struts的初步使用

目标：

一：struts的配置

二：struts的动态方法调用

三：struts的传参

四：struts与tomcat的集成

一：struts的配置

第一步：导依赖（pom.xml）

首先在左侧菜单栏右键

 然后点击Maven Project,再点击Next

 继续Next

 然后Catalog选择Internal,Filter选择最后一个，然后继续Next

 然后Group Id为包名，Artifact Id为项目名，然后Finish

 然后这一步还需要将jar包改为1.8

修改pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.sg</groupId>
  <artifactId>T269_struts</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>T269_struts Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>T269_struts</finalName>
    <plugins>
    <plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>3.7.0</version>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.8</source>
					<target>1.8</target>
					<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

 右键项目找到Poperties 

点击Project Facets,将Java改为1.8

 两个方法都是修改jar，将Dynamic Web Module改为3.1，然后点击黄色条里面的链接

将Content directory改为src/mainwebapp就可以了

 然后添加依赖

依赖：

<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>4.0.1</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
			<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
			<version>2.5.13</version>
		</dependency>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.sg</groupId>
  <artifactId>T269_struts</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>T269_struts Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>4.0.1</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
			<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
			<version>2.5.13</version>
		</dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>T269_struts</finalName>
    <plugins>
    <plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>3.7.0</version>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.8</source>
					<target>1.8</target>
					<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

第二步：做配置（配置过滤器）

首先找到web.xml

修改成：

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <filter>
    <filter-name>struts</filter-name>
  	<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>struts</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

注意：maven项目的结构

 第三步：框架配置文件

将（struts-base.xml、struts-sy.xml、struts.xml）放入src/main/resources中

struts-base.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" />
	<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" />

	<package name="base" extends="struts-default" abstract="true">
		<global-allowed-methods>regex:.*</global-allowed-methods>
	</package>
</struts>

  struts-sy.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
		<action name="/demo1" class="" method=""></action>
	</package>
</struts>

 struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<!-- 引入了struts的默认配置 -->
	<include file="struts-default.xml"></include>
	<!-- 开发人员对struts框架的基本配置 -->
	<include file="struts-base.xml"></include>
	<!-- 项目涉及到的模块，分文件管理 -->
	<include file="struts-sy.xml"></include>
</struts>

第四步：开发写web层

首先创建一个web层（Demo1Action）

package com.sg.one.web;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class Demo1Action extends ActionSupport{
	public String add() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("add方法、、、");
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	public String del() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("del方法、、、");
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	public String edit() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("edit方法、、、");
		return "bookEdit";
	}

}

然后创建两个页面

bookEdit

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>成功界面</h1>

</body>
</html>

demo1

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h3>struts动态方法调用</h3>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_add.action">新增</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_edit.action">修改</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_del.action">删除</a><br>
</body>
</html>

然后写配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
	<!-- {1}代表第一个* -->
		<action name="/demo1_*" class="com.sg.one.web.Demo1Action" method="{1}">
			<result name="bookEdit">/bookEdit.jsp</result>
		</action>
	</package>
</struts>

运行结果：

点击新增

 

 使用{2}方法

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
	<!-- {1}代表第一个* -->
		<action name="/demo1_*_*" class="com.sg.one.web.Demo1Action" method="{1}">
			<result name="{2}">/{2}.jsp</result>
		</action>
	</package>
</struts>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h3>struts动态方法调用</h3>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_add.action">新增</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_edit.action">修改</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_del.action">删除</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_add_bookEdit.action">新增</a><br>
</body>
</html>

结果：

 这个时候前三个点击就会报错了，因为后面那里没有改为第二种方法

三：struts的传参

一：ModelDriver接口传参

 新建一个实体类

package com.sg.one.entity;

public class User {
	private String uid;
	private String uname;
	public String getUid() {
		return uid;
	}
	public void setUid(String uid) {
		this.uid = uid;
	}
	public String getUname() {
		return uname;
	}
	public void setUname(String uname) {
		this.uname = uname;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [uid=" + uid + ", uname=" + uname + "]";
	}
	

