《C语言程序设计（第二版新版）》第二章习题解答（部分）

2-3

//十六进制字符串转化为整型数
#include <stdio.h>
#define MAXLINE 100

void htoi(char s[]);
int getline(char line[], int lim);
int main()
{
	char s[MAXLINE];

	while (getline(s, MAXLINE) > 0)
	{
		printf("origin:%s", s);
		htoi(s);
	}
}

int getline(char line[], int lim)
{
	int i, c;

	i = 0;

	printf("input:\n");
	while (i < lim - 1 && (c = getchar()) != '\n' && c != EOF)
	{
		line[i] = c;
		i++;
	}
	if (c == '\n')
	{
		line[i] = c;
		i++;
	}
	line[i] = '\0';
	return i;
}

void htoi(char s[])//不支持负数
{
	int i = 0;
	int n = 0;

	while (s[i] != '\0')
	{
		if (s[i++] != '0')
			;
		else if (s[i] == 'x' || s[i] == 'X')//确保为16进制数前缀
		{
			i++;
			while ((s[i] >= '0' && s[i] <= '9') || (s[i] >= 'a' && s[i] <= 'f') || (s[i] >= 'A' && s[i] <= 'F'))//确保为16进制数
			{
				if (s[i] >= '0' && s[i] <= '9')
					n = s[i] - '0' + n * 16;
				else if (s[i] >= 'a' && s[i] <= 'f')
					n = s[i] - 'a' + 10 + n * 16;
				else
					n = s[i] - 'A' + 10 + n * 16;
				i++;
			}
			if (n != 0)
				printf("%d\n", n);
			n = 0;
		}
	}
}

2-4

/*
2-4.
Write an alternate version of squeeze(s1,s2) that deletes each character in the string s1
that matches any character in the string s2 .
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#define MAXLINE 100

void squeeze(char s1[], char s2[]);
int getline(char line[], int lim);

int main()
{
	char s1[MAXLINE], s2[MAXLINE];

	getline(s1, MAXLINE);3
	printf("s1:%ss2:%s\n", s1, s2);
	squeeze(s1, s2);
	printf("final:\n%s\n", s1);
	return 0;
}

int getline(char line[], int lim)
{
	int i, c;

	i = 0;

	printf("input:\n");
	while (i < lim - 1 && (c = getchar()) != '\n' && c != EOF)
	{
		line[i] = c;
		i++;
	}
	if (c == '\n')
	{
		line[i] = c;
		i++;
	}
	line[i] = '\0';
	return i;
}

void squeeze(char s1[], char s2[])
{
	int i1, i2, j;
	char temp;
	 
	i2 = 0;

	while ((temp = s2[i2]) != '\0')
	{
		i1 = 0;
		j = 0;
		for (; s1[j] != '\0'; j++)
		{
			if (s1[j] != temp)
				s1[i1++] = s1[j];
		}
		s1[i1] = '\0';
		i2++;
	}
}

2-5

#include <stdio.h>
#define MAXLINE 100

void any(char s1[], char s2[]);
int getline(char line[], int lim);

int main()
{
	char s1[MAXLINE], s2[MAXLINE];

	getline(s1, MAXLINE);
	getline(s2, MAXLINE);
	printf("s1:%ss2:%s", s1, s2);
	any(s1, s2);
	return 0;
}

int getline(char line[], int lim)
{
	int i, c;

	i = 0;

	printf("input:\n");
	while (i < lim - 1 && (c = getchar()) != '\n' && c != EOF)
	{
		line[i] = c;
		i++;
	}
	if (c == '\n')
	{
		line[i] = c;
		i++;
	}
	line[i] = '\0';
	return i;
}

void any(char s1[], char s2[])
{
	int i2, j;
	char temp;
	 
	i2 = 0;

	while ((temp = s2[i2]) != '\0')
	{
		j = 0;
		for (; s1[j] != '\0' && s1[j] != temp; j++) //get j;
			;
		if (s1[j] == '\0')
			printf("%c:%d\n", temp, -1);
		else
		{
			if (s1[j] == '\n')
				printf("\\n:%d\n", j);
			else
				printf("%c:%d\n", temp, j);
		}
		i2++;
	}
}

