java基础:内部类

一.概述

Outer.java

package Test;

//外部类
public class Outer {

    public static int a=100;
    private String hobby;
//    学习静态成员内部类
    public static class Inner{
        private String name;
        private int age;
        public static String schoolName;

        public void show(){
            System.out.println("名称："+name);
            System.out.println(a);
        }

        public Inner(){

        }

    public Inner(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public static String getSchoolName() {
        return schoolName;
    }

    public static void setSchoolName(String schoolName) {
        Inner.schoolName = schoolName;
    }
}
}

test.java

package Test;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Outer.Inner in=new Outer.Inner();
        in.setName("张三");
        in.show();

    }
}

成员内部类

内部类不能写static变量和方法，只有外部类可以

test.java

package Test;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Outer.Inner in=new Outer().new Inner();
        in.setName("内部");
        in.show();
//        Outer.Inner.test();

    }
}

Outer.java

package Test;

//外部类
public class Outer {
    public static int num=111;
//    成员内部类：不能加static修饰  属于外部类对象的
    public class Inner{
        private String name;
        private int age;

//    public static void test(){
//        System.out.println(a);
//    }

    public void show(){
        System.out.println("名称："+name+num);
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}
}

内部类访问外部类的参数

package Test;

public class Test2 {
    public static void main(String args[]){
        People.Heart heart=new People().new Heart();
        heart.show();

    }
}
class People{
    private int heartbeat=150;

//    成员内部类
    public class Heart{
        private int heartbeat=110;

        public void show(){
            int heartbeat=78;
            System.out.println(heartbeat);//78
            System.out.println(this.heartbeat);//110
            System.out.println(People.this.heartbeat);//150
        }
}
}

局部内部类

package Test;

public class Test {
    static {
        class Dog{
            
        }
        abstract class Animal{
            
        }
        interface SportManInter{
            
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args){
        class Cat{
            private String name;
            public static int onLineNumber=100;
            public String getName(){
                return name;
            }
            public void setName(String name){
                this.name=name;
            }
        }
        Cat c=new Cat();
        c.setName("叮当响");
    }
}

二.匿名内部类

概述

package Test;

//目标：学习匿名内部类的形式和特点
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args){
//        这里是匿名内部类
        Animal a=new Animal(){
            @Override
            public void run(){
                System.out.println("老虎跑的快");
            }
        };
        a.run();
    }
}
//class Tiger extends Animal{
//    @Override
//    public void run() {
//        System.out.println("老虎跑的快");
//    }
//}

abstract class Animal{//抽象类不能创建对象
    public abstract void run();
}

匿名内部类的使用

package Test;

//目标：掌握匿名内部类的使用形式（语法）
public class Test2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Swimming s=new Swimming(){
            @Override
            public void swim(){
                System.out.println("学生快乐的自由泳");
            }
        };
        go(s);

        System.out.println("-----------------");
        Swimming s1=new Swimming(){
            @Override
            public void swim(){
                System.out.println("老师泳游的贼快");
            }
        };
        go(s1);

        System.out.println("-----------------");
//        第二种写法
        go(new Swimming(){
            @Override
            public void swim(){
                System.out.println("运动员游的很快");
            }
        });

    }
    /**
     * 学生  老师    运动员可以一起参加游泳比赛
     */
    public static void go(Swimming s){
        System.out.println("开始");
        s.swim();
        System.out.println("结束");
    }
}

class Student implements Swimming{
    @Override
    public void swim(){
        System.out.println("学生快乐的自由泳");
    }
}
interface Swimming{
    void swim();
}

案例

package Test;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//目标：通过GUI编程  理解匿名内部类的真实使用场景
public class Test2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        1.创建窗口
        JFrame win=new JFrame("登录界面");
        JPanel panel=new JPanel();
        win.add(panel);

//        2.创建一个按钮对象
        JButton btn=new JButton("登录");

//        注意：讲解匿名内部类的使用
        btn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(win,"点我以下，说明爱我");
            }
        });
        btn.addActionListener(e -> JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(win,"别说话，吻我"));

//        3.把按钮对象添加到桌面上展示
        panel.add(btn);

//        4.展示窗口
        win.setSize(400,300);
        win.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        win.setVisible(true);
    }
}