}

实现模型驱动接口

package com.sg.one.web;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.sg.one.entity.User;

public class Demo1Action extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User>{
	private User user1=new User();
	
	public String add() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("add方法、、、");
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	public String del() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("del方法、、、");
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	public String edit() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("edit方法、、、");
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	public String list() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("list方法、、、");
		System.out.println(user1);
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	@Override
	public User getModel() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return user1;
	}

}

demo1.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h3>struts动态方法调用</h3>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_add.action">新增</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_edit.action">修改</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_del.action">删除</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_add_bookEdit.action">新增</a><br>
	<h3>struts的传参</h3>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_list.action?uid=001&&uname=zs">ModelDriver接口传参</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_edit.action">set属性传参</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_del.action">通过对象属性传参</a><br>
</body>
</html>

运行结果：

二：set属性传参

在子控制器新建一个sex

package com.sg.one.web;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.sg.one.entity.User;

public class Demo1Action extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User>{
	private User user1=new User();
	private String sex;
	
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	public String add() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("add方法、、、");
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	public String del() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("del方法、、、");
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	public String edit() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("edit方法、、、");
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	public String list() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("list方法、、、");
		System.out.println(user1);
		System.out.println(sex);
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	@Override
	public User getModel() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return user1;
	}

}

demo1.xml

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h3>struts动态方法调用</h3>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_add.action">新增</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_edit.action">修改</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_del.action">删除</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_add_bookEdit.action">新增</a><br>
	<h3>struts的传参</h3>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_list.action?uid=001&&uname=zs">ModelDriver接口传参</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_list.action?sex=nv">set属性传参</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_del.action">通过对象属性传参</a><br>
</body>
</html>

结果展示：

三：通过对象属性传参

新建一个对象

package com.sg.one.web;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.sg.one.entity.User;

public class Demo1Action extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User>{
	private User user1=new User();
	private String sex;
	private User user2;
	
	public User getUser1() {
		return user1;
	}
	public void setUser1(User user1) {
		this.user1 = user1;
	}
	public User getUser2() {
		return user2;
	}
	public void setUser2(User user2) {
		this.user2 = user2;
	}
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	public String add() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("add方法、、、");
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	public String del() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("del方法、、、");
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	public String edit() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("edit方法、、、");
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	public String list() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("list方法、、、");
//		System.out.println(user1);
		System.out.println(sex);
		System.out.println(user2);
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	@Override
	public User getModel() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return user1;
	}

}

demo1.xml

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h3>struts动态方法调用</h3>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_add.action">新增</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_edit.action">修改</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_del.action">删除</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_add_bookEdit.action">新增</a><br>
	<h3>struts的传参</h3>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_list.action?uid=001&&uname=zs">ModelDriver接口传参</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_list.action?sex=nv">set属性传参</a><br>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_list.action?user2.uid=002&&user2.uname=sg">通过对象属性传参</a><br>
</body>
</html>

结果展示： 

四： struts与tomcat的集成

方法一：

然后在bookEdit中调用

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>成功界面</h1>
${age}
</body>
</html>

方法二：

实现ServletRequestAware,ServletResponseAware接口

package com.sg.one.web;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletResponseAware;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.sg.one.entity.User;

public class Demo1Action extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User>,ServletRequestAware,ServletResponseAware{
	private HttpServletRequest req;
	private HttpServletResponse resp;
	private User user1=new User();
	private String sex;
	private User user2;
	
	public User getUser1() {
		return user1;
	}
	public void setUser1(User user1) {
		this.user1 = user1;
	}
	public User getUser2() {
		return user2;
	}
	public void setUser2(User user2) {
		this.user2 = user2;
	}
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	public String add() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("add方法、、、");
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	public String del() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("del方法、、、");
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	public String edit() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("edit方法、、、");
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	public String list() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("list方法、、、");
//		System.out.println(user1);
		System.out.println(sex);
		System.out.println(user2);
		HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
		request.setAttribute("age", 12);
		req.setAttribute("hobby", "xp");
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	@Override
	public User getModel() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return user1;
	}
	@Override
	public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse response) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		this.resp=response;
	}
	@Override
	public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		this.req=request;
	}

}

结果展示：

拜拜了各位