Java 多线程的三种实现方式

概述

  这里记录 Java 多线程实现的三种方式。

实现 Runnable 接口

  第一种方式，实现 Runnable 接口，实现 run 方法，然后用 Thread 类实例化，最后调用其 start 方法，代码如下。

class RunnableDemoTest implements Runnable {
    private String name;

    RunnableDemoTest(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void run() {
        try {
            for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {
                System.out.println(name + " run: " + i);
                Thread.sleep(100);  // 100ms = 0.1s
            }
        } catch(InterruptedException e) {
            System.out.println("Something wrong!");
        } 
    }

}


public class MyRunnableDemo {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        RunnableDemoTest th1 = new RunnableDemoTest("Thread One");
        RunnableDemoTest th2 = new RunnableDemoTest("Thread Two");

        new Thread(th1).start();
        new Thread(th2).start();
    }
    
}

继承 Thread 类

  第二种方式，继承 Thread 类，需要重写 run 方法，此时不需要再单独用 Thread 类实例化，代码如下。

class ThreadDemoTest extends Thread {
    private String name;

    ThreadDemoTest(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void run() {
        try {
            for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {
                System.out.println(name + " run: " + i);
                Thread.sleep(100);
            }
        }catch (InterruptedException e) {
            System.out.println("Something wrong!");
        }
    }
}


public class MyThreadDemo {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ThreadDemoTest("Thread One").start();
        new ThreadDemoTest("Thread Two").start();
    }
}

使用 Callable + FutureTask

  第三种方式，首先实现 Callable 接口，实现其 call 方法，之后用 FutureTask 类进行包装，最后再用 Thread 类实例化。使用此种方法的需求之一就是因为其可以在线程中返回值，代码如下。

import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;


class FutureDemoTest implements Callable<Integer> {
    private String name;

    FutureDemoTest(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer call() {
        try {
            for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {
                System.out.println(name + " run:" + i);
                Thread.sleep(100);
            }
        }catch (InterruptedException e) {
            System.out.println("Something wrong!");
        }

        return 1;
    }    
}


public class MyFutureDemo {
        
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        FutureDemoTest th = new FutureDemoTest("Thread");
        FutureTask<Integer> ft = new FutureTask<>(th);

        new Thread(ft).start();

        try {
            System.out.println(ft.get());  // 获取返回值
        }catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("Something wrong!");
        }
    }
}

总结

不忘初心，砥砺前行！