Spring学习(七)——Spring MVC

一、Spring MVC原理图

二、引入依赖

  <!-- JavaEE 规范 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Spring Web -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Spring MVC -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

三、配置文件

spring.xml

spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--开启组件扫描，注意父子容器问题-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="cool.gjh">
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>
	......
</beans>

springmvc.xml

springmvc.xml

注意：如果是前后端分离的话，没必要加<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- 开启组件扫描，防止父子容器问题 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="cool.gjh">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

    <!-- 防止静态资源拦截 -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!-- 开启注解式驱动 作用：自动注册RequestMappingHandlerMapping、RequestMappingHandlerAdapter -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!-- 添加视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

web.xml

web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  
  <!--指定spring.xml配置文件的位置-->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:cool/gjh/spring/spring.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

  <!--指定编码-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>charset</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>charset</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!--设置spring启动监听器-->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <!--添加spring MVC作为控制器-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:cool/gjh/spring/springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

四、C、V层

Controller类

这里直接调用了之前的Spring整合Mybatis的查询结果。

package cool.gjh.controller;

import cool.gjh.entity.Student;
import cool.gjh.service.StudentService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Controller层
 *
 * @author ACE_GJH
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/student")
public class StudentController {

    @Autowired
    private StudentService studentService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/showAll", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String showAll(Model model){

        List<Student> students = studentService.getAllStudent();
        model.addAttribute("students", students);

        return "index";

    }

}

Jsp页面

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" %>
<%@page isELIgnored="false" pageEncoding="utf-8" %>
<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
<table width="50%" border="1">
    <tr align="center" colspan="1">
        <td>id</td>
        <td>name</td>
        <td>age</td>
        <td>birthday</td>
        <td>sex</td>
        <td>height</td>
        <td>weight</td>
    </tr>
    <c:forEach items="${students}" var="student">
        <tr align="center" colspan="1">
            <td>${student.id}</td>
            <td>${student.name}</td>
            <td>${student.age}</td>
            <td>
                <fmt:formatDate value="${student.birthday}" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd"/>
            </td>
            <td>
                <c:if test="${student.sex}">
                    男
                </c:if>
                <c:if test="${!student.sex}">
                    女
                </c:if>
            </td>
            <td>${student.height}</td>
            <td>${student.weight}</td>
        </tr>
    </c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>

注意：由于我用了JSTL，故需要引入jstl的jar包。

 <!-- JSTL -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

五、显示效果

访问路径：http://localhost:8080/spring/student/showAll
页面效果：