Java多态的一种思考与实现

接到一个需求，Java后台接到前台的请求后，要转为另一个格式存储，具体如下

前台的请求：

[{"id":"1","name":"张三"},{"id":"2","name":"李四"},{"id":"3","name":"王五"}]

转为另一个格式存到数据库：（不要问为什么，问就是历史原因，而且要保持这种顺序 0...0）

[{"id":"1","name":"张三"},{"name":"李四","id":"2"},{"name":"王五","id":"3"}]

首先解析前台的请求，新建一个PersonDto来映射请求的字段

@Data
public class PersonDto implements Serializable {
    String id;
    String name;
}

实现类：（省略main方法） 

String request = "[{\"id\":\"1\",\"name\":\"张三\"},{\"id\":\"2\",\"name\":\"李四\"},{\"id\":\"3\",\"name\":\"王五\"}]";
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
List<PersonDto> personDtoList = mapper.readValue(request, new TypeReference<List<PersonDto>>() {});
for (PersonDto personDto : personDtoList) {
    System.out.println("[\"personDto\"] = " + personDto);
}

代码输出结果如下：

["personDto"] = PersonDto(id=1, name=张三)
["personDto"] = PersonDto(id=2, name=李四)
["personDto"] = PersonDto(id=3, name=王五)

 但是问题来了：如果我直接输出，就达不到需求的结果

String response = mapper.writeValueAsString(personDtoList);
System.out.println("[\"response\"] = " + response);

结果输出： 

["response"] = [{"id":"1","name":"张三"},{"id":"2","name":"李四"},{"id":"3","name":"王五"}]

后面思考了一段时间，为啥不适用多态试一下呢？

创建ResponseDto类

@Data
public class ResponseDto implements Serializable {
}

创建子类（正序子类）

@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
@Data
public class ResponseAscDto extends ResponseDto{
    String id;
    String name;
}

创建子类（逆序子类）

@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
@Data
public class ResponseDescDto extends ResponseDto{
    String name;
    String id;
}

实现类：（省略main方法）

String request = "[{\"id\":\"1\",\"name\":\"张三\"},{\"id\":\"2\",\"name\":\"李四\"},{\"id\":\"3\",\"name\":\"王五\"}]";
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
List<PersonDto> personDtoList = mapper.readValue(request, new TypeReference<List<PersonDto>>() {
        });
List<ResponseDto> responseDtoList = new ArrayList<>();
//单独处理第一个，用顺序ResponseAscDto来接收
PersonDto personDto = personDtoList.get(0);
ResponseDto responseDto = mapper.readValue(mapper.writeValueAsString(personDto), ResponseAscDto.class);
//添加到父类集合
responseDtoList.add(responseDto);
//处理后面几个，ResponseDescDto来接收
for (int i = 1; i < personDtoList.size(); i++) {
    ResponseDto responseDescDto = mapper.readValue(mapper.writeValueAsString(personDtoList.get(i)), ResponseDescDto.class);
    //添加到父类集合
    responseDtoList.add(responseDescDto);
}
//通过父类List集合一次性输出
String response = mapper.writeValueAsString(responseDtoList);
System.out.println("[\"response\"] = " + response);

代码输出结果如下：

["response"] = [{"id":"1","name":"张三"},{"name":"李四","id":"2"},{"name":"王五","id":"3"}]