关于JavaScript和jQuery的一些使用总结(一)

JavaScript方面

基础用法

1.循环遍历js对象(Ajax中)

• SpringBoot中的java代码

/**
 * 展示所有一级类别
 * @return
 */
@RequestMapping("showFirst")
@ResponseBody
public List<Category> showFirst(){
    return categoryService.queryFirst();
}

• js代码

 $.ajax({
           datatype: "json",
           type: "POST",
           url: "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/category/showFirst",
           success: function (result) {
               let index
               for (index in result){
   $("#firstCategory").append("<option value="+result[index].id+">"+result[index].name+"</option>")
}
           }
       })

常见场景

1. 页面跳转(DOM)

window.location.href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/back/main/main.jsp"

JQuery方面

基础用法

1. 引入jQuery文件

<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/back/js/jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>

常见场景

1. 点击更换验证码

• html页面：

<a class="code_pic" id="vcodeImgWrap" name="change_code_img" href="javascript:void(0);">
   <img id="imgVcode" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/admin/code" class="Ucc_captcha Captcha-image" >
</a>
<a id="vcodeImgBtn" name="change_code_link" class="code_picww" href="javascript:void(0);">换张图</a>

• jQuery代码：

/*点击更换验证码*/
$("#vcodeImgWrap, #vcodeImgBtn").click(function () {
   $("#imgVcode").prop("src", "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/admin/code?time=" + new Date().getTime().toString())
})

• 附：SpringBoot验证码Controller代码和验证码工具类代码

/**
 * 生成验证码
 * @return
 */
@RequestMapping("code")
public void securityCode(HttpServletResponse response, HttpSession session) throws IOException {
    //设置相应类型
    response.setContentType("image/png");
    //获取验证码随机字符
    String code = SecurityCodeUtil.generateVerifyCode(4);
    //将验证码存入session中
    session.setAttribute("code", code);
    //生成验证码图片
    BufferedImage image = SecurityCodeUtil.getImage(100, 40, code);
    ImageIO.write(image, "png", response.getOutputStream());

}

package ace.gjh.util;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;

/**
 * 验证码生成器
 * 可生成数字、大写、小写字母及三者混合类型的验证码
 * 支持自定义验证码字符数量,支持自定义验证码图片的大小,支持自定义需排除的特殊字符,支持自定义干扰线的数量,支持自定义验证码图文颜色
 *
 * ******使用方法*******
 * //获取相应对象
 *     HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
 *     //设置响应类型
 *     response.setContentType("image/png");
 *     //获取验证码随机字符
 *     String code = VerifyCodeUtil.generateVerifyCode(4);
 *     //生成验证码图片
 *     BufferedImage image = VerifyCodeUtil.getImage(100, 40, code);
 *     ImageIO.write(image, "png", response.getOutputStream());
 *
 */
public class SecurityCodeUtil {
    //使用到Algerian字体，系统里没有的话需要安装字体，字体只显示大写，去掉了1,0,i,o几个容易混淆的字符
    public static final String VERIFY_CODES = "23456789ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxyz";
    private static Random random = new Random();


    /**
     * 使用系统默认字符源生成验证码
     *
     * @param verifySize 验证码长度
     * @return
     */
    public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize) {
        return generateVerifyCode(verifySize, VERIFY_CODES);
    }

    /**
     * 使用指定源生成验证码
     *
     * @param verifySize 验证码长度
     * @param sources    验证码字符源
     * @return
     */
    public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize, String sources) {
        if (sources == null || sources.length() == 0) {
            sources = VERIFY_CODES;
        }
        int codesLen = sources.length();
        Random rand = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
        StringBuilder verifyCode = new StringBuilder(verifySize);
        for (int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++) {
            verifyCode.append(sources.charAt(rand.nextInt(codesLen - 1)));
        }
        return verifyCode.toString();
    }

    /**
     * 生成随机验证码文件,并返回验证码值
     *
     * @param w
     * @param h
     * @param outputFile
     * @param verifySize
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, int verifySize) throws IOException {
        String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
        outputImage(w, h, outputFile, verifyCode);
        return verifyCode;
    }

    /**
     * 输出随机验证码图片流,并返回验证码值
     *
     * @param w
     * @param h
     * @param os
     * @param verifySize
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, int verifySize) throws IOException {
        String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
        outputImage(w, h, os, verifyCode);
        return verifyCode;
    }

    /**
     * 生成指定验证码图像文件
     *
     * @param w
     * @param h
     * @param outputFile
     * @param code
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void outputImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, String code) throws IOException {
        if (outputFile == null) {
            return;
        }
        File dir = outputFile.getParentFile();
        if (!dir.exists()) {
            dir.mkdirs();
        }
        try {
            outputFile.createNewFile();
            FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(outputFile);
            outputImage(w, h, fos, code);
            fos.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }

    public static BufferedImage getImage(int w, int h, String code) {
        int verifySize = code.length();
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        Random rand = new Random();
        Graphics2D g2 = image.createGraphics();
        g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
        Color[] colors = new Color[5];
        Color[] colorSpaces = new Color[]{Color.WHITE, Color.CYAN,
                Color.GRAY, Color.LIGHT_GRAY, Color.MAGENTA, Color.ORANGE,
                Color.PINK, Color.YELLOW};
        float[] fractions = new float[colors.length];
        for (int i = 0; i < colors.length; i++) {
            colors[i] = colorSpaces[rand.nextInt(colorSpaces.length)];
            fractions[i] = rand.nextFloat();
        }
        Arrays.sort(fractions);

        g2.setColor(Color.GRAY);// 设置边框色
        g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);