2-6

#include <stdio.h>

unsigned int setbits(unsigned int, int, int, unsigned int);

int main()
{
	unsigned int x, y,answer;
	int p, n;

	while (1)
	{
		printf("x:");
		scanf("%o", &x);
		printf("y:");
		scanf("%o", &y);
		printf("p:");
		scanf("%d", &p);
		printf("d:");
		scanf("%d", &n);
		answer = setbits(x, p, n, y);
		printf("answer=%o\n", answer);
	}
	return 0;
}

unsigned int setbits(unsigned int x, int p, int n, unsigned int y)
{
	unsigned temp101, temp010, tempx, tempy;
	
	temp010 = (~(~0 << n)) << (p - n + 1);
	temp101 = ~temp010;
	tempy = (y << (p - n + 1)) & temp010;
	tempx = x & temp101;
	return tempx + tempy;
}

2-7

#include <stdio.h>

unsigned int invert(unsigned int, int, int);

int main()
{
	unsigned int x, answer;
	int p, n;

	while (1)
	{
		printf("x:");
		scanf("%o", &x);
		printf("p:");
		scanf("%d", &p);
		printf("n:");
		scanf("%d", &n);
		answer = invert(x, p, n);
		printf("answer=%o\n", answer);
	}
	return 0;
}

unsigned int invert(unsigned int x, int p, int n)
{
	unsigned temp101, temp010;

	temp010 = (~(~0 << n)) << (p - n + 1);
	//printf("temp010:%o\n", temp010);
	temp101 = ~temp010;
	//printf("temp101:%o\n", temp101);
	//printf("x & temp101:%o\n", x & temp101);
	//printf("(~(x & temp010)) & temp010:%o\n", (~(x & temp010)) & temp010);
	return x & temp101 + (~(x & temp010) & temp010);
}

2-8

#include <stdio.h>

unsigned rightrot(unsigned, int);

int main()
{
	unsigned int x, answer;
	int n;

	while (1)
	{
		printf("x:");
		scanf("%o", &x);
		printf("n:");
		scanf("%d", &n);
		answer = rightrot(x, n);
		printf("answer=%o\n", answer);
	}
	return 0;
}

unsigned rightrot(unsigned int x, int n)
{
	unsigned temp, xmove, xadd;
	int i;

	xmove = x >> n;
	printf("xmove:%o\n", xmove);
	temp = xmove;
	for (i = 1; temp >= 2; i++)
		temp /= 2;
	printf("i:%d\n", i);
	xadd = (x & ~(~0 << n)) << i;
	printf("xadd:%o\n", xadd);
	return xmove + xadd;
}

2-9

#include <stdio.h>
#define MAXLINE 100

int bitsearch(int, int v[], int);
void buildarray(int v[],int n);

int main()
{
	int x, location, numbers[MAXLINE];

	x = 0;

	buildarray(numbers, MAXLINE);
	while (x != MAXLINE)
	{
		location = bitsearch(x, numbers, MAXLINE);
		printf("location is %d\n", location);
		x++;
	}
	return 0;
}

void buildarray(int v[], int n)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
		v[i] = i;
}

int bitsearch(int x, int v[], int n)
{
	int low, mid, high;

	low = 0;
	high = n - 1;
	/**/
	while (low <= high)
	{
		mid = (low + high) / 2;
  		if (x < v[mid])
			high = mid - 1;
		else if (x > v[mid])
			low = mid + 1;
		else
			return mid;
	}
	return -1;
	/*/
	mid = (low + high) / 2;
	while ((low <= high) && (x != mid))
	{
		if (x < v[mid])
			high = mid - 1;
		else
			low = mid + 1;
		mid = (low + high) / 2;
	}
	if (x == mid)
		return mid;
	else
		return 0;
	/**/
}

2-10

#include <stdio.h>

int lower(int);

int main()
{
	int c, c_lower;

	while ((c = getchar()) != '\n')
	{
		c_lower=lower(c);
		printf("result:%c,%d\n", c_lower, c_lower);
	}
	return 0;
}

int lower(int c)
{
	return (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') ? (c - 'A' + 'a') : c;
}