3.2 使用示例
package main
import (
“fmt”
“log”
"github.com/nats-io/nats.go"
)
func main() {
nc, err := nats.Connect(nats.DefaultURL)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf(“Failed to connect to NATS server: %v”, err)
}
defer nc.Close()
// 发布消息
err = nc.Publish("subject", []byte("Hello NATS"))
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to publish message: %v", err)
}
// 订阅消息
nc.Subscribe("subject", func(m \*nats.Msg) {
fmt.Printf("Received message: %s\n", string(m.Data))
})
select {}
}
##### 3.3 进阶应用示例
在实际项目中,除了基本的发布和订阅外,还有许多高级功能可供利用,例如请求-响应模式、负载均衡等。以下是一个展示这些进阶应用的示例代码:
package main
import (
“fmt”
“log”
"github.com/nats-io/nats.go"
)
func main() {
nc, err := nats.Connect(nats.DefaultURL)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf(“Failed to connect to NATS server: %v”, err)
}
defer nc.Close()
// 请求-响应模式
\_, err = nc.Request("request.subject", []byte("Request message"), 1000)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to send request: %v", err)
}
// 负载均衡
sub, err := nc.QueueSubscribe("queue.subject", "worker", func(m \*nats.Msg) {
fmt.Printf("%s received: %s\n", m.Subject, string(m.Data))
})
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to subscribe to queue: %v", err)
}
sub.AutoUnsubscribe(1) // 自动取消订阅第一条消息
select {}
}
##### 3.4 安全性与认证
确保与NATS服务器之间的通信是安全和经过身份验证的至关重要。以下是如何配置TLS和用户身份验证的示例代码:
package main
import (
“log”
"github.com/nats-io/nats.go"
)
func main() {
opts := []nats.Option{
nats.Name(“NATS Secure Connection”),
nats.UserInfo(“username”, “password”),
nats.Token(“token”),
nats.Secure(),
nats.TLSFiles(“ca.pem”, “cert.pem”, “key.pem”),
}
nc, err := nats.Connect("tls://nats-server:4222", opts...)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to connect to NATS server: %v", err)
}
defer nc.Close()
// Perform NATS operations...
}
#### 4. Go-kafka: Kafka库
##### 4.1 功能介绍
Go-kafka是一个用于与Apache Kafka进行交互的Go语言库。Apache Kafka是一个分布式流处理平台,Go-kafka库使得在Go应用程序中能够方便地生产和消费Kafka消息。
##### 4.2 使用示例
package main
import (
“log”
"github.com/Shopify/sarama"
)
func main() {
config := sarama.NewConfig()
producer, err := sarama.NewSyncProducer([]string{“localhost:9092”}, config)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf(“Failed to create Kafka producer: %v”, err)
}
defer producer.Close()
msg := &sarama.ProducerMessage{
Topic: "test-topic",
Value: sarama.StringEncoder("Hello Kafka"),
}
\_, \_, err = producer.SendMessage(msg)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to produce message: %v", err)
}
}
##### 4.3 高级应用示例
除了基本的生产和消费消息外,Kafka还支持分区、偏移量管理等高级功能。以下是一个展示如何使用Sarama库来实现从Kafka消费消息并手动提交偏移量的示例代码:
package main
import (
“log”
“os”
“os/signal”
"github.com/Shopify/sarama"
)
func main() {
config := sarama.NewConfig()
consumer, err := sarama.NewConsumer([]string{“localhost:9092”}, config)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf(“Failed to create Kafka consumer: %v”, err)
}
defer consumer.Close()
partitionConsumer, err := consumer.ConsumePartition("test-topic", 0, sarama.OffsetOldest)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to consume partition: %v", err)
}
signals := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
signal.Notify(signals, os.Interrupt)
ConsumerLoop:
for {
select {
case msg := <-partitionConsumer.Messages():
log.Printf(“Received message: %s\n”, string(msg.Value))
// 在此处处理消息
consumer.MarkOffset(msg, "")
case <-signals:
break ConsumerLoop
}
}
}
##### 4.4 容错处理
在与Kafka交互时,容错处理是至关重要的,可以通过设置重试机制和错误处理来提高系统的可靠性。以下是一个示例代码,展示如何配置重试机制和错误处理:
package main
import (
“log”
"github.com/Shopify/sarama"
)
func main() {
config := sarama.NewConfig()
config.Producer.Retry.Max = 5
config.Producer.RequiredAcks = sarama.WaitForAll
producer, err := sarama.NewSyncProducer([]string{"localhost:9092"}, config)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to create Kafka producer: %v", err)
}
defer producer.Close()
msg := &sarama.ProducerMessage{
Topic: "test-topic",
Value: sarama.StringEncoder("Hello Kafka"),
}
\_, \_, err = producer.SendMessage(msg)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to produce message: %v", err)
}
}
#### 5. Go-nsq: NSQ库
##### 5.1 功能介绍
Go-nsq是一个用于与NSQ(实时分布式消息传递平台)集成的Go语言库。NSQ具有高可靠性和可伸缩性,Go-nsq库使得在Go应用程序中能够轻松地生产和消费NSQ消息。
##### 5.2 使用示例
package main
import (
“log”
“os”
“os/signal”
“syscall”
"github.com/nsqio/go-nsq"
)
func main() {
cfg := nsq.NewConfig()
producer, err := nsq.NewProducer(“localhost:4150”, cfg)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf(“Failed to create NSQ producer: %v”, err)
}
defer producer.Stop()
err = producer.Publish("test-topic", []byte("Hello NSQ"))
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to publish message: %v", err)
}
signalChan := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