        Color c = getRandColor(200, 250);
        g2.setColor(c);// 设置背景色
        g2.fillRect(0, 2, w, h - 4);

        //绘制干扰线
        Random random = new Random();
        g2.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));// 设置线条的颜色
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            int x = random.nextInt(w - 1);
            int y = random.nextInt(h - 1);
            int xl = random.nextInt(6) + 1;
            int yl = random.nextInt(12) + 1;
            g2.drawLine(x, y, x + xl + 40, y + yl + 20);
        }

        // 添加噪点
        float yawpRate = 0.05f;// 噪声率
        int area = (int) (yawpRate * w * h);
        for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {
            int x = random.nextInt(w);
            int y = random.nextInt(h);
            int rgb = getRandomIntColor();
            image.setRGB(x, y, rgb);
        }

        shear(g2, w, h, c);// 使图片扭曲

        g2.setColor(getRandColor(100, 160));
        int fontSize = h - 4;
        Font font = new Font("Algerian", Font.ITALIC, fontSize);
        g2.setFont(font);
        char[] chars = code.toCharArray();
        for (int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++) {
            AffineTransform affine = new AffineTransform();
            affine.setToRotation(Math.PI / 4 * rand.nextDouble() * (rand.nextBoolean() ? 1 : -1), (w / verifySize) * i + fontSize / 2, h / 2);
            g2.setTransform(affine);
            g2.drawChars(chars, i, 1, ((w - 10) / verifySize) * i + 5, h / 2 + fontSize / 2 - 10);
        }

        g2.dispose();
        return image;
    }

    /**
     * 输出指定验证码图片流
     *
     * @param w
     * @param h
     * @param os
     * @param code
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void outputImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, String code) throws IOException {
        BufferedImage image = getImage(w, h, code);
        ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", os);
    }

    private static Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
        if (fc > 255)
            fc = 255;
        if (bc > 255)
            bc = 255;
        int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
        int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
        int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
        return new Color(r, g, b);
    }

    private static int getRandomIntColor() {
        int[] rgb = getRandomRgb();
        int color = 0;
        for (int c : rgb) {
            color = color << 8;
            color = color | c;
        }
        return color;
    }

    private static int[] getRandomRgb() {
        int[] rgb = new int[3];
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            rgb[i] = random.nextInt(255);
        }
        return rgb;
    }

    private static void shear(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
        shearX(g, w1, h1, color);
        shearY(g, w1, h1, color);
    }

    private static void shearX(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {

        int period = random.nextInt(2);

        boolean borderGap = true;
        int frames = 1;
        int phase = random.nextInt(2);

        for (int i = 0; i < h1; i++) {
            double d = (double) (period >> 1)
                    * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
                    + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
                    / (double) frames);
            g.copyArea(0, i, w1, 1, (int) d, 0);
            if (borderGap) {
                g.setColor(color);
                g.drawLine((int) d, i, 0, i);
                g.drawLine((int) d + w1, i, w1, i);
            }
        }

    }

    private static void shearY(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {

        int period = random.nextInt(40) + 10; // 50;

        boolean borderGap = true;
        int frames = 20;
        int phase = 7;
        for (int i = 0; i < w1; i++) {
            double d = (double) (period >> 1)
                    * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
                    + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
                    / (double) frames);
            g.copyArea(i, 0, 1, h1, 0, (int) d);
            if (borderGap) {
                g.setColor(color);
                g.drawLine(i, (int) d, i, 0);
                g.drawLine(i, (int) d + h1, i, h1);
            }

        }

    }

    //测试
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        //生成验证码随机字符(位数)
        String generateVerifyCode = generateVerifyCode(6);
        //打印随机字符
        System.out.println(generateVerifyCode);
        //生成图片(宽度，高度，随即字符)
        BufferedImage image = getImage(255, 80, generateVerifyCode);
        //将生成的验证码图片保存到本地
        ImageIO.write(image, "png", new FileOutputStream(new File("D:\\1.png")));
    }
}

2. Ajax请求

• Ajax请求代码：

/*登录*/
$("#submitLoginBtn").click(function () {
   $.ajax({
      data:'username='+$("#txtUsername").val()+'&password='+$("#txtPassword").val()+'&imageCode='+$("#code").val(),
      datatype:"json",
      url:'${pageContext.request.contextPath}/admin/login',
      type:'POST',
      success:function (result) {
         if(result.status){
            window.location.href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/back/main/main.jsp"
         }else {
            $("#message").text(result.message)
         }
      }
   })
})

• SpringBoot的Controller代码：

/**
 * 后台管理员登录检查
 *
 * @return
 */
@RequestMapping("login")
@ResponseBody
public Map<String, Object> login(Admin adminLogin, String imageCode, HttpSession session) {
    Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
    //根据登录用户名获取用户信息
    Admin admin = adminService.queryByUsername(adminLogin.getUsername());
    //如果该管理员账户存在，则匹配密码，否则输出“用户名错误”
    String code = (String)session.getAttribute("code");
    if(!code.equalsIgnoreCase(imageCode)){
        map.put("status", false);
        map.put("message", "验证码错误！");
        return map;
    }

    if (admin != null) {
        map.put("status", true);
        if (admin.getPassword().equals(adminLogin.getPassword())) {
            //如果密码正确，则输出“密码正确”，并将管理员信息存入session
            session.setAttribute("admin", admin);
            map.put("message", "登录成功!");
        } else {
            map.put("message", "密码错误!");
        }
    } else {
        map.put("status", false);
        map.put("message", "用户名输入错误!");
    }
    return map;
}