Core Techniques of Penetration Testing: Vulnerability Discovery and Exploitation

Vulnerability discovery and exploitation form the core phase of penetration testing, directly determining attack success. This section focuses on **FUZZ techniques, CAPTCHA vulnerabilities, brute-force attacks, unauthorized access**, and **framework vulnerability exploitation**, combining practical cases and tools to explain how to precisely locate vulnerabilities and achieve attack breakthroughs.

 

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**1. Application of FUZZ Techniques in Vulnerability Discovery**  

**Goal:** Discover hidden vulnerabilities (e.g., SQL injection, XSS, SSRF) through fuzzing.  

**Core Methods:**  

1. **Parameter FUZZ**  

   - **Scenario:** Inject abnormal values into HTTP request parameters (GET/POST) and observe response anomalies.  

   - **Tools:**  

     - **Burp Suite Intruder:** Load dictionaries for batch parameter testing, mark FUZZ positions with §FUZZ§.  

     - **wfuzz:** Command-line fuzzing tool. Example:  

       wfuzz -w fuzz_dict.txt -d "username=FUZZ&password=123" http://example.com/login  

   - **Dictionary Selection:**  

     - SQL injection: ' " OR 1=1-- /*  

     - XSS: <script>alert(1)</script>  

 

2. **Path FUZZ**  

   - **Scenario:** Detect undisclosed API interfaces or admin panel