signal.Notify(signalChan, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
<-signalChan
}
##### 5.3 进阶应用示例
在实际项目中,可能需要处理更复杂的场景,如消费者并发处理、消息重试等。以下是一个展示如何使用Go-nsq库编写具有消息重试和并发消费功能的NSQ消费者的示例代码:
package main
import (
“log”
“os”
“os/signal”
“syscall”
"github.com/nsqio/go-nsq"
)
type ConsumerHandler struct{}
func (h *ConsumerHandler) HandleMessage(msg *nsq.Message) error {
log.Printf(“Received message: %s”, msg.Body)
return nil
}
func main() {
cfg := nsq.NewConfig()
consumer, err := nsq.NewConsumer(“test-topic”, “channel1”, cfg)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf(“Failed to create NSQ consumer: %v”, err)
}
consumer.AddHandler(&ConsumerHandler{})
err = consumer.ConnectToNSQD("localhost:4150")
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Could not connect to NSQD: %v", err)
}
signalChan := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
signal.Notify(signalChan, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
<-signalChan
}
##### 5.4 稳定性与故障恢复
确保在与NSQ集成时具备稳定性和故障恢复机制非常重要。下面是一个示例代码,展示如何配置NSQ生产者以支持故障恢复:
package main
import (
“log”
“time”
"github.com/nsqio/go-nsq"
)
func main() {
cfg := nsq.NewConfig()
producer, err := nsq.NewProducer(“localhost:4150”, cfg)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf(“Failed to create NSQ producer: %v”, err)
}
defer producer.Stop()
err = producer.Publish("test-topic", []byte("Hello NSQ"))
if err != nil {
log.Printf("Publish failed: %v", err)
// 在这里添加对失败情况的处理逻辑
time.Sleep(time.Second) // 等待一段时间后重试
err = producer.Publish("test-topic", []byte("Hello NSQ"))
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to publish message after retry: %v", err)
}
}
}
#### 6. Go-rabbitmq: RabbitMQ库
##### 6.1 功能介绍
Go-rabbitmq是一个用于与RabbitMQ消息代理进行通信的Go语言库。RabbitMQ是一个功能丰富的消息代理,Go-rabbitmq库使得在Go应用程序中可以方便地与RabbitMQ进行集成,实现消息的发布和订阅。
##### 6.2 使用示例
package main
import (
“log”
"github.com/streadway/amqp"
)
func main() {
conn, err := amqp.Dial(“amqp://guest:guest@localhost:5672/”)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf(“Failed to connect to RabbitMQ: %v”, err)
}
defer conn.Close()
ch, err := conn.Channel()
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to open a channel: %v", err)
}
defer ch.Close()
q, err := ch.QueueDeclare(
"hello",
false,
false,
false,
false,
nil,
)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to declare a queue: %v", err)
}
msgs, err := ch.Consume(
q.Name,
"",
true,
false,
false,
false,
nil,
)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to register a consumer: %v", err)
}
for msg := range msgs {
log.Printf("Received message: %s", msg.Body)
}
}
##### 6.3 高级应用示例
除了基本的消息发布和订阅外,RabbitMQ还提供了更多功能,如交换机、确认模式等。以下是一个展示如何在Go应用程序中使用RabbitMQ库实现消息确认模式的示例代码:
package main
import (
“log”
"github.com/streadway/amqp"
)
func main() {
conn, err := amqp.Dial(“amqp://guest:guest@localhost:5672/”)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf(“Failed to connect to RabbitMQ: %v”, err)
}
defer conn.Close()
ch, err := conn.Channel()
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to open a channel: %v", err)
}
defer ch.Close()
err = ch.Confirm(false)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to set channel in confirm mode: %v", err)
}
q, err := ch.QueueDeclare(
"hello",
false,
false,
false,
false,
nil,
)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to declare a queue: %v", err)
}
msg := amqp.Publishing{
Body: []byte("Hello RabbitMQ"),
}
err = ch.Publish(
"",
q.Name,
false,
false,
msg,
)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to publish message: %v", err)
}
select {}
}
##### 6.4 可靠性与持久化
确保消息传递的可靠性和持久化对于消息代理非常重要。下面是一个示例代码,展示如何配置RabbitMQ以支持消息持久化:
package main
import (
“log”
"github.com/streadway/amqp"
)
func main() {
conn, err := amqp.Dial(“amqp://guest:guest@localhost:5672/”)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf(“Failed to connect to RabbitMQ: %v”, err)
}
defer conn.Close()
ch, err := conn.Channel()
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to open a channel: %v", err)
}
defer ch.Close()
q, err := ch.QueueDeclare(
"hello",
true, // 设置队列为持久化
false,
false,
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c main() {
conn, err := amqp.Dial(“amqp://guest:guest@localhost:5672/”)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf(“Failed to connect to RabbitMQ: %v”, err)
}
defer conn.Close()
ch, err := conn.Channel()
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to open a channel: %v", err)
}
defer ch.Close()
q, err := ch.QueueDeclare(
"hello",
true, // 设置队列为持久化
false,
false,
[外链图片转存中…(img-mBfnm7ec-1726120699966)]
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[外链图片转存中…(img-YEW6KLcI-1726120699967)]